1 files changed, 323 insertions, 292 deletions

diff --git a/lisp/low-level-key.el b/lisp/low-level-key.el
index bc9311f82d0..8a8d912977d 100644
--- a/lisp/low-level-key.el
+++ b/lisp/low-level-key.el
@@ -1,26 +1,74 @@
-;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
-
-;; The physical-key event is like this:
-;; (low-level-key IS-KEY-PRESS KEY MODIFIER TIME FRAME)
-;; IS-KEY-PRESS is t if the key has been pressed, nil if it has been released.
-;; KEY is the keysym number.
-;; MODIFIER is the modifier associated with this key.  It is nil if the key is
-;; not a modifier.  It can be one of the following symbols: shift, control, meta,
-;; super, hyper, alt.  It can also be t if the key is a modifier but it can't be
-;; identified, as in the PGTK backend.
-;; TIME is the timestamp in milliseconds of the event.
-;; FRAME is the frame where the event happened.
-;;
-;; After calling 'llk-init' and setting a non-nil value for
-;; 'enable-low-level-key-events', events begin to be handled by 'llk-handler',
-;; which tries to detect n-taps and calls the corresponding function.
+;;; low-level-key.el --- Handling of key press/release events    -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
+
+;; Copyright (C) 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
+
+;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+;; (at your option) any later version.
+
+;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+;; GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+;;; Commentary:
+
+;; Emacs can send low-level key events, that correspond to key presses
+;; and releases. These events are by default disabled.
+
+;; When enabled by setting `enable-low-level-key-events' to a non-nil
+;; value, emacs will begin sending them, and they will be ignored as
+;; low-level-key is bound to `ignore' on `special-event-map'.
+
+;; This file sets a handler for them (`llk-handle') which generates
+;; input events for key presses, key releases and double and triple
+;; taps.  These events can be bound to commands on normal keymaps.
+
+;; Because generating these events for all keys would interfere with
+;; normal keyboard input, they must be activated individually by calling
+;; the function `llk-bind'.
+
+;; The low-level-key event payload is described by the 'low-level-key'
+;; struct.  Use 'cl-describe-type' to get more information about it.
 ;;
-;; To implement other functionalities, you can replace llk-handler with
-;; your own function.
+;; After loading this file and setting a non-nil value for
+;; 'enable-low-level-key-events', events begin to be handled by
+;; 'llk-handle', which tries to detect n-taps, and creates input
+;; events. See 'llk-bind'.
+
+;; Code:
 
 (require 'cl-lib)
 
-;; User options
+(defvar llk-tap-timeout (let ((time (mouse-double-click-time)))
+                          (if (> time 0) time 800))
+  "Time in milliseconds between key presses/releases to consider a double tap.
+For triple taps, the time is twice this value.")
+
+(cl-defstruct (low-level-key (:type list))
+  "Structure for low level key events.
+Received as low-level-key on `special-event-map'."
+  (event-type nil :type symbol
+   :documentation "Type of event: low-level-key")
+  (is-key-press nil :type boolean
+   :documentation "t if the key has been pressed, nil if it has been released.")
+  (key nil :type integer
+   :documentation "The keysym number.")
+  (modifier nil :type symbol
+   :documentation "Modifier associated with this key.  It is nil if the key is
+not a modifier.  It can be one of the following symbols: shift, control, meta,
+super, hyper, alt.  It can also be t if the key is a modifier but it can't be
+identified, as in the PGTK backend.")
+  (time nil :type integer
+   :documentation "Timestamp in milliseconds of the event.")
+  (frame nil :type frame
+   :documentation "Frame where the event happened."))
 
 (defvar llk-bindings nil
   "List of bindings for low level key events (press/release/tap).
@@ -28,315 +76,298 @@
 Use the `llk-bind' function to add bindings.  See its documentation for
 a description of the binding information.")
 
-(defvar llk-tap-count 2
-  "Number or key press/releases to consider a tap.")
+(defvar llk-keysyms nil
+  "List of keysyms and their names.
+Each element has the form (CODE . KEYSYM), where code is a NUMBER and
+KEYSYM a symbol, such as `xk-shift-l'")
 
-(defvar llk-tap-timeout 1000
-  "Time (ms) between consecutive key presses/releases to consider a tap.")
+;; TODO docstring.
+(defun llk-bind (key &rest events)
+  "Activates low level event generation for a key.
 
-(defvar llk-tap-keys
-  '(xk-shift-l xk-shift-r xk-control-l xk-control-r meta)
-  "Keys that can generate taps.")
+KEY can be a number or a symbol.  The symbols `shift', `control',
+`meta', `super', `hyper', `alt' activate events for the corresponding
+modifier keys.  A number activates events for the corresponding KeySym.
 
-(defvar llk-keysyms nil
-  "List of keysym numbers and their corresponding symbols.
+EVENTS are symbols that activate one event. Possible values are `press',
+`release', `double' and `triple'.
+
+See `llk-keysyms' for a list of known values for KEY and their names.
+For each of those, there is a corresponding variable.  It is better to
+use the variables to specify keys, as numerical values are
+platform-dependent.  The names are parallel to those for KeySyms on X,
+as defined in `xkeysymdef.h'. For example, `XK_Shift_L' (the left shift
+key), corresponds to `xk-shift-l'.
+
+The `xkeysymdef.h' file defines different KeySyms for capital and small
+versions of latin letters.  For this event, only the capital version is
+used, with the variables `xk-a', `xk-b', etc.
+
+Low level key events must be enabled with the variable
+`enable-low-level-key-events'.
+
+Once a key is activated with this function, input events will be
+generated for them, and can be bound to commands using normal keymaps.
 
-Each element has the form (KEYSYM . SYMBOL).  The variable value for
-each symbol is the keysym.  This list is initialized by `llk-init'.")
+For example, activating the double tap for the left shift key:
 
-(defvar llk-describe-next-press nil
-  "Internal variable to mark that next key press should be described.")
+  (llk-bind xk-shift-l \\='double)
 
-(defmacro define-xk (name x-keysym w32-keysym)
+will generate the event `double-xk-shift-l', than can be bound to a
+command with:
+
+  (keymap-global-set [double-xk-shift-l] COMMAND)
+
+Prefixes for events are `press-key-', `release-key-', `double-' and
+`triple-'.
+
+If you use a KeySym number that is not on `llk-keysyms', the events will
+use its numerical value."
+  (setq llk-bindings
+        (cl-delete-if (lambda (x) (eq (car x) key)) llk-bindings))
+  (push (append (list key) events) llk-bindings))
+
+;; We store the last events (key/modifier is-press timestamp) here to
+;; test for multitap.  This is not the use the low-level-key struct.
+(defvar llk--event-history-for-tap nil
+  "Internal variable for detecting taps.")
+
+(defun llk--detect-n-tap (n timeout)
+  "Internal function to detect n-tap keys."
+  ;; Only care about last 2xN events
+  (ntake (* 2 n) llk--event-history-for-tap)
+  ;; If we have:
+  ;; - Exactly 2 * n events.
+  ;; - down, up, down, up, ...
+  ;; - not two much time between first and last
+  (and (eq (* 2 n) (length llk--event-history-for-tap))
+       (cl-every #'eq
+                 (ntake (* 2 n)
+                        (list nil t nil t nil t nil t
+                              nil t nil t nil t nil t))
+                 (mapcar 'cl-second llk--event-history-for-tap))
+       (< (- (cl-third (cl-first llk--event-history-for-tap))
+             (cl-third (car (last llk--event-history-for-tap))))
+          timeout)
+       (progn (setq llk--event-history-for-tap nil) t)))
+
+(defun llk--generate-event (key event-type)
+  (when (numberp key)
+    (let ((sym (cdr (assoc key llk-keysyms))))
+      (when sym
+        (setq key sym))))
+  (push (intern (format "%s-%s" event-type key))
+                 unread-command-events))
+
+(defun llk--generate-events (key is-press binding timestamp)
+  (if is-press
+      (when (member 'press binding)
+        (llk--generate-event key 'press-key))
+    (when (member 'release binding)
+      (llk--generate-event key 'release-key)))
+
+  (let ((double (member 'double binding))
+        (triple (member 'triple binding)))
+    ;; a non-tap key clears the event history.
+    (if (or double triple)
+        (progn
+          ;; Clear the event history if it has events from another key.
+          (unless (equal (car (car llk--event-history-for-tap)) key)
+            (setq llk--event-history-for-tap nil))
+          (push (list key is-press timestamp) llk--event-history-for-tap)
+          (and double
+               (llk--detect-n-tap 2 llk-tap-timeout)
+               (llk--generate-event key 'double-key))
+          (and triple
+               (llk--detect-n-tap 3 (* 2 llk-tap-timeout))
+               (llk--generate-event key 'triple-key)))
+      ;; A non-tap key clears the event history.
+      (setq llk--event-history-for-tap nil))))
+
+(defun llk-handle ()
+  (interactive)
+  (let* ((key (low-level-key-key last-input-event))
+         (modifier (low-level-key-modifier last-input-event))
+         (timestamp (low-level-key-time last-input-event))
+         (is-press (low-level-key-is-key-press last-input-event))
+         (binding (assoc key llk-bindings))
+         (binding-modifier (assoc modifier llk-bindings)))
+    (if binding
+        (llk--generate-events key is-press binding timestamp)
+      (when binding-modifier
+        (llk--generate-events modifier is-press binding-modifier timestamp)))))
+
+(defmacro llk--define-xk (name x-keysym w32-keysym)
   "Internal macro to define keysyms."
   `(let ((ksym (pcase (window-system)
-                 ('pgtk ,x-keysym)
-                 ('x ,x-keysym)
+                 ((or 'pgtk 'x) ,x-keysym)
                  ('w32 ,w32-keysym))))
      (defconst ,name ksym "Constant for a keysym value.")
      (push (cons ksym ',name) llk-keysyms)))
 
-(defun llk-define-keysyms ()
-  "Initialize the keysym list, `llk-keysyms'.
-
-Called from `llk-init'."
+(defun llk--define-keysyms ()
+  "Initialize the keysym list, `llk-keysyms'."
   (setq llk-keysyms nil)
 
   ;; tty keys
-  (define-xk xk-backspace   #xff08 #x08) ;; XK_BackSpace VK_BACK
-  (define-xk xk-tab         #xff09 #x09) ;; XK_Tab VK_TAB
-  (define-xk xk-clear       #xff0b #x0C) ;; XK_Clear VK_CLEAR
-  (define-xk xk-return      #xff0d #x0D) ;; XK_Return VK_RETURN
-  (define-xk xk-pause       #xff13 #x13) ;; XK_Pause VK_PAUSE
-  (define-xk xk-scroll-lock #xff14 #x91) ;; XK_Scroll_Lock VK_SCROLL
-  (define-xk xk-escape      #xff1B #x1B) ;; XK_Escape VK_ESCAPE
-  (define-xk xk-delete      #xffff #x2E) ;; XK_Delete VK_DELETE
+  (llk--define-xk xk-backspace   #xff08 #x08) ;; XK_BackSpace VK_BACK
+  (llk--define-xk xk-tab         #xff09 #x09) ;; XK_Tab VK_TAB
+  (llk--define-xk xk-clear       #xff0b #x0C) ;; XK_Clear VK_CLEAR
+  (llk--define-xk xk-return      #xff0d #x0D) ;; XK_Return VK_RETURN
+  (llk--define-xk xk-pause       #xff13 #x13) ;; XK_Pause VK_PAUSE
+  (llk--define-xk xk-scroll-lock #xff14 #x91) ;; XK_Scroll_Lock VK_SCROLL
+  (llk--define-xk xk-escape      #xff1B #x1B) ;; XK_Escape VK_ESCAPE
+  (llk--define-xk xk-delete      #xffff #x2E) ;; XK_Delete VK_DELETE
 
   ;; Cursor control and motion
-  (define-xk xk-home        #xff50 #x24) ;; XK_Home VK_HOME
-  (define-xk xk-left        #xff51 #x25) ;; XK_Left VK_LEFT
-  (define-xk xk-up          #xff52 #x26) ;; XK_Up VK_UP
-  (define-xk xk-right       #xff53 #x27) ;; XK_Right VK_RIGHT
-  (define-xk xk-down        #xff54 #x28) ;; XK_Down VK_DOWN
-  (define-xk xk-page-up     #xff55 #x21) ;; XK_Page_Up VK_PRIOR
-  (define-xk xk-page-down   #xff56 #x22) ;; XK_Page_Down VK_NEXT
-  (define-xk xk-end         #xff57 #x23) ;; XK_End VK_END
-  (define-xk xk-begin       #xff58 #x24) ;; XK_Begin VK_HOME
+  (llk--define-xk xk-home        #xff50 #x24) ;; XK_Home VK_HOME
+  (llk--define-xk xk-left        #xff51 #x25) ;; XK_Left VK_LEFT
+  (llk--define-xk xk-up          #xff52 #x26) ;; XK_Up VK_UP
+  (llk--define-xk xk-right       #xff53 #x27) ;; XK_Right VK_RIGHT
+  (llk--define-xk xk-down        #xff54 #x28) ;; XK_Down VK_DOWN
+  (llk--define-xk xk-page-up     #xff55 #x21) ;; XK_Page_Up VK_PRIOR
+  (llk--define-xk xk-page-down   #xff56 #x22) ;; XK_Page_Down VK_NEXT
+  (llk--define-xk xk-end         #xff57 #x23) ;; XK_End VK_END
+  (llk--define-xk xk-begin       #xff58 #x24) ;; XK_Begin VK_HOME
 
   ;; Special Windows keyboard keys
-  (define-xk xk-win-l       #xFF5B #x5B) ;; XK_Win_L VK_LWIN
-  (define-xk xk-win-r       #xFF5C #x5C) ;; XK_Win_R VK_RWIN
-  (define-xk xk-app         #xFF5D #x5D) ;; XK_App VK_APPS
+  (llk--define-xk xk-win-l       #xFF5B #x5B) ;; XK_Win_L VK_LWIN
+  (llk--define-xk xk-win-r       #xFF5C #x5C) ;; XK_Win_R VK_RWIN
+  (llk--define-xk xk-app         #xFF5D #x5D) ;; XK_App VK_APPS
 
   ;; Misc functions
-  (define-xk xk-select      #xff60 #x29) ;; XK_Select VK_SELECT
-  (define-xk xk-print       #xff61 #x2A) ;; XK_Print VK_PRINT
-  (define-xk xk-insert      #xff64 #x2D) ;; XK_Insert VK_INSERT
-  (define-xk xk-num-lock    #xff7f #x90) ;; XK_Num_Lock VK_NUMLOCK
+  (llk--define-xk xk-select      #xff60 #x29) ;; XK_Select VK_SELECT
+  (llk--define-xk xk-print       #xff61 #x2A) ;; XK_Print VK_PRINT
+  (llk--define-xk xk-insert      #xff64 #x2D) ;; XK_Insert VK_INSERT
+  (llk--define-xk xk-num-lock    #xff7f #x90) ;; XK_Num_Lock VK_NUMLOCK
 
   ;; Keypad
   ;; TODO: Check values for MS-Windows
-  (define-xk xk-kp-enter    #xff8d nil) ;; XK_KP_Enter ???
-  (define-xk xk-kp-multiply #xffaa nil) ;; XK_KP_Multiply ???
-  (define-xk xk-kp-add      #xffab nil) ;; XK_KP_Add ???
-  (define-xk xk-kp-subtract #xffad nil) ;; XK_KP_Subtract ???
-  (define-xk xk-kp-decimal  #xffae nil) ;; XK_KP_Decimal ???
-  (define-xk xk-kp-divide   #xffaf nil) ;; XK_KP_Divide ???
-  (define-xk xk-kp-0        #xffb0 #x60) ;; XK_KP_0 VK_NUMPAD0
-  (define-xk xk-kp-1        #xffb1 #x61) ;; XK_KP_1 VK_NUMPAD1
-  (define-xk xk-kp-2        #xffb2 #x62) ;; XK_KP_2 VK_NUMPAD2
-  (define-xk xk-kp-3        #xffb3 #x63) ;; XK_KP_3 VK_NUMPAD3
-  (define-xk xk-kp-4        #xffb4 #x64) ;; XK_KP_4 VK_NUMPAD4
-  (define-xk xk-kp-5        #xffb5 #x65) ;; XK_KP_5 VK_NUMPAD5
-  (define-xk xk-kp-6        #xffb6 #x66) ;; XK_KP_6 VK_NUMPAD6
-  (define-xk xk-kp-7        #xffb7 #x67) ;; XK_KP_7 VK_NUMPAD7
-  (define-xk xk-kp-8        #xffb8 #x68) ;; XK_KP_8 VK_NUMPAD8
-  (define-xk xk-kp-9        #xffb9 #x69) ;; XK_KP_9 VK_NUMPAD9
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-enter    #xff8d nil)  ;; XK_KP_Enter ???
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-multiply #xffaa nil)  ;; XK_KP_Multiply ???
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-add      #xffab nil)  ;; XK_KP_Add ???
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-subtract #xffad nil)  ;; XK_KP_Subtract ???
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-decimal  #xffae nil)  ;; XK_KP_Decimal ???
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-divide   #xffaf nil)  ;; XK_KP_Divide ???
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-0        #xffb0 #x60) ;; XK_KP_0 VK_NUMPAD0
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-1        #xffb1 #x61) ;; XK_KP_1 VK_NUMPAD1
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-2        #xffb2 #x62) ;; XK_KP_2 VK_NUMPAD2
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-3        #xffb3 #x63) ;; XK_KP_3 VK_NUMPAD3
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-4        #xffb4 #x64) ;; XK_KP_4 VK_NUMPAD4
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-5        #xffb5 #x65) ;; XK_KP_5 VK_NUMPAD5
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-6        #xffb6 #x66) ;; XK_KP_6 VK_NUMPAD6
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-7        #xffb7 #x67) ;; XK_KP_7 VK_NUMPAD7
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-8        #xffb8 #x68) ;; XK_KP_8 VK_NUMPAD8
+  (llk--define-xk xk-kp-9        #xffb9 #x69) ;; XK_KP_9 VK_NUMPAD9
 
   ;; Function keys
-  (define-xk xk-f1          #xffbe #x70) ;; XK_F1 VK_F1
-  (define-xk xk-f2          #xffbf #x71) ;; XK_F2 VK_F2
-  (define-xk xk-f3          #xffc0 #x72) ;; XK_F3 VK_F3
-  (define-xk xk-f4          #xffc1 #x73) ;; XK_F4 VK_F4
-  (define-xk xk-f5          #xffc2 #x74) ;; XK_F5 VK_F5
-  (define-xk xk-f6          #xffc3 #x75) ;; XK_F6 VK_F6
-  (define-xk xk-f7          #xffc4 #x76) ;; XK_F7 VK_F7
-  (define-xk xk-f8          #xffc5 #x77) ;; XK_F8 VK_F8
-  (define-xk xk-f9          #xffc6 #x78) ;; XK_F9 VK_F9
-  (define-xk xk-f10         #xffc7 #x79) ;; XK_F10 VK_F10
-  (define-xk xk-f11         #xffc8 #x7A) ;; XK_F11 VK_F11
-  (define-xk xk-f12         #xffc9 #x7B) ;; XK_F12 VK_F12
-  (define-xk xk-f13         #xffca #x7C) ;; XK_F13 VK_F13
-  (define-xk xk-f14         #xffcb #x7D) ;; XK_F14 VK_F14
-  (define-xk xk-f15         #xffcc #x7E) ;; XK_F15 VK_F15
-  (define-xk xk-f16         #xffcd #x7F) ;; XK_F16 VK_F16
-  (define-xk xk-f17         #xffce #x80) ;; XK_F17 VK_F17
-  (define-xk xk-f18         #xffcf #x81) ;; XK_F18 VK_F18
-  (define-xk xk-f19         #xffd0 #x82) ;; XK_F19 VK_F19
-  (define-xk xk-f20         #xffd1 #x83) ;; XK_F20 VK_F20
-  (define-xk xk-f21         #xffd2 #x84) ;; XK_F21 VK_F21
-  (define-xk xk-f22         #xffd3 #x85) ;; XK_F22 VK_F22
-  (define-xk xk-f23         #xffd4 #x86) ;; XK_F23 VK_F23
-  (define-xk xk-f24         #xffd5 #x87) ;; XK_F24 VK_F24
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f1          #xffbe #x70) ;; XK_F1 VK_F1
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f2          #xffbf #x71) ;; XK_F2 VK_F2
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f3          #xffc0 #x72) ;; XK_F3 VK_F3
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f4          #xffc1 #x73) ;; XK_F4 VK_F4
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f5          #xffc2 #x74) ;; XK_F5 VK_F5
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f6          #xffc3 #x75) ;; XK_F6 VK_F6
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f7          #xffc4 #x76) ;; XK_F7 VK_F7
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f8          #xffc5 #x77) ;; XK_F8 VK_F8
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f9          #xffc6 #x78) ;; XK_F9 VK_F9
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f10         #xffc7 #x79) ;; XK_F10 VK_F10
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f11         #xffc8 #x7A) ;; XK_F11 VK_F11
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f12         #xffc9 #x7B) ;; XK_F12 VK_F12
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f13         #xffca #x7C) ;; XK_F13 VK_F13
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f14         #xffcb #x7D) ;; XK_F14 VK_F14
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f15         #xffcc #x7E) ;; XK_F15 VK_F15
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f16         #xffcd #x7F) ;; XK_F16 VK_F16
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f17         #xffce #x80) ;; XK_F17 VK_F17
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f18         #xffcf #x81) ;; XK_F18 VK_F18
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f19         #xffd0 #x82) ;; XK_F19 VK_F19
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f20         #xffd1 #x83) ;; XK_F20 VK_F20
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f21         #xffd2 #x84) ;; XK_F21 VK_F21
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f22         #xffd3 #x85) ;; XK_F22 VK_F22
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f23         #xffd4 #x86) ;; XK_F23 VK_F23
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f24         #xffd5 #x87) ;; XK_F24 VK_F24
 
   ;; Modifier keys
-  (define-xk xk-shift-l     #xffe1 #xA0) ;; XK_Shift_L VK_LSHIFT
-  (define-xk xk-shift-r     #xffe2 #xA1) ;; XK_Shift_R VK_RSHIFT
-  (define-xk xk-control-l   #xffe3 #xA2) ;; XK_Control_L VK_LCONTROL
-  (define-xk xk-control-r   #xffe4 #xA3) ;; XK_Control_R VK_RCONTROL
-  (define-xk xk-caps-lock   #xffe5 #x14) ;; XK_Caps_Lock VK_CAPITAL
-  (define-xk xk-metal-l     #xffe7 nil) ;; XK_Meta_L
-  (define-xk xk-metal-t     #xffee nil) ;; XK_Meta_R
-  (define-xk xk-alt-l       #xffe9 #xA4) ;; XK_Alt_L VK_LMENU
-  (define-xk xk-alt-r       #xffea #xA5) ;; XK_Alt_R VK_RMENU
-  (define-xk xk-super-l     #xffeb nil) ;; XK_Super_L
-  (define-xk xk-super-r     #xffec nil) ;; XK_Super_R
-  (define-xk xk-hyper-l     #xffed nil) ;; XK_Hyper_L
-  (define-xk xk-hyper-r     #xffee nil) ;; XK_Hyper_R
+  (llk--define-xk xk-shift-l     #xffe1 #xA0) ;; XK_Shift_L VK_LSHIFT
+  (llk--define-xk xk-shift-r     #xffe2 #xA1) ;; XK_Shift_R VK_RSHIFT
+  (llk--define-xk xk-control-l   #xffe3 #xA2) ;; XK_Control_L VK_LCONTROL
+  (llk--define-xk xk-control-r   #xffe4 #xA3) ;; XK_Control_R VK_RCONTROL
+  (llk--define-xk xk-caps-lock   #xffe5 #x14) ;; XK_Caps_Lock VK_CAPITAL
+  (llk--define-xk xk-meta-l      #xffe7 nil)  ;; XK_Meta_L
+  (llk--define-xk xk-meta-r      #xffee nil)  ;; XK_Meta_R
+  (llk--define-xk xk-alt-l       #xffe9 #xA4) ;; XK_Alt_L VK_LMENU
+  (llk--define-xk xk-alt-r       #xffea #xA5) ;; XK_Alt_R VK_RMENU
+  (llk--define-xk xk-super-l     #xffeb nil)  ;; XK_Super_L
+  (llk--define-xk xk-super-r     #xffec nil)  ;; XK_Super_R
+  (llk--define-xk xk-hyper-l     #xffed nil)  ;; XK_Hyper_L
+  (llk--define-xk xk-hyper-r     #xffee nil)  ;; XK_Hyper_R
 
   ;; Latin 1
   ;; For numbers and letters, MS-Windows does not define constant names.
   ;; X11 defines distinct keysyms for lowercase and uppercase
   ;; letters.  We use only the uppercase ones.  Events with lowercase
   ;; letters are converted to uppercase.
-  (define-xk xk-space       #x0020 #x20) ;; XK_space VK_SPACE
-  (define-xk xk-0           #x0030 #x30) ;; XK_0
-  (define-xk xk-1           #x0031 #x31) ;; XK_1
-  (define-xk xk-2           #x0032 #x32) ;; XK_2
-  (define-xk xk-3           #x0033 #x33) ;; XK_3
-  (define-xk xk-4           #x0034 #x34) ;; XK_4
-  (define-xk xk-5           #x0035 #x35) ;; XK_5
-  (define-xk xk-6           #x0036 #x36) ;; XK_6
-  (define-xk xk-7           #x0037 #x37) ;; XK_7
-  (define-xk xk-8           #x0038 #x38) ;; XK_8
-  (define-xk xk-9           #x0039 #x39) ;; XK_9
-  (define-xk xk-a           #x0041 #x41) ;; XK_A
-  (define-xk xk-b           #x0042 #x42) ;; XK_B
-  (define-xk xk-c           #x0043 #x43) ;; XK_C
-  (define-xk xk-d           #x0044 #x44) ;; XK_D
-  (define-xk xk-e           #x0045 #x45) ;; XK_E
-  (define-xk xk-f           #x0046 #x46) ;; XK_F
-  (define-xk xk-g           #x0047 #x47) ;; XK_G
-  (define-xk xk-h           #x0048 #x48) ;; XK_H
-  (define-xk xk-i           #x0049 #x49) ;; XK_I
-  (define-xk xk-j           #x004A #x4A) ;; XK_J
-  (define-xk xk-k           #x004B #x4B) ;; XK_K
-  (define-xk xk-l           #x004C #x4C) ;; XK_L
-  (define-xk xk-m           #x004D #x4D) ;; XK_M
-  (define-xk xk-n           #x004E #x4E) ;; XK_N
-  (define-xk xk-o           #x004F #x4F) ;; XK_O
-  (define-xk xk-p           #x0050 #x50) ;; XK_P
-  (define-xk xk-q           #x0051 #x51) ;; XK_Q
-  (define-xk xk-r           #x0052 #x52) ;; XK_R
-  (define-xk xk-s           #x0053 #x53) ;; XK_S
-  (define-xk xk-t           #x0054 #x54) ;; XK_T
-  (define-xk xk-u           #x0055 #x55) ;; XK_U
-  (define-xk xk-v           #x0056 #x56) ;; XK_V
-  (define-xk xk-w           #x0057 #x57) ;; XK_W
-  (define-xk xk-x           #x0058 #x58) ;; XK_X
-  (define-xk xk-y           #x0059 #x59) ;; XK_Y
-  (define-xk xk-z           #x005A #x5A));; XK_Z
-
-(defun llk-init ()
-  "Initialize low level key events.
-
-Fills the `llk-keysyms' list, and binds the `low-level-key' event
-to the `llk-handle' function.  Resets the `llk-bindings' list.
-Besides calling this function, you need to set `enable-low-level-key-events'
-to a non-nil value."
-  (interactive)
-  (llk-define-keysyms)
-  (define-key special-event-map [low-level-key] 'llk-handle)
-  (setq llk-bindings nil))
-
-(defsubst event-is-key-press (event)
-  "Return the value of the IS-KEY-PRESS field of the EVENT, a low level key event."
-  (declare (side-effect-free t))
-  (if (consp event) (nth 1 event)))
-
-(defsubst event-keysym (event)
-  "Return the value of the KEY field of the EVENT, a low level key event."
-  (declare (side-effect-free t))
-  (if (consp event) (nth 2 event)))
-
-(defsubst event-modifier (event)
-  "Return the value of the MODIFIER field of the EVENT, a low level key event."
-  (declare (side-effect-free t))
-  (if (consp event) (nth 3 event)))
-
-(defsubst event-time (event)
-  "Return the value of the TIME field of the EVENT, a low level key event."
-  (declare (side-effect-free t))
-  (if (consp event) (nth 4 event)))
-
-;; For example:
-;; Bind key tap to command
-;;    (llk-bind 'tap 'xk-shift-l 'delete-other-windows)
-;; Bind modifier tap to command
-;;     (llk-bind 'tap 'shift 'delete-other-windows)
-;; Bind tap to hyper modifier
-;;      (llk-bind 'tap 'xk-shift-r (lambda ()
-;;                              (message "H-...")
-;;                              (setq unread-command-events
-;;                                    (append (event-apply-hyper-modifier nil) nil))))
-;; Can bind to a command or function
-(defun llk-bind (action key function)
-  "Bind a command or function to a low level key event.
-
-The only action supported currently is `tap'.  The key can be a keysym
-symbol, or a modifier symbol (shift, control, alt, meta, hyper, super).
-If there is no keysym symbol for a key, use the keysym number."
-  (push (list action key function) llk-bindings))
-
-;; We store the last events (key/modifier is-press timestamp) here to
-;; test for multitap.
-(defvar llk-events nil
-  "Internal variable for detecting taps.")
-
-;; If positive, return key (xk-shift-l, etc) else return nil.
-(defun llk-detect-n-tap (n timeout)
-  "Internal function to detect n-tap keys."
-  (let (key
-        (is-press (event-is-key-press last-input-event))
-        ;; convert number to keysym symbol
-        (keysym (cdr (assoc (event-keysym last-input-event) llk-keysyms)))
-        (timestamp (event-time last-input-event))
-        (modifier (event-modifier last-input-event)))
-
-    ;; if ehte is no symbol for this key, use its keysym number
-    (unless keysym (setq keysym (event-keysym last-input-event)))
-
-    ;; look in llk-tap-keys for the key, then the modifier
-    (if (member keysym llk-tap-keys)
-        (setq key keysym)
-      (if (member modifier llk-tap-keys)
-          (setq key modifier)))
-
-    (if (not key)
-        ;; Key not in tap list, clear history
-        (setq llk-events nil)
-      ;; Clear it also if the first element is from a different key
-      (and llk-events
-           (not (equal (car (car llk-events)) key))
-           (setq llk-events nil))
-      (push (list key is-press timestamp) llk-events)
-      ;; Only care about last 2xN events
-      (ntake (* 2 n) llk-events)
-      ;; If we have:
-      ;; - Exactly 2 * n events.
-      ;; - down, up, down, up, ...
-      ;; - not two much time between first and last
-      (and (eq (* 2 n) (length llk-events))
-           (cl-every 'eq
-                     (ntake (* 2 n)
-                            (list nil t nil t nil t nil t
-                                  nil t nil t nil t nil t))
-                     (mapcar 'cl-second llk-events))
-           (< (- (cl-third (cl-first llk-events))
-                 (cl-third (car (last llk-events))))
-              timeout)
-           (progn
-             (setq llk-events nil)
-             key)))))
+  (llk--define-xk xk-space       #x0020 #x20) ;; XK_space VK_SPACE
+  (llk--define-xk xk-0           #x0030 #x30) ;; XK_0
+  (llk--define-xk xk-1           #x0031 #x31) ;; XK_1
+  (llk--define-xk xk-2           #x0032 #x32) ;; XK_2
+  (llk--define-xk xk-3           #x0033 #x33) ;; XK_3
+  (llk--define-xk xk-4           #x0034 #x34) ;; XK_4
+  (llk--define-xk xk-5           #x0035 #x35) ;; XK_5
+  (llk--define-xk xk-6           #x0036 #x36) ;; XK_6
+  (llk--define-xk xk-7           #x0037 #x37) ;; XK_7
+  (llk--define-xk xk-8           #x0038 #x38) ;; XK_8
+  (llk--define-xk xk-9           #x0039 #x39) ;; XK_9
+  (llk--define-xk xk-a           #x0041 #x41) ;; XK_A
+  (llk--define-xk xk-b           #x0042 #x42) ;; XK_B
+  (llk--define-xk xk-c           #x0043 #x43) ;; XK_C
+  (llk--define-xk xk-d           #x0044 #x44) ;; XK_D
+  (llk--define-xk xk-e           #x0045 #x45) ;; XK_E
+  (llk--define-xk xk-f           #x0046 #x46) ;; XK_F
+  (llk--define-xk xk-g           #x0047 #x47) ;; XK_G
+  (llk--define-xk xk-h           #x0048 #x48) ;; XK_H
+  (llk--define-xk xk-i           #x0049 #x49) ;; XK_I
+  (llk--define-xk xk-j           #x004A #x4A) ;; XK_J
+  (llk--define-xk xk-k           #x004B #x4B) ;; XK_K
+  (llk--define-xk xk-l           #x004C #x4C) ;; XK_L
+  (llk--define-xk xk-m           #x004D #x4D) ;; XK_M
+  (llk--define-xk xk-n           #x004E #x4E) ;; XK_N
+  (llk--define-xk xk-o           #x004F #x4F) ;; XK_O
+  (llk--define-xk xk-p           #x0050 #x50) ;; XK_P
+  (llk--define-xk xk-q           #x0051 #x51) ;; XK_Q
+  (llk--define-xk xk-r           #x0052 #x52) ;; XK_R
+  (llk--define-xk xk-s           #x0053 #x53) ;; XK_S
+  (llk--define-xk xk-t           #x0054 #x54) ;; XK_T
+  (llk--define-xk xk-u           #x0055 #x55) ;; XK_U
+  (llk--define-xk xk-v           #x0056 #x56) ;; XK_V
+  (llk--define-xk xk-w           #x0057 #x57) ;; XK_W
+  (llk--define-xk xk-x           #x0058 #x58) ;; XK_X
+  (llk--define-xk xk-y           #x0059 #x59) ;; XK_Y
+  (llk--define-xk xk-z           #x005A #x5A));; XK_Z
 
 (defun describe-low-level-key ()
-  "Wait for key press and describe the low level key event it generates."
+  "Wait for key press and describe the low-level key event it generates."
   (interactive)
-  (setq llk-describe-next-press t))
-
-(defun llk-show-event-description ()
-  "Show information about the last low level key event."
-  (setq llk-describe-next-press nil)
-  (with-help-window (help-buffer)
-    (insert "\n")
-    (let* ((xk (event-keysym last-input-event))
-           (sym (assoc xk llk-keysyms)))
-      (insert (format "Keysym number: %d (#x%X),\n" xk xk))
-      (if sym
-          (insert (format "which corresponds to named key %s.\n\n" (cdr sym)))
-        (insert "which does not correspond to any known named key.\n\n"))
-      (if (event-modifier last-input-event)
-          (insert (format "This key corresponds to the %s modifier.\n\n"
-                          (event-modifier last-input-event)))
-        (insert "This key does not correspond to a modifier.\n\n"))
-      (insert "See the value of the `llk-keysyms' variable for a list of known keys.\n"))))
+  (define-key special-event-map [low-level-key] 'llk--describe))
 
-(defun llk-handle ()
-  "Internal function to handle low level key events."
+(defun llk--describe ()
+  "Internal function for `special-event-map' to describe low level key events."
   (interactive)
-  (if (and (event-is-key-press last-input-event)
-           llk-describe-next-press)
-      (llk-show-event-description)
-    (let ((tap-key (llk-detect-n-tap
-                    llk-tap-count
-                    llk-tap-timeout)))
-      (when tap-key
-        (let ((func (cl-third
-                     (seq-find
-                      (lambda (b)
-                        (and (eq (cl-first b) 'tap)
-                             (eq (cl-second b) tap-key)))
-                      llk-bindings))))
-          (cond
-           ((commandp func) (call-interactively func))
-           ((functionp func) (funcall func))))))))
+  (when (low-level-key-is-key-press last-input-event)
+    (define-key special-event-map [low-level-key] 'llk-handle)
+    (with-help-window (help-buffer)
+      (insert "\n")
+      (let* ((xk (low-level-key-key last-input-event))
+             (sym (assoc xk llk-keysyms)))
+        (insert (format "Keysym number: %d (#x%X),\n" xk xk))
+        (if sym
+            (insert (format "which corresponds to named key %s.\n\n" (cdr sym)))
+          (insert "which does not correspond to any known named key.\n\n"))
+        (if (low-level-key-modifier last-input-event)
+            (insert (format "This key corresponds to the %s modifier.\n\n"
+                            (low-level-key-modifier last-input-event)))
+          (insert "This key does not correspond to a modifier.\n\n"))
+        (insert "See the value of the `llk-keysyms' variable for a list of known keys.\n")))))
+
+(llk--define-keysyms)
+(define-key special-event-map [low-level-key] 'llk-handle)
+(setq llk-bindings nil)