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-rw-r--r--man/ChangeLog35
-rw-r--r--man/screen.texi164
2 files changed, 113 insertions, 86 deletions
diff --git a/man/ChangeLog b/man/ChangeLog
index 209493e0391..1a96ab2018d 100644
--- a/man/ChangeLog
+++ b/man/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,38 @@
12006-01-29 Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
2
3 * screen.texi: Minor cleaups.
4 (Screen): Clean up the intro paragraphs.
5 (Mode Line): Lots of rewriting. Handle frame-name better.
6 eol-mnemonic-... vars moved out.
7
8 * emacs.texi (Top): Change menu item for MS-DOS node.
9 Update subnode menu.
10
11 * msdog.texi (MS-DOS): Rewrite intro to explain how this
12 chapter relates to Windows. Title changed.
13
14 * mini.texi: Minor cleanups.
15
16 * mark.texi (Selective Undo): New node, text moved from basic.texi.
17 (Mark): Put it in the menu.
18
19 * entering.texi: Minor cleanups.
20
21 * emacs.texi (Top): Add xref to Mac chapter; explain Windows better.
22 (Intro): Refer to "graphical" terminals, rather than X.
23
24 * display.texi (Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
25 (Optional Mode Line): eol-mnemonic-... vars moved here.
26
27
28 * commands.texi: Minor cleanups. Refer to "graphical" terminals,
29 rather than X.
30
31 * cc-mode.texi (Indentation Commands): Inserts newline, not "linefeed".
32
33 * basic.texi: Minor cleanups.
34 (Undo): selective-undo moved.
35
12006-01-29 Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org> 362006-01-29 Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
2 37
3 * makefile.w32-in ($(infodir)/erc, erc.dvi): New targets. 38 * makefile.w32-in ($(infodir)/erc, erc.dvi): New targets.
diff --git a/man/screen.texi b/man/screen.texi
index cd8224a6db2..9499e3dfc77 100644
--- a/man/screen.texi
+++ b/man/screen.texi
@@ -6,42 +6,45 @@
6@chapter The Organization of the Screen 6@chapter The Organization of the Screen
7@cindex screen 7@cindex screen
8@cindex parts of the screen 8@cindex parts of the screen
9@c
10 9
11 On a text-only terminal, the Emacs display occupies the whole screen. 10 On a text-only terminal, the Emacs display occupies the whole
12On the X Window System, Emacs creates its own X windows to use. We use 11screen. On a graphical display, such as on GNU/Linux using the X
13the term @dfn{frame} to mean an entire text-only screen or an entire X 12Window System, Emacs creates its own windows to use. We use the term
14window used by Emacs. Emacs uses both kinds of frames in the same way 13@dfn{frame} to mean the entire text-only screen or an entire
15to display your editing. Emacs normally starts out with just one frame, 14system-level window used by Emacs. Emacs uses both kinds of frames,
16but you can create additional frames if you wish. @xref{Frames}. 15in the same way, to display your editing. Emacs normally starts out
17 16with just one frame, but you can create additional frames if you wish.
18 When you start Emacs, the entire frame except for the top and bottom 17@xref{Frames}.
19is devoted to the text you are editing. This area is called the 18
20@dfn{window}. At the top there is normally a @dfn{menu bar} where you 19 When you start Emacs, the main central area of the frame, all except
21can access a series of menus; then there may be a @dfn{tool bar}, a 20for the top and bottom and sides, displays the text you are editing.
22row of icons that perform editing commands if you click on them. 21This area is called @dfn{the window}. At the top there is normally a
23Below this, the window begins. The last line is a special @dfn{echo 22@dfn{menu bar} where you can access a series of menus; then there may
24area} or @dfn{minibuffer window}, where prompts appear and where you 23be a @dfn{tool bar}, a row of icons that perform editing commands if
25enter information when Emacs asks for it. See below for more 24you click on them. Below this, the window begins, often with a
26information about these special lines. 25@dfn{scroll bar} on one side. Below the window comes the last line of
27 26the frame, a special @dfn{echo area} or @dfn{minibuffer window}, where
28 You can subdivide the large text window horizontally or vertically 27prompts appear and where you enter information when Emacs asks for it.
29into multiple text windows, each of which can be used for a different 28See following sections for more information about these special lines.
30file (@pxref{Windows}). In this manual, the word ``window'' always 29
31refers to the subdivisions of a frame within Emacs. 30 You can subdivide the window horizontally or vertically to make
31multiple text windows, each of which can independently display some
32file or text (@pxref{Windows}). In this manual, the word ``window''
33refers to the initial large window if not subdivided, or any one of
34the multiple windows you have subdivided it into.
32 35
33 At any time, one window is the @dfn{selected window}. On graphical 36 At any time, one window is the @dfn{selected window}. On graphical
34terminals, the selected window normally shows a more prominent cursor 37terminals, the selected window normally shows a more prominent cursor
35(solid and blinking) while other windows show a weaker cursor (such as 38(usually solid and blinking) while other windows show a weaker cursor
36a hollow box). On text terminals, which have just one cursor, that cursor 39(such as a hollow box). On text terminals, which have just one
37appears in the selected window. 40cursor, that cursor always appears in the selected window.
38 41
39 Most Emacs commands implicitly apply to the text in the selected 42 Most Emacs commands implicitly apply to the text in the selected
40window (though mouse commands generally operate on whatever window you 43window (though mouse commands generally operate on whatever window you
41click them in, whether selected or not). The other windows display 44click them in, whether selected or not). The text in other windows is
42text for reference only, unless/until you select them. If you use 45mostly visible for reference, unless/until you select them. If you
43multiple frames under the X Window System, then giving the input focus 46use multiple frames on a graphical display, then giving the input
44to a particular frame selects a window in that frame. 47focus to a particular frame selects a window in that frame.
45 48
46 Each window's last line is a @dfn{mode line}, which describes what 49 Each window's last line is a @dfn{mode line}, which describes what
47is going on in that window. It appears in different color and/or a 50is going on in that window. It appears in different color and/or a
@@ -67,9 +70,9 @@ whether the buffer contains unsaved changes.
67editing commands will take effect. This location is called @dfn{point}. 70editing commands will take effect. This location is called @dfn{point}.
68Many Emacs commands move point through the text, so that you can edit at 71Many Emacs commands move point through the text, so that you can edit at
69different places in it. You can also place point by clicking mouse 72different places in it. You can also place point by clicking mouse
70button 1. 73button 1 (normally the left button).
71 74
72 While the cursor appears to point @emph{at} a character, you should 75 While the cursor appears to be @emph{on} a character, you should
73think of point as @emph{between} two characters; it points @emph{before} 76think of point as @emph{between} two characters; it points @emph{before}
74the character that appears under the cursor. For example, if your text 77the character that appears under the cursor. For example, if your text
75looks like @samp{frob} with the cursor over the @samp{b}, then point is 78looks like @samp{frob} with the cursor over the @samp{b}, then point is
@@ -112,7 +115,6 @@ for accessing the value now called ``point.''
112@node Echo Area 115@node Echo Area
113@section The Echo Area 116@section The Echo Area
114@cindex echo area 117@cindex echo area
115@c
116 118
117 The line at the bottom of the frame (below the mode line) is the 119 The line at the bottom of the frame (below the mode line) is the
118@dfn{echo area}. It is used to display small amounts of text for 120@dfn{echo area}. It is used to display small amounts of text for
@@ -133,10 +135,10 @@ feedback. You can change this behavior by setting a variable
133(@pxref{Display Custom}). 135(@pxref{Display Custom}).
134 136
135@cindex error message in the echo area 137@cindex error message in the echo area
136 If a command cannot be executed, it may display an @dfn{error message} 138 If a command cannot do its job, it may display an @dfn{error
137in the echo area. Error messages are accompanied by beeping or by 139message} in the echo area. Error messages are accompanied by beeping
138flashing the screen. The error also discards any input you have typed 140or by flashing the screen. The error also discards any input you have
139ahead. 141typed ahead.
140 142
141 Some commands display informative messages in the echo area. These 143 Some commands display informative messages in the echo area. These
142messages look much like error messages, but they are not announced 144messages look much like error messages, but they are not announced
@@ -149,7 +151,8 @@ to show you a message giving you specific information---for example,
149character position of point in the text and its current column in the 151character position of point in the text and its current column in the
150window. Commands that take a long time often display messages ending 152window. Commands that take a long time often display messages ending
151in @samp{...} while they are working, and add @samp{done} at the end 153in @samp{...} while they are working, and add @samp{done} at the end
152when they are finished. 154when they are finished. They may also indicate progress with
155percentages.
153 156
154@cindex @samp{*Messages*} buffer 157@cindex @samp{*Messages*} buffer
155@cindex saved echo area messages 158@cindex saved echo area messages
@@ -182,19 +185,19 @@ minibuffer by typing @kbd{C-g}. @xref{Minibuffer}.
182@c 185@c
183 186
184 Each text window's last line is a @dfn{mode line}, which describes 187 Each text window's last line is a @dfn{mode line}, which describes
185what is going on in that window. When there is only one text window, 188what is going on in that window. The mode line starts and ends with
186the mode line appears right above the echo area; it is the 189dashes. When there is only one text window, the mode line appears
187next-to-last line in the frame. The mode line starts and ends with 190right above the echo area; it is the next-to-last line in the frame.
188dashes. On a text-mode display, the mode line is in inverse video if 191On a text-mode display, the mode line is in inverse video if the
189the terminal supports that; on a graphics display, the mode line has a 192terminal supports that; on a graphics display, the mode line has a 3D
1903D box appearance to help it stand out. The mode line of the 193box appearance to help it stand out. The mode line of the selected
191selected window has a slightly different appearance than those of 194window has a slightly different appearance than those of other
192other windows; see @ref{Optional Mode Line}, for more about this. 195windows; see @ref{Optional Mode Line}, for more about this.
193 196
194 Normally, the mode line looks like this: 197 Normally, the mode line looks like this:
195 198
196@example 199@example
197-@var{cs}:@var{ch} @var{buf} @var{pos} @var{line} (@var{major} @var{minor})------ 200-@var{cs}:@var{ch}-@var{fr} @var{buf} @var{pos} @var{line} (@var{major} @var{minor})------
198@end example 201@end example
199 202
200@noindent 203@noindent
@@ -208,13 +211,16 @@ been edited (the buffer is ``modified''), or @samp{--} if the buffer has
208not been edited. For a read-only buffer, it is @samp{%*} if the buffer 211not been edited. For a read-only buffer, it is @samp{%*} if the buffer
209is modified, and @samp{%%} otherwise. 212is modified, and @samp{%%} otherwise.
210 213
214 @var{fr} appears only on text-only terminals, to show the selected
215frame name. @xref{Frames}. The initial frame's name is @samp{F1}.
216
211 @var{buf} is the name of the window's @dfn{buffer}. In most cases 217 @var{buf} is the name of the window's @dfn{buffer}. In most cases
212this is the same as the name of a file you are editing. @xref{Buffers}. 218this is the same as the name of a file you are editing. @xref{Buffers}.
213 219
214 The buffer displayed in the selected window (the window that the 220 The buffer displayed in the selected window (the window that the
215cursor is in) is also Emacs's current buffer, the one that editing 221cursor is in) is the @dfn{current buffer}--the one that editing takes
216takes place in. When we speak of what some command does to ``the 222place in. When we speak of what some command does to ``the buffer,''
217buffer,'' we are talking about the current buffer. 223we mean it does those things to the current buffer.
218 224
219 @var{pos} tells you whether there is additional text above the top of 225 @var{pos} tells you whether there is additional text above the top of
220the window, or below the bottom. If your buffer is small and it is all 226the window, or below the bottom. If your buffer is small and it is all
@@ -243,13 +249,13 @@ name. For example, Rmail buffers display the current message number and
243the total number of messages. Compilation buffers and Shell buffers 249the total number of messages. Compilation buffers and Shell buffers
244display the status of the subprocess. 250display the status of the subprocess.
245 251
246 @var{minor} is a list of some of the @dfn{minor modes} that are turned 252 @var{minor} is a list of some of the @dfn{minor modes} that are
247on at the moment in the window's chosen buffer. For example, 253turned on at the moment in the window's chosen buffer. For example,
248@samp{Fill} means that Auto Fill mode is on. @samp{Abbrev} means that 254@samp{Fill} means that Auto Fill mode is on. @samp{Abbrev} means that
249Word Abbrev mode is on. @samp{Ovwrt} means that Overwrite mode is on. 255Word Abbrev mode is on. @samp{Ovwrt} means that Overwrite mode is on.
250@xref{Minor Modes}, for more information. @samp{Narrow} means that the 256@xref{Minor Modes}, for more information. @samp{Narrow} means that
251buffer being displayed has editing restricted to only a portion of its 257the buffer being displayed has editing restricted to only a portion of
252text. This is not really a minor mode, but is like one. 258its text. (This is not really a minor mode, but is like one.)
253@xref{Narrowing}. @samp{Def} means that a keyboard macro is being 259@xref{Narrowing}. @samp{Def} means that a keyboard macro is being
254defined. @xref{Keyboard Macros}. 260defined. @xref{Keyboard Macros}.
255 261
@@ -261,26 +267,22 @@ editing levels affect Emacs globally, not just one buffer, the square
261brackets appear in every window's mode line or not in any of them. 267brackets appear in every window's mode line or not in any of them.
262@xref{Recursive Edit}.@refill 268@xref{Recursive Edit}.@refill
263 269
264 Non-windowing terminals can only show a single Emacs frame at a time
265(@pxref{Frames}). On such terminals, the mode line displays the name of
266the selected frame, after @var{ch}. The initial frame's name is
267@samp{F1}.
268
269 @var{cs} states the coding system used for the file you are editing. 270 @var{cs} states the coding system used for the file you are editing.
270A dash indicates the default state of affairs: no code conversion, 271A dash indicates the default state of affairs: no code conversion,
271except for end-of-line translation if the file contents call for that. 272except for end-of-line translation if the file contents call for that.
272@samp{=} means no conversion whatsoever. Nontrivial code conversions 273@samp{=} means no conversion whatsoever. Nontrivial code conversions
273are represented by various letters---for example, @samp{1} refers to ISO 274are represented by various letters---for example, @samp{1} refers to ISO
274Latin-1. @xref{Coding Systems}, for more information. If you are using 275Latin-1. @xref{Coding Systems}, for more information.
275an input method, a string of the form @samp{@var{i}>} is added to the 276
276beginning of @var{cs}; @var{i} identifies the input method. (Some input 277 On a text-only terminal, @var{cs} includes two additional characters
277methods show @samp{+} or @samp{@@} instead of @samp{>}.) @xref{Input 278which describe the coding system for keyboard input and the coding
278Methods}. 279system for terminal output. They come right before the coding system
280used for the file you are editing.
279 281
280 When you are using a character-only terminal (not a window system), 282 If you are using an input method, a string of the form
281@var{cs} uses three characters to describe, respectively, the coding 283@samp{@var{i}>} is added to the beginning of @var{cs}; @var{i}
282system for keyboard input, the coding system for terminal output, and 284identifies the input method. (Some input methods show @samp{+} or
283the coding system used for the file you are editing. 285@samp{@@} instead of @samp{>}.) @xref{Input Methods}.
284 286
285 When multibyte characters are not enabled, @var{cs} does not appear at 287 When multibyte characters are not enabled, @var{cs} does not appear at
286all. @xref{Enabling Multibyte}. 288all. @xref{Enabling Multibyte}.
@@ -298,22 +300,12 @@ carriage-return, the colon indicator changes to either a forward slash
298@samp{(Unix)} instead of the colon even for files that use newline to 300@samp{(Unix)} instead of the colon even for files that use newline to
299separate lines. 301separate lines.
300 302
301@vindex eol-mnemonic-unix
302@vindex eol-mnemonic-dos
303@vindex eol-mnemonic-mac
304@vindex eol-mnemonic-undecided
305 You can customize the mode line display for each of the end-of-line
306formats by setting each of the variables @code{eol-mnemonic-unix},
307@code{eol-mnemonic-dos}, @code{eol-mnemonic-mac}, and
308@code{eol-mnemonic-undecided} to any string you find appropriate.
309@xref{Variables}, for an explanation of how to set variables.
310
311 @xref{Optional Mode Line}, for features that add other handy 303 @xref{Optional Mode Line}, for features that add other handy
312information to the mode line, such as the size of the buffer, the 304information to the mode line, such as the size of the buffer, the
313current column number of point, the current time, and whether new mail 305current column number of point, and whether new mail for you has
314for you has arrived. 306arrived.
315 307
316The mode line is mouse-sensitive; when you move the mouse across 308 The mode line is mouse-sensitive; when you move the mouse across
317various parts of it, Emacs displays help text to say what a click in 309various parts of it, Emacs displays help text to say what a click in
318that place will do. @xref{Mode Line Mouse}. 310that place will do. @xref{Mode Line Mouse}.
319 311
@@ -328,11 +320,11 @@ them here, as you can more easily see for yourself.
328@kindex M-` 320@kindex M-`
329@kindex F10 321@kindex F10
330@findex tmm-menubar 322@findex tmm-menubar
331 When you are using a window system, you can use the mouse to choose a 323 On a graphical terminal, you can use the mouse to choose a command
332command from the menu bar. An arrow pointing right, after the menu 324from the menu bar. An arrow pointing right, after the menu item,
333item, indicates that the item leads to a subsidiary menu; @samp{...} at 325indicates that the item leads to a subsidiary menu; @samp{...} at the
334the end means that the command will read arguments (further input from you) 326end means that the command will read arguments (further input from
335before it actually does anything. 327you) before it actually does anything.
336 328
337 To view the full command name and documentation for a menu item, type 329 To view the full command name and documentation for a menu item, type
338@kbd{C-h k}, and then select the menu bar with the mouse in the usual 330@kbd{C-h k}, and then select the menu bar with the mouse in the usual