Prefer directed to neutral quotes

Prefer directed to neutral quotes in docstings and diagnostics.
In docstrings, escape apostrophes that would otherwise be translated
to curved quotes using the newer, simpler rules.
* admin/unidata/unidata-gen.el (unidata-gen-table):
* lisp/align.el (align-region):
* lisp/allout.el (allout-mode, allout-solicit-alternate-bullet):
* lisp/bookmark.el (bookmark-default-annotation-text):
* lisp/calc/calc-aent.el (math-read-if, math-read-factor):
* lisp/calc/calc-lang.el (math-read-giac-subscr)
(math-read-math-subscr):
* lisp/calc/calc-misc.el (report-calc-bug):
* lisp/calc/calc-prog.el (calc-fix-token-name)
(calc-read-parse-table-part):
* lisp/cedet/ede/pmake.el (ede-proj-makefile-insert-dist-rules):
* lisp/cedet/semantic/complete.el (semantic-displayor-show-request):
* lisp/dabbrev.el (dabbrev-expand):
* lisp/emacs-lisp/checkdoc.el (checkdoc-this-string-valid-engine):
* lisp/emacs-lisp/elint.el (elint-get-top-forms):
* lisp/emacs-lisp/lisp-mnt.el (lm-verify):
* lisp/emulation/viper-cmd.el (viper-toggle-search-style):
* lisp/erc/erc-button.el (erc-nick-popup):
* lisp/erc/erc.el (erc-cmd-LOAD, erc-handle-login):
* lisp/eshell/em-dirs.el (eshell/cd):
* lisp/eshell/em-glob.el (eshell-glob-regexp):
* lisp/eshell/em-pred.el (eshell-parse-modifiers):
* lisp/eshell/esh-arg.el (eshell-parse-arguments):
* lisp/eshell/esh-opt.el (eshell-show-usage):
* lisp/files-x.el (modify-file-local-variable):
* lisp/filesets.el (filesets-add-buffer, filesets-remove-buffer)
(filesets-update-pre010505):
* lisp/find-cmd.el (find-generic, find-to-string):
* lisp/gnus/auth-source.el (auth-source-netrc-parse-entries):
* lisp/gnus/gnus-agent.el (gnus-agent-check-overview-buffer)
(gnus-agent-fetch-headers):
* lisp/gnus/gnus-int.el (gnus-start-news-server):
* lisp/gnus/gnus-registry.el:
(gnus-registry--split-fancy-with-parent-internal):
* lisp/gnus/gnus-score.el (gnus-summary-increase-score):
* lisp/gnus/gnus-start.el (gnus-convert-old-newsrc):
* lisp/gnus/gnus-topic.el (gnus-topic-rename):
* lisp/gnus/legacy-gnus-agent.el (gnus-agent-unlist-expire-days):
* lisp/gnus/nnmairix.el (nnmairix-widget-create-query):
* lisp/gnus/spam.el (spam-check-blackholes):
* lisp/mail/feedmail.el (feedmail-run-the-queue):
* lisp/mpc.el (mpc-playlist-rename):
* lisp/net/ange-ftp.el (ange-ftp-shell-command):
* lisp/net/mairix.el (mairix-widget-create-query):
* lisp/net/tramp-cache.el:
* lisp/obsolete/otodo-mode.el (todo-more-important-p):
* lisp/obsolete/pgg-gpg.el (pgg-gpg-process-region):
* lisp/obsolete/pgg-pgp.el (pgg-pgp-process-region):
* lisp/obsolete/pgg-pgp5.el (pgg-pgp5-process-region):
* lisp/org/ob-core.el (org-babel-goto-named-src-block)
(org-babel-goto-named-result):
* lisp/org/ob-fortran.el (org-babel-fortran-ensure-main-wrap):
* lisp/org/ob-ref.el (org-babel-ref-resolve):
* lisp/org/org-agenda.el (org-agenda-prepare):
* lisp/org/org-bibtex.el (org-bibtex-fields):
* lisp/org/org-clock.el (org-clock-notify-once-if-expired)
(org-clock-resolve):
* lisp/org/org-feed.el (org-feed-parse-atom-entry):
* lisp/org/org-habit.el (org-habit-parse-todo):
* lisp/org/org-mouse.el (org-mouse-popup-global-menu)
(org-mouse-context-menu):
* lisp/org/org-table.el (org-table-edit-formulas):
* lisp/org/ox.el (org-export-async-start):
* lisp/play/dunnet.el (dun-score, dun-help, dun-endgame-question)
(dun-rooms, dun-endgame-questions):
* lisp/progmodes/ada-mode.el (ada-goto-matching-start):
* lisp/progmodes/ada-xref.el (ada-find-executable):
* lisp/progmodes/antlr-mode.el (antlr-options-alists):
* lisp/progmodes/flymake.el (flymake-parse-err-lines)
(flymake-start-syntax-check-process):
* lisp/progmodes/python.el (python-define-auxiliary-skeleton):
* lisp/progmodes/sql.el (sql-comint):
* lisp/progmodes/verilog-mode.el (verilog-load-file-at-point):
* lisp/server.el (server-get-auth-key):
* lisp/subr.el (version-to-list):
* lisp/textmodes/reftex-ref.el (reftex-label):
* lisp/textmodes/reftex-toc.el (reftex-toc-rename-label):
* lisp/vc/ediff-diff.el (ediff-same-contents):
* lisp/vc/vc-cvs.el (vc-cvs-mode-line-string):
* test/automated/tramp-tests.el (tramp-test33-asynchronous-requests):
Use directed rather than neutral quotes in diagnostics.

8 files changed, 97 insertions, 97 deletions

diff --git a/lisp/leim/quail/cyrillic.el b/lisp/leim/quail/cyrillic.el
index ecee2434373..89a58cfba79 100644
--- a/lisp/leim/quail/cyrillic.el
+++ b/lisp/leim/quail/cyrillic.el
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@
  "cyrillic-ukrainian" "Ukrainian" "ЖU" nil
  "ЄЇЕРТЗ-ІЎ UKRAINIAN
 
-Sorry, but 'ghe with upturn' is not included in ISO 8859-5."
+Sorry, but `ghe with upturn' is not included in ISO 8859-5."
  nil t t t t nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 ;;  1! 2" 3# 4$ 5% 6& 7' 8( 9) 0= /? +* <>
@@ -839,7 +839,7 @@ Sorry, but 'ghe with upturn' is not included in ISO 8859-5."
  "ЯВЕРТЫ Roman transcription
 
 This layout is based on Roman transcription by phonemic resemblance.
-When preceded by a '/', the second and the third rows (number key row) change
+When preceded by a ‘/’, the second and the third rows (number key row) change
 as follows.
 
   keytop | Q  W  E  R  T  Y  U  I  O  P  A  S  D
@@ -1007,14 +1007,14 @@ are included.  Should handle most cases.  However:
   э (REVERSE ROUNDED E) = \"e\\\"
   х (KHA) when after с (S) = \"x\" or \"kh\"
   ъ (HARD SIGN) = \"~\", Ъ (CAPITAL HARD SIGN) = \"~~\",
-  ь (SOFT SIGN) = \"'\", Ь (CAPITAL SOFT SIGN) = \"''\",
+  ь (SOFT SIGN) = \"\\='\", Ь (CAPITAL SOFT SIGN) = \"\\='\\='\",
   я (YA) = \"ya\", \"ja\" or \"q\".
 
-Russian alphabet: a b v=w g d e yo=jo zh z i j=j' k l m n o p r s t
-u f h=kh=x c ch sh shch=sj=/s=/sht ~ y ' e\\ yu=ju ya=ja=q
+Russian alphabet: a b v=w g d e yo=jo zh z i j=j\\=' k l m n o p r s t
+u f h=kh=x c ch sh shch=sj=/s=/sht ~ y \\=' e\\ yu=ju ya=ja=q
 
 Also included are Ukrainian є (YE) = \"/e\", ї (YI) = \"yi\",
-ґ (GHE WITH UPTURN) = \"g'\",
+ґ (GHE WITH UPTURN) = \"g\\='\",
 Belarusian ў (SHORT U) = \"u~\",
 Serbo-Croatian ђ (DJE) = \"/d\", ћ (CHJE)= \"/ch\",
 Macedonian ѓ (GJE) = \"/g\", ѕ (DZE) = \"/s\", ќ (KJE) = \"/k\",
@@ -1410,7 +1410,7 @@ This keyboard layout is standard for Bulgarian typewriters.
 The letters Ц, М, Ч, Р, Л, Б and Ы are not affected by Caps Lock.
 
 In addition to original Bulgarian typewriter layout, keys \\ and |
-are transformed into ' and Ы respectively.  Some keyboards mark these
+are transformed into \\=' and Ы respectively.  Some keyboards mark these
 keys as being transformed into ( and ) respectively.  For ( and ), use
 \\=` and ~ respectively.  This input method follows XKB."
  nil t t t t nil nil nil nil nil t)
diff --git a/lisp/leim/quail/greek.el b/lisp/leim/quail/greek.el
index cf991502e28..1dfc93aa936 100644
--- a/lisp/leim/quail/greek.el
+++ b/lisp/leim/quail/greek.el
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ koppa		&		%
 mark            key
 ------------------------
 ypogegrammeni   J
-psili           '  or  v
+psili           \\='  or  v
 dasia           \\=`  or  V
 oxia            /
 varia           ?
@@ -461,9 +461,9 @@ mark		key
 ypogegrammeni   |
 psili           >
 dasia           <
-oxia            '
-koronis         ''
-varia           `
+oxia            \\='
+koronis         \\='\\='
+varia           \\=`
 perispomeni     ~
 dialytika       \"
 ano teleia      ;
diff --git a/lisp/leim/quail/hebrew.el b/lisp/leim/quail/hebrew.el
index 1601e1e05d0..ac67fbfe5a7 100644
--- a/lisp/leim/quail/hebrew.el
+++ b/lisp/leim/quail/hebrew.el
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@
 
 Based on SI-1452 keyboard layout.
 Only Hebrew-related characters are considered.
- 'q' is used to switch levels instead of Alt-Gr.
- Maqaaf (־) is mapped to '/פ'.
+ ‘q’ is used to switch levels instead of Alt-Gr.
+ Maqaaf (־) is mapped to ‘/פ’.
 " nil t t t t nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -457,8 +457,8 @@ Provides access to all Hebrew characters suitable to Modern Hebrew.
 
 Based on Society of Biblical Literature's Tiro keyboard layout.
 Not suitable for modern Hebrew input.
- 'q' is used to switch levels instead of Alt-Gr.
- Combining dot above (Called Masora dot) (̇) is mapped to 'q1'.
+ ‘q’ is used to switch levels instead of Alt-Gr.
+ Combining dot above (Called Masora dot) (̇) is mapped to ‘q1’.
 " nil t t t t nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
diff --git a/lisp/leim/quail/latin-alt.el b/lisp/leim/quail/latin-alt.el
index 0614ecb76e1..935a471dce8 100644
--- a/lisp/leim/quail/latin-alt.el
+++ b/lisp/leim/quail/latin-alt.el
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ special (so you can use that to enter a slash).
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   grave      |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> à
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ It seems natural to use comma for cedillas, but that is
 inconvenient in practice because commas are needed very
 often after a letter.
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ comma and period are not special (use \\=` instead).
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   ogonek     |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> ą
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ It seems natural to use period and comma for dots/rings and
 cedillas/ogoneks, but that is inconvenient in practice, because
 periods and commas are needed very often after a letter.
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ special (use slash instead).
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   grave      |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> à
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ It would be natural to use period and comma for dots and cedillas, but
 that would inconvenient in practice, because periods and commas are
 needed very often after a letter.
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ special (use ~ instead).
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
   ogonek     |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> ą
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ It seems natural to use period and comma for dots and
 cedillas/ogoneks, but that is inconvenient in practice, because
 periods and commas are needed very often after a letter.
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ special (use / instead).
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   grave      |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> à
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ It seems natural to use period and comma for dots and cedillas, but
 that is inconvenient in practice, because periods and commas are
 needed very often after a letter.
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -930,13 +930,13 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
  "french-alt-postfix" "French" "FR<" t
  "French (Français) input method with postfix modifiers
 
-\\=` pour grave, ' pour aigu, ^ pour circonflexe, et \" pour tréma.
-Par exemple: a\\=` -> à   e' -> é.
+\\=` pour grave, \\=' pour aigu, ^ pour circonflexe, et \" pour tréma.
+Par exemple: a\\=` -> à   e\\=' -> é.
 
 Ç, «, et » sont produits par C/, <<, et >>.
 
 En doublant la frappe des diacritiques, ils s'isoleront de la lettre.
-Par exemple: e'' -> e'
+Par exemple: e\\='\\=' -> e\\='
 
 Πest produit par O/."
  nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
@@ -1011,11 +1011,11 @@ Par exemple: e'' -> e'
  "italian-alt-postfix" "Latin-1" "IT<" t
  "Italian (Italiano) input method with postfix modifiers
 
-a' -> á    A' -> Á    a\\=` -> à    A\\=` -> À    i^ -> î    << -> «
-e' -> é    E' -> É    e\\=` -> è    E\\=` -> È    I^ -> Î    >> -> »
-i' -> í    I' -> Í    i\\=` -> ì    I\\=` -> Ì               o_ -> º
-o' -> ó    O' -> Ó    o\\=` -> ò    O\\=` -> Ò               a_ -> ª
-u' -> ú    U' -> Ú    u\\=` -> ù    U\\=` -> Ù
+a\\=' -> á    A\\=' -> Á    a\\=` -> à    A\\=` -> À    i^ -> î    << -> «
+e\\=' -> é    E\\=' -> É    e\\=` -> è    E\\=` -> È    I^ -> Î    >> -> »
+i\\=' -> í    I\\=' -> Í    i\\=` -> ì    I\\=` -> Ì               o_ -> º
+o\\=' -> ó    O\\=' -> Ó    o\\=` -> ò    O\\=` -> Ò               a_ -> ª
+u\\=' -> ú    U\\=' -> Ú    u\\=` -> ù    U\\=` -> Ù
 
 This method is for purists who like accents the old way.
 
@@ -1160,7 +1160,7 @@ Caters for French and Turkish as well as Dutch.
  ------------+---------+----------
              | postfix |
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   grave      |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> à
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   Turkish    | various | i/ -> ı  s, -> ş  g^ -> ğ   I/ -> İ
@@ -1170,7 +1170,7 @@ Caters for French and Turkish as well as Dutch.
  ------------+---------+----------
   diaeresis  |    \"    | \"a -> ä
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -1338,7 +1338,7 @@ of characters from a single Latin-N charset.
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   grave      |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> à
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
@@ -1359,7 +1359,7 @@ It would be natural to use comma for cedillas, but that would be
 inconvenient in practice because commas are needed very often after a
 letter.
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 ;; Fixme: ¦ § ¨ © ¬ ­ ® ¯ ° ± ² ³ ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ ¼ ½ ¾ × ÷
diff --git a/lisp/leim/quail/latin-post.el b/lisp/leim/quail/latin-post.el
index 5106bd29816..25fd4508314 100644
--- a/lisp/leim/quail/latin-post.el
+++ b/lisp/leim/quail/latin-post.el
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   grave      |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> à
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
   others     |    /    | s/ -> ß   ?/ -> ¿   !/ -> ¡   // -> °
              | various | << -> «   >> -> »   o_ -> º   a_ -> ª
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   ogonek     |    ,    | a, -> ą
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
   stroke     |    /    | d/ -> đ
   others     |    /    | s/ -> ß
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   grave      |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> à
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
   stroke     |    /    | h/ -> ħ
   others     |    /    | s/ -> ß
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
   ogonek     |    ,    | a, -> ą
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
   nordic     |    /    | a/ -> å   e/ -> æ   o/ -> ø
   others     |    /    | s/ -> ß   n/ -> ŋ   k/ -> ĸ
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -745,7 +745,7 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   grave      |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> à
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
   nordic     |    /    | a/ -> å   e/ -> æ   o/ -> ø
   others     |    /    | s/ -> ß
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
 
 (quail-define-package
  "danish-postfix" "Latin-1" "DA<" t
- "Danish input method (rule: AE -> Æ, OE -> Ø, AA -> Å, E' -> É)
+ "Danish input method (rule: AE -> Æ, OE -> Ø, AA -> Å, E\\=' -> É)
 
 Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. aee -> ae
 "
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@ A following ^ or x will produce an accented character,
 e.g. c^ -> ĉ   gx -> ĝ   u^ -> ŭ.
 
 Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix,
-e.g. a'' -> a'.
+e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='.
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -1005,13 +1005,13 @@ OEE -> OE
  "french-postfix" "French" "FR<" t
  "French (Français) input method with postfix modifiers
 
-\\=` pour grave, ' pour aigu, ^ pour circonflexe, et \" pour tréma.
-Par exemple: a\\=` -> à   e' -> é.
+\\=` pour grave, \\=' pour aigu, ^ pour circonflexe, et \" pour tréma.
+Par exemple: a\\=` -> à   e\\=' -> é.
 
 Ç, «, et » sont produits par C,, <<, et >>.
 
 En doublant la frappe des diacritiques, ils s'isoleront de la lettre.
-Par exemple: e'' -> e'
+Par exemple: e\\='\\=' -> e\\='
 
 Πest produit par O/."
  nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
@@ -1124,18 +1124,18 @@ szz -> sz
  "icelandic-postfix" "Latin-1" "IS<" t
  "Icelandic (Íslenska) input method with postfix modifiers
 
-A' -> Á
-E' -> É
-I' -> Í
-O' -> Ó
-U' -> Ú
-Y' -> Ý
+A\\=' -> Á
+E\\=' -> É
+I\\=' -> Í
+O\\=' -> Ó
+U\\=' -> Ú
+Y\\=' -> Ý
 AE -> Æ
 OE -> Ö
 D/ -> Ð (eth)
 T/ -> Þ (thorn)
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -1186,8 +1186,8 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
  "italian-postfix" "Latin-1" "IT<" t
  "Italian (Italiano) input method with postfix modifiers
 
-a\\=` -> à    A\\=` -> À    e' -> é    << -> «
-e\\=` -> è    E\\=` -> È    E' -> É    >> -> »
+a\\=` -> à    A\\=` -> À    e\\=' -> é    << -> «
+e\\=` -> è    E\\=` -> È    E\\=' -> É    >> -> »
 i\\=` -> ì    I\\=` -> Ì               o_ -> º
 o\\=` -> ò    O\\=` -> Ò               a_ -> ª
 u\\=` -> ù    U\\=` -> Ù
@@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@ Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\=`\\=` -> a\\=`
 
 (quail-define-package
  "norwegian-postfix" "Latin-1" "NO<" t
- "Norwegian (Norsk) input method (rule: AE->Æ   OE->Ø   AA->Å   E'->É)
+ "Norwegian (Norsk) input method (rule: AE->Æ   OE->Ø   AA->Å   E\\='->É)
 
 Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. aee -> ae
 "
@@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@ oe -> ø
 aa -> å
 a\" -> ä
 o\" -> ö
-e' -> é
+e\\=' -> é
 
 Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix:
 aee -> ae   o\"\" -> o\"   etc.
@@ -1309,17 +1309,17 @@ aee -> ae   o\"\" -> o\"   etc.
  "spanish-postfix" "Spanish" "ES<" t
  "Spanish (Español) input method with postfix modifiers
 
-A' -> Á
-E' -> É
-I' -> Í
-O' -> Ó
-U' -> Ú
+A\\=' -> Á
+E\\=' -> É
+I\\=' -> Í
+O\\=' -> Ó
+U\\=' -> Ú
 N~ -> Ñ
 !/ -> ¡
 ?/ -> ¿
 
 Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix:
-a'' -> a'   n~~ -> n~, etc.
+a\\='\\=' -> a\\='   n~~ -> n~, etc.
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -1360,7 +1360,7 @@ a'' -> a'   n~~ -> n~, etc.
 
 (quail-define-package
  "swedish-postfix" "Latin-1" "SV<" t
- "Swedish (Svenska) input method (rule: AA -> Å   AE -> Ä   OE -> Ö   E' -> É)
+ "Swedish (Svenska) input method (rule: AA -> Å   AE -> Ä   OE -> Ö   E\\=' -> É)
 
 Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. aee -> ae
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
@@ -2089,7 +2089,7 @@ of characters from a single Latin-N charset.
 
              | postfix | examples
  ------------+---------+----------
-  acute      |    '    | a' -> á
+  acute      |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
   grave      |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> à
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
   diaeresis  |    \"    | a\" -> ä
@@ -2106,7 +2106,7 @@ of characters from a single Latin-N charset.
   others     |    /    | s/ -> ß   ?/ -> ¿   !/ -> ¡   // -> °   o/ -> œ
              | various | << -> «   >> -> »   o_ -> º   a_ -> ª
 
-Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a'' -> a'
+Doubling the postfix separates the letter and postfix: e.g. a\\='\\=' -> a\\='
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 ;; Fixme: ¦ § ¨ © ¬ ­ ® ¯ ± ² ³ ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ ¼ ½ ¾ × ÷
diff --git a/lisp/leim/quail/latin-pre.el b/lisp/leim/quail/latin-pre.el
index 4e60d9c8569..7e4fd438cdd 100644
--- a/lisp/leim/quail/latin-pre.el
+++ b/lisp/leim/quail/latin-pre.el
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+----------
-    acute    |   '    | 'a -> á, '' -> ´
+    acute    |   \\='    | \\='a -> á, \\='\\=' -> ´
     grave    |   \\=`    | \\=`a -> à
   circumflex |   ^    | ^a -> â
   diaeresis  |   \"    | \"a -> ä  \"\" -> ¨
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@
 
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+----------
-    acute    |   '    | 'a -> á   '' -> ´
+    acute    |   \\='    | \\='a -> á   \\='\\=' -> ´
     grave    |   \\=`    | \\=`a -> à
   diaeresis  |   \"    | \"i -> ï   \"\" -> ¨
     tilde    |   ~    | ~n -> ñ
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ Key translation rules are:
 
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+----------
-    acute    |   '    | 'e -> é
+    acute    |   \\='    | \\='e -> é
     grave    |   \\=`    | \\=`a -> à
   circumflex |   ^    | ^a -> â
   diaeresis  |   \"    | \"i -> ï
@@ -338,9 +338,9 @@ Key translation rules are:
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+------------------
     tilde    |   \"    | \"a -> â
-  circumflex |   '    | 'a -> â, 'i -> î
-   cedilla   |   '    | 's -> ş, 't -> ţ
-   '         |   '    | '' -> '
+  circumflex |   \\='    | \\='a -> â, \\='i -> î
+   cedilla   |   \\='    | \\='s -> ş, \\='t -> ţ
+   \\='         |   \\='    | \\='\\=' -> \\='
    \"         |   \"    | \"\" -> \"
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ Key translation rules are:
  "irish-prefix" "Latin-1" "GA>" t
  "Irish input method with prefix modifiers
 Key translation rules are:
- 'A -> Á   'E -> É   'I -> Í   'O -> Ó   'U -> Ú
+ \\='A -> Á   \\='E -> É   \\='I -> Í   \\='O -> Ó   \\='U -> Ú
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -397,12 +397,12 @@ Key translation rules are:
 
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+----------
-    acute    |   '    | 'a -> á   '' -> ´
+    acute    |   \\='    | \\='a -> á   \\='\\=' -> ´
     grave    |   \\=`    | \\=`a -> à
   circumflex |   ^    | ^a -> â
   diaeresis  |   \"    | \"u -> ü
     tilde    |   ~    | ~a -> ã
-   cedilla   | ' or , | 'c -> ç   ,c -> ç
+   cedilla   | \\=' or , | \\='c -> ç   ,c -> ç
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
 (quail-define-rules
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ Key translation rules are:
 
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+----------
-    acute    |   '    | 'a -> á
+    acute    |   \\='    | \\='a -> á
   diaeresis  |   \"    | \"u -> ü
     tilde    |   ~    | ~n -> ñ
    symbol    |   ~    | ~> -> »   ~< -> «   ~! -> ¡   ~? -> ¿
@@ -484,13 +484,13 @@ Key translation rules are:
 
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+----------
-    acute    |   '    | 'a -> á   '' -> ?´
+    acute    |   \\='    | \\='a -> á   \\='\\=' -> ?´
   circumflex |   ^    | ^a -> â
   diaeresis  |   \"    | \"a -> ä   \"\" -> ¨
     breve    |   ~    | ~a -> ă
     caron    |   ~    | ~c -> č
    cedilla   |   \\=`    | \\=`c -> ç   \\=`e -> ?ę
-    misc     | ' \\=` ~  | 'd -> đ   \\=`l -> ł   \\=`z -> ż   ~o -> ő   ~u -> ű
+    misc     | \\=' \\=` ~  | \\='d -> đ   \\=`l -> ł   \\=`z -> ż   ~o -> ő   ~u -> ű
    symbol    |   ~    | \\=`. -> ˙   ~~ -> ˘   ~. -> ?¸
 " nil t nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil t)
 
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ Key translation rules are:
 
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+----------
-    acute    |   '    | 'a -> á   '' -> ?´
+    acute    |   \\='    | \\='a -> á   \\='\\=' -> ?´
     grave    |   \\=`    | \\=`a -> à
   circumflex |   ^    | ^a -> â
   diaeresis  |   \"    | \"a -> ä   \"\" -> ¨
@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ For example, the character named `aogonek' is obtained by `/a'."
 
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+----------
-    acute    |   '    | 'a -> á
+    acute    |   \\='    | \\='a -> á
     grave    |   \\=`    | \\=`a -> à
   circumflex |   ^    | ^a -> â
   diaeresis  |   \"    | \"a -> ä, \"Y -> Ÿ
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@ For example, the character named `aogonek' is obtained by `/a'."
 
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+----------
-    acute    |   '    | 'a -> á
+    acute    |   \\='    | \\='a -> á
     grave    |   \\=`    | \\=`a -> à
   circumflex |   ^    | ^w -> ŵ
   diaeresis  |   \"    | \"a -> ä
@@ -996,7 +996,7 @@ of characters from a single Latin-N charset.
 
     effect   | prefix | examples
  ------------+--------+----------
-    acute    |   '    | 'a -> á, '' -> ´
+    acute    |   \\='    | \\='a -> á, \\='\\=' -> ´
     grave    |   \\=`    | \\=`a -> à
   circumflex |   ^    | ^a -> â
   diaeresis  |   \"    | \"a -> ä  \"\" -> ¨
diff --git a/lisp/leim/quail/tibetan.el b/lisp/leim/quail/tibetan.el
index 5dacf290c10..d5a92ca480b 100644
--- a/lisp/leim/quail/tibetan.el
+++ b/lisp/leim/quail/tibetan.el
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
     |ཏ་ t |ཐ་ th |ད་ d  |དྷ་ dh |ན་ n |   ོ o          ༑       ;
     |པ་ p |ཕ་ ph |བ་ b  |བྷ་ bh |མ་ m |   ཻ ai (ee, E) ༏        $
     |ཙ་ ts|ཚ་ tsh|ཛ་ dz |ཛྷ་ dzh|ཝ་ w |   ཽ au (oo, O) ༐        &
-    |ཞ་ zh|ཟ་ z  |འ་ '  |       |ཡ་ y |   ྀ I          ༄༅   *
+    |ཞ་ zh|ཟ་ z  |འ་ \\='  |       |ཡ་ y |   ྀ I          ༄༅   *
     |ར་ r |ལ་ l  |ཤ་ sh |ཥ་ SH |ས་ s |   ཿ :         ༄༅༅  #
     |ཧ་ h |ཨ་ A  |ཀྵ་ kSH|       |      |   ཾ M           ༼ ༽   < >
     +-------------------------------------+   ༔  %
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
             and to get da-drag in  -r-d, -l-d .)
   |     : Special signs.
 
-  Tsheg is assigned to SPC.  Space is assigned to period '.'.
+  Tsheg is assigned to SPC.  Space is assigned to period ‘.’.
 "
  nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil
  'quail-tibetan-update-translation)
@@ -407,11 +407,11 @@
   +-------------------------------------------------------+
      |qཀ|wཁ|eག|rང|tཅ|yཆ|uཇ|iཉ|oཏ|pཐ|[ད|]ན|
      +-----------------------------------------------+
-      |aཔ| sཕ| dབ|fམ|gུ|h  |jོ|kཙ|lཚ|;ཛ|'ཝ|
+      |aཔ| sཕ| dབ|fམ|gུ|h  |jོ|kཙ|lཚ|;ཛ|\\='ཝ|
       +---------------------------------------------+
          |zཞ|xཟ|cའ|vཡ|bར|nལ|mཤ|,ས|.ཧ|/ཨ|
          +---------------------------------------+
-  The key 'h' is used for consonant stacking.
+  The key ‘h’ is used for consonant stacking.
 
   [SHIFTED]
 
@@ -427,14 +427,14 @@
 
   DIFFERENCE FROM THE ORIGINAL TIBKEY:
 
-    1. Vowel 'a' should be typed explicitly by the key 'A'.
+    1. Vowel ‘a’ should be typed explicitly by the key ‘A’.
        This is really inconvenient.  But to make the coding
        scheme clear, it is desirable to have an explicit
-       vowel sign for 'a'.
+       vowel sign for ‘a’.
     2. Tsheg is assigned to SPC key.  You can input a space
-       by typing '>'.
+       by typing ‘>’.
     4. To avoid the default stacking ���� and to obtain གཡ,
-       type 'E' instead of 'v' (=ཡ).
+       type ‘E’ instead of ‘v’ (=ཡ).
     3. There are many characters that are not supported in the
        current implementation (especially special signs).
        I hope I'll complete in a future revision.
diff --git a/lisp/leim/quail/viqr.el b/lisp/leim/quail/viqr.el
index 570a16bd43d..879fba4da2c 100644
--- a/lisp/leim/quail/viqr.el
+++ b/lisp/leim/quail/viqr.el
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
   circumflex |    ^    | a^ -> â
     horn     |    +    | o+ -> ơ
  ------------+---------+----------
-    acute    |    '    | a' -> á
+    acute    |    \\='    | a\\=' -> á
     grave    |    \\=`    | a\\=` -> à
   hook above |    ?    | a? -> ả
     tilde    |    ~    | a~ -> ã