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| -rw-r--r-- | man/ChangeLog | 35 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | man/screen.texi | 164 |
2 files changed, 113 insertions, 86 deletions
diff --git a/man/ChangeLog b/man/ChangeLog index 209493e0391..1a96ab2018d 100644 --- a/man/ChangeLog +++ b/man/ChangeLog | |||
| @@ -1,3 +1,38 @@ | |||
| 1 | 2006-01-29 Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> | ||
| 2 | |||
| 3 | * screen.texi: Minor cleaups. | ||
| 4 | (Screen): Clean up the intro paragraphs. | ||
| 5 | (Mode Line): Lots of rewriting. Handle frame-name better. | ||
| 6 | eol-mnemonic-... vars moved out. | ||
| 7 | |||
| 8 | * emacs.texi (Top): Change menu item for MS-DOS node. | ||
| 9 | Update subnode menu. | ||
| 10 | |||
| 11 | * msdog.texi (MS-DOS): Rewrite intro to explain how this | ||
| 12 | chapter relates to Windows. Title changed. | ||
| 13 | |||
| 14 | * mini.texi: Minor cleanups. | ||
| 15 | |||
| 16 | * mark.texi (Selective Undo): New node, text moved from basic.texi. | ||
| 17 | (Mark): Put it in the menu. | ||
| 18 | |||
| 19 | * entering.texi: Minor cleanups. | ||
| 20 | |||
| 21 | * emacs.texi (Top): Add xref to Mac chapter; explain Windows better. | ||
| 22 | (Intro): Refer to "graphical" terminals, rather than X. | ||
| 23 | |||
| 24 | * display.texi (Display Custom): Add xref to Variables. | ||
| 25 | (Optional Mode Line): eol-mnemonic-... vars moved here. | ||
| 26 | |||
| 27 | |||
| 28 | * commands.texi: Minor cleanups. Refer to "graphical" terminals, | ||
| 29 | rather than X. | ||
| 30 | |||
| 31 | * cc-mode.texi (Indentation Commands): Inserts newline, not "linefeed". | ||
| 32 | |||
| 33 | * basic.texi: Minor cleanups. | ||
| 34 | (Undo): selective-undo moved. | ||
| 35 | |||
| 1 | 2006-01-29 Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org> | 36 | 2006-01-29 Michael Olson <mwolson@gnu.org> |
| 2 | 37 | ||
| 3 | * makefile.w32-in ($(infodir)/erc, erc.dvi): New targets. | 38 | * makefile.w32-in ($(infodir)/erc, erc.dvi): New targets. |
diff --git a/man/screen.texi b/man/screen.texi index cd8224a6db2..9499e3dfc77 100644 --- a/man/screen.texi +++ b/man/screen.texi | |||
| @@ -6,42 +6,45 @@ | |||
| 6 | @chapter The Organization of the Screen | 6 | @chapter The Organization of the Screen |
| 7 | @cindex screen | 7 | @cindex screen |
| 8 | @cindex parts of the screen | 8 | @cindex parts of the screen |
| 9 | @c | ||
| 10 | 9 | ||
| 11 | On a text-only terminal, the Emacs display occupies the whole screen. | 10 | On a text-only terminal, the Emacs display occupies the whole |
| 12 | On the X Window System, Emacs creates its own X windows to use. We use | 11 | screen. On a graphical display, such as on GNU/Linux using the X |
| 13 | the term @dfn{frame} to mean an entire text-only screen or an entire X | 12 | Window System, Emacs creates its own windows to use. We use the term |
| 14 | window used by Emacs. Emacs uses both kinds of frames in the same way | 13 | @dfn{frame} to mean the entire text-only screen or an entire |
| 15 | to display your editing. Emacs normally starts out with just one frame, | 14 | system-level window used by Emacs. Emacs uses both kinds of frames, |
| 16 | but you can create additional frames if you wish. @xref{Frames}. | 15 | in the same way, to display your editing. Emacs normally starts out |
| 17 | 16 | with just one frame, but you can create additional frames if you wish. | |
| 18 | When you start Emacs, the entire frame except for the top and bottom | 17 | @xref{Frames}. |
| 19 | is devoted to the text you are editing. This area is called the | 18 | |
| 20 | @dfn{window}. At the top there is normally a @dfn{menu bar} where you | 19 | When you start Emacs, the main central area of the frame, all except |
| 21 | can access a series of menus; then there may be a @dfn{tool bar}, a | 20 | for the top and bottom and sides, displays the text you are editing. |
| 22 | row of icons that perform editing commands if you click on them. | 21 | This area is called @dfn{the window}. At the top there is normally a |
| 23 | Below this, the window begins. The last line is a special @dfn{echo | 22 | @dfn{menu bar} where you can access a series of menus; then there may |
| 24 | area} or @dfn{minibuffer window}, where prompts appear and where you | 23 | be a @dfn{tool bar}, a row of icons that perform editing commands if |
| 25 | enter information when Emacs asks for it. See below for more | 24 | you click on them. Below this, the window begins, often with a |
| 26 | information about these special lines. | 25 | @dfn{scroll bar} on one side. Below the window comes the last line of |
| 27 | 26 | the frame, a special @dfn{echo area} or @dfn{minibuffer window}, where | |
| 28 | You can subdivide the large text window horizontally or vertically | 27 | prompts appear and where you enter information when Emacs asks for it. |
| 29 | into multiple text windows, each of which can be used for a different | 28 | See following sections for more information about these special lines. |
| 30 | file (@pxref{Windows}). In this manual, the word ``window'' always | 29 | |
| 31 | refers to the subdivisions of a frame within Emacs. | 30 | You can subdivide the window horizontally or vertically to make |
| 31 | multiple text windows, each of which can independently display some | ||
| 32 | file or text (@pxref{Windows}). In this manual, the word ``window'' | ||
| 33 | refers to the initial large window if not subdivided, or any one of | ||
| 34 | the multiple windows you have subdivided it into. | ||
| 32 | 35 | ||
| 33 | At any time, one window is the @dfn{selected window}. On graphical | 36 | At any time, one window is the @dfn{selected window}. On graphical |
| 34 | terminals, the selected window normally shows a more prominent cursor | 37 | terminals, the selected window normally shows a more prominent cursor |
| 35 | (solid and blinking) while other windows show a weaker cursor (such as | 38 | (usually solid and blinking) while other windows show a weaker cursor |
| 36 | a hollow box). On text terminals, which have just one cursor, that cursor | 39 | (such as a hollow box). On text terminals, which have just one |
| 37 | appears in the selected window. | 40 | cursor, that cursor always appears in the selected window. |
| 38 | 41 | ||
| 39 | Most Emacs commands implicitly apply to the text in the selected | 42 | Most Emacs commands implicitly apply to the text in the selected |
| 40 | window (though mouse commands generally operate on whatever window you | 43 | window (though mouse commands generally operate on whatever window you |
| 41 | click them in, whether selected or not). The other windows display | 44 | click them in, whether selected or not). The text in other windows is |
| 42 | text for reference only, unless/until you select them. If you use | 45 | mostly visible for reference, unless/until you select them. If you |
| 43 | multiple frames under the X Window System, then giving the input focus | 46 | use multiple frames on a graphical display, then giving the input |
| 44 | to a particular frame selects a window in that frame. | 47 | focus to a particular frame selects a window in that frame. |
| 45 | 48 | ||
| 46 | Each window's last line is a @dfn{mode line}, which describes what | 49 | Each window's last line is a @dfn{mode line}, which describes what |
| 47 | is going on in that window. It appears in different color and/or a | 50 | is going on in that window. It appears in different color and/or a |
| @@ -67,9 +70,9 @@ whether the buffer contains unsaved changes. | |||
| 67 | editing commands will take effect. This location is called @dfn{point}. | 70 | editing commands will take effect. This location is called @dfn{point}. |
| 68 | Many Emacs commands move point through the text, so that you can edit at | 71 | Many Emacs commands move point through the text, so that you can edit at |
| 69 | different places in it. You can also place point by clicking mouse | 72 | different places in it. You can also place point by clicking mouse |
| 70 | button 1. | 73 | button 1 (normally the left button). |
| 71 | 74 | ||
| 72 | While the cursor appears to point @emph{at} a character, you should | 75 | While the cursor appears to be @emph{on} a character, you should |
| 73 | think of point as @emph{between} two characters; it points @emph{before} | 76 | think of point as @emph{between} two characters; it points @emph{before} |
| 74 | the character that appears under the cursor. For example, if your text | 77 | the character that appears under the cursor. For example, if your text |
| 75 | looks like @samp{frob} with the cursor over the @samp{b}, then point is | 78 | looks like @samp{frob} with the cursor over the @samp{b}, then point is |
| @@ -112,7 +115,6 @@ for accessing the value now called ``point.'' | |||
| 112 | @node Echo Area | 115 | @node Echo Area |
| 113 | @section The Echo Area | 116 | @section The Echo Area |
| 114 | @cindex echo area | 117 | @cindex echo area |
| 115 | @c | ||
| 116 | 118 | ||
| 117 | The line at the bottom of the frame (below the mode line) is the | 119 | The line at the bottom of the frame (below the mode line) is the |
| 118 | @dfn{echo area}. It is used to display small amounts of text for | 120 | @dfn{echo area}. It is used to display small amounts of text for |
| @@ -133,10 +135,10 @@ feedback. You can change this behavior by setting a variable | |||
| 133 | (@pxref{Display Custom}). | 135 | (@pxref{Display Custom}). |
| 134 | 136 | ||
| 135 | @cindex error message in the echo area | 137 | @cindex error message in the echo area |
| 136 | If a command cannot be executed, it may display an @dfn{error message} | 138 | If a command cannot do its job, it may display an @dfn{error |
| 137 | in the echo area. Error messages are accompanied by beeping or by | 139 | message} in the echo area. Error messages are accompanied by beeping |
| 138 | flashing the screen. The error also discards any input you have typed | 140 | or by flashing the screen. The error also discards any input you have |
| 139 | ahead. | 141 | typed ahead. |
| 140 | 142 | ||
| 141 | Some commands display informative messages in the echo area. These | 143 | Some commands display informative messages in the echo area. These |
| 142 | messages look much like error messages, but they are not announced | 144 | messages look much like error messages, but they are not announced |
| @@ -149,7 +151,8 @@ to show you a message giving you specific information---for example, | |||
| 149 | character position of point in the text and its current column in the | 151 | character position of point in the text and its current column in the |
| 150 | window. Commands that take a long time often display messages ending | 152 | window. Commands that take a long time often display messages ending |
| 151 | in @samp{...} while they are working, and add @samp{done} at the end | 153 | in @samp{...} while they are working, and add @samp{done} at the end |
| 152 | when they are finished. | 154 | when they are finished. They may also indicate progress with |
| 155 | percentages. | ||
| 153 | 156 | ||
| 154 | @cindex @samp{*Messages*} buffer | 157 | @cindex @samp{*Messages*} buffer |
| 155 | @cindex saved echo area messages | 158 | @cindex saved echo area messages |
| @@ -182,19 +185,19 @@ minibuffer by typing @kbd{C-g}. @xref{Minibuffer}. | |||
| 182 | @c | 185 | @c |
| 183 | 186 | ||
| 184 | Each text window's last line is a @dfn{mode line}, which describes | 187 | Each text window's last line is a @dfn{mode line}, which describes |
| 185 | what is going on in that window. When there is only one text window, | 188 | what is going on in that window. The mode line starts and ends with |
| 186 | the mode line appears right above the echo area; it is the | 189 | dashes. When there is only one text window, the mode line appears |
| 187 | next-to-last line in the frame. The mode line starts and ends with | 190 | right above the echo area; it is the next-to-last line in the frame. |
| 188 | dashes. On a text-mode display, the mode line is in inverse video if | 191 | On a text-mode display, the mode line is in inverse video if the |
| 189 | the terminal supports that; on a graphics display, the mode line has a | 192 | terminal supports that; on a graphics display, the mode line has a 3D |
| 190 | 3D box appearance to help it stand out. The mode line of the | 193 | box appearance to help it stand out. The mode line of the selected |
| 191 | selected window has a slightly different appearance than those of | 194 | window has a slightly different appearance than those of other |
| 192 | other windows; see @ref{Optional Mode Line}, for more about this. | 195 | windows; see @ref{Optional Mode Line}, for more about this. |
| 193 | 196 | ||
| 194 | Normally, the mode line looks like this: | 197 | Normally, the mode line looks like this: |
| 195 | 198 | ||
| 196 | @example | 199 | @example |
| 197 | -@var{cs}:@var{ch} @var{buf} @var{pos} @var{line} (@var{major} @var{minor})------ | 200 | -@var{cs}:@var{ch}-@var{fr} @var{buf} @var{pos} @var{line} (@var{major} @var{minor})------ |
| 198 | @end example | 201 | @end example |
| 199 | 202 | ||
| 200 | @noindent | 203 | @noindent |
| @@ -208,13 +211,16 @@ been edited (the buffer is ``modified''), or @samp{--} if the buffer has | |||
| 208 | not been edited. For a read-only buffer, it is @samp{%*} if the buffer | 211 | not been edited. For a read-only buffer, it is @samp{%*} if the buffer |
| 209 | is modified, and @samp{%%} otherwise. | 212 | is modified, and @samp{%%} otherwise. |
| 210 | 213 | ||
| 214 | @var{fr} appears only on text-only terminals, to show the selected | ||
| 215 | frame name. @xref{Frames}. The initial frame's name is @samp{F1}. | ||
| 216 | |||
| 211 | @var{buf} is the name of the window's @dfn{buffer}. In most cases | 217 | @var{buf} is the name of the window's @dfn{buffer}. In most cases |
| 212 | this is the same as the name of a file you are editing. @xref{Buffers}. | 218 | this is the same as the name of a file you are editing. @xref{Buffers}. |
| 213 | 219 | ||
| 214 | The buffer displayed in the selected window (the window that the | 220 | The buffer displayed in the selected window (the window that the |
| 215 | cursor is in) is also Emacs's current buffer, the one that editing | 221 | cursor is in) is the @dfn{current buffer}--the one that editing takes |
| 216 | takes place in. When we speak of what some command does to ``the | 222 | place in. When we speak of what some command does to ``the buffer,'' |
| 217 | buffer,'' we are talking about the current buffer. | 223 | we mean it does those things to the current buffer. |
| 218 | 224 | ||
| 219 | @var{pos} tells you whether there is additional text above the top of | 225 | @var{pos} tells you whether there is additional text above the top of |
| 220 | the window, or below the bottom. If your buffer is small and it is all | 226 | the window, or below the bottom. If your buffer is small and it is all |
| @@ -243,13 +249,13 @@ name. For example, Rmail buffers display the current message number and | |||
| 243 | the total number of messages. Compilation buffers and Shell buffers | 249 | the total number of messages. Compilation buffers and Shell buffers |
| 244 | display the status of the subprocess. | 250 | display the status of the subprocess. |
| 245 | 251 | ||
| 246 | @var{minor} is a list of some of the @dfn{minor modes} that are turned | 252 | @var{minor} is a list of some of the @dfn{minor modes} that are |
| 247 | on at the moment in the window's chosen buffer. For example, | 253 | turned on at the moment in the window's chosen buffer. For example, |
| 248 | @samp{Fill} means that Auto Fill mode is on. @samp{Abbrev} means that | 254 | @samp{Fill} means that Auto Fill mode is on. @samp{Abbrev} means that |
| 249 | Word Abbrev mode is on. @samp{Ovwrt} means that Overwrite mode is on. | 255 | Word Abbrev mode is on. @samp{Ovwrt} means that Overwrite mode is on. |
| 250 | @xref{Minor Modes}, for more information. @samp{Narrow} means that the | 256 | @xref{Minor Modes}, for more information. @samp{Narrow} means that |
| 251 | buffer being displayed has editing restricted to only a portion of its | 257 | the buffer being displayed has editing restricted to only a portion of |
| 252 | text. This is not really a minor mode, but is like one. | 258 | its text. (This is not really a minor mode, but is like one.) |
| 253 | @xref{Narrowing}. @samp{Def} means that a keyboard macro is being | 259 | @xref{Narrowing}. @samp{Def} means that a keyboard macro is being |
| 254 | defined. @xref{Keyboard Macros}. | 260 | defined. @xref{Keyboard Macros}. |
| 255 | 261 | ||
| @@ -261,26 +267,22 @@ editing levels affect Emacs globally, not just one buffer, the square | |||
| 261 | brackets appear in every window's mode line or not in any of them. | 267 | brackets appear in every window's mode line or not in any of them. |
| 262 | @xref{Recursive Edit}.@refill | 268 | @xref{Recursive Edit}.@refill |
| 263 | 269 | ||
| 264 | Non-windowing terminals can only show a single Emacs frame at a time | ||
| 265 | (@pxref{Frames}). On such terminals, the mode line displays the name of | ||
| 266 | the selected frame, after @var{ch}. The initial frame's name is | ||
| 267 | @samp{F1}. | ||
| 268 | |||
| 269 | @var{cs} states the coding system used for the file you are editing. | 270 | @var{cs} states the coding system used for the file you are editing. |
| 270 | A dash indicates the default state of affairs: no code conversion, | 271 | A dash indicates the default state of affairs: no code conversion, |
| 271 | except for end-of-line translation if the file contents call for that. | 272 | except for end-of-line translation if the file contents call for that. |
| 272 | @samp{=} means no conversion whatsoever. Nontrivial code conversions | 273 | @samp{=} means no conversion whatsoever. Nontrivial code conversions |
| 273 | are represented by various letters---for example, @samp{1} refers to ISO | 274 | are represented by various letters---for example, @samp{1} refers to ISO |
| 274 | Latin-1. @xref{Coding Systems}, for more information. If you are using | 275 | Latin-1. @xref{Coding Systems}, for more information. |
| 275 | an input method, a string of the form @samp{@var{i}>} is added to the | 276 | |
| 276 | beginning of @var{cs}; @var{i} identifies the input method. (Some input | 277 | On a text-only terminal, @var{cs} includes two additional characters |
| 277 | methods show @samp{+} or @samp{@@} instead of @samp{>}.) @xref{Input | 278 | which describe the coding system for keyboard input and the coding |
| 278 | Methods}. | 279 | system for terminal output. They come right before the coding system |
| 280 | used for the file you are editing. | ||
| 279 | 281 | ||
| 280 | When you are using a character-only terminal (not a window system), | 282 | If you are using an input method, a string of the form |
| 281 | @var{cs} uses three characters to describe, respectively, the coding | 283 | @samp{@var{i}>} is added to the beginning of @var{cs}; @var{i} |
| 282 | system for keyboard input, the coding system for terminal output, and | 284 | identifies the input method. (Some input methods show @samp{+} or |
| 283 | the coding system used for the file you are editing. | 285 | @samp{@@} instead of @samp{>}.) @xref{Input Methods}. |
| 284 | 286 | ||
| 285 | When multibyte characters are not enabled, @var{cs} does not appear at | 287 | When multibyte characters are not enabled, @var{cs} does not appear at |
| 286 | all. @xref{Enabling Multibyte}. | 288 | all. @xref{Enabling Multibyte}. |
| @@ -298,22 +300,12 @@ carriage-return, the colon indicator changes to either a forward slash | |||
| 298 | @samp{(Unix)} instead of the colon even for files that use newline to | 300 | @samp{(Unix)} instead of the colon even for files that use newline to |
| 299 | separate lines. | 301 | separate lines. |
| 300 | 302 | ||
| 301 | @vindex eol-mnemonic-unix | ||
| 302 | @vindex eol-mnemonic-dos | ||
| 303 | @vindex eol-mnemonic-mac | ||
| 304 | @vindex eol-mnemonic-undecided | ||
| 305 | You can customize the mode line display for each of the end-of-line | ||
| 306 | formats by setting each of the variables @code{eol-mnemonic-unix}, | ||
| 307 | @code{eol-mnemonic-dos}, @code{eol-mnemonic-mac}, and | ||
| 308 | @code{eol-mnemonic-undecided} to any string you find appropriate. | ||
| 309 | @xref{Variables}, for an explanation of how to set variables. | ||
| 310 | |||
| 311 | @xref{Optional Mode Line}, for features that add other handy | 303 | @xref{Optional Mode Line}, for features that add other handy |
| 312 | information to the mode line, such as the size of the buffer, the | 304 | information to the mode line, such as the size of the buffer, the |
| 313 | current column number of point, the current time, and whether new mail | 305 | current column number of point, and whether new mail for you has |
| 314 | for you has arrived. | 306 | arrived. |
| 315 | 307 | ||
| 316 | The mode line is mouse-sensitive; when you move the mouse across | 308 | The mode line is mouse-sensitive; when you move the mouse across |
| 317 | various parts of it, Emacs displays help text to say what a click in | 309 | various parts of it, Emacs displays help text to say what a click in |
| 318 | that place will do. @xref{Mode Line Mouse}. | 310 | that place will do. @xref{Mode Line Mouse}. |
| 319 | 311 | ||
| @@ -328,11 +320,11 @@ them here, as you can more easily see for yourself. | |||
| 328 | @kindex M-` | 320 | @kindex M-` |
| 329 | @kindex F10 | 321 | @kindex F10 |
| 330 | @findex tmm-menubar | 322 | @findex tmm-menubar |
| 331 | When you are using a window system, you can use the mouse to choose a | 323 | On a graphical terminal, you can use the mouse to choose a command |
| 332 | command from the menu bar. An arrow pointing right, after the menu | 324 | from the menu bar. An arrow pointing right, after the menu item, |
| 333 | item, indicates that the item leads to a subsidiary menu; @samp{...} at | 325 | indicates that the item leads to a subsidiary menu; @samp{...} at the |
| 334 | the end means that the command will read arguments (further input from you) | 326 | end means that the command will read arguments (further input from |
| 335 | before it actually does anything. | 327 | you) before it actually does anything. |
| 336 | 328 | ||
| 337 | To view the full command name and documentation for a menu item, type | 329 | To view the full command name and documentation for a menu item, type |
| 338 | @kbd{C-h k}, and then select the menu bar with the mouse in the usual | 330 | @kbd{C-h k}, and then select the menu bar with the mouse in the usual |