Support desktop notifications on Android

* doc/emacs/android.texi (Android Environment): Correct list of
permissions granted by default.

* doc/lispref/os.texi (Desktop Notifications): Document the new
function `android-notifications-notify' and its limitations.

* java/AndroidManifest.xml.in: Request notification permissions.

* java/org/gnu/emacs/EmacsDesktopNotification.java: New file.

* java/res/layout/sdk8_notifications_view.xml: New file holding
substitute notification widget definitions for Android versions
prior to 3.0.

* java/res/values/strings.xml: Remove inadvertently introduced
tag attribute.

* lisp/org/org-clock.el (haiku-notifications-notify): Correct
file name in function declaration.
(android-notifications-notify): New declaration.
(org-show-notification): Use `android-notifications-notify'.

* src/androidselect.c (android_init_emacs_desktop_notification)
(android_notifications_notify_1, Fandroid_notifications_notify):
New functions.
(init_androidselect, syms_of_androidselect): Initialize new
class and define new subr.

4 files changed, 189 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/java/AndroidManifest.xml.in b/java/AndroidManifest.xml.in
index 895e7f88c57..b9cda401c9d 100644
--- a/java/AndroidManifest.xml.in
+++ b/java/AndroidManifest.xml.in
@@ -66,6 +66,11 @@ along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. -->
 
   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
 
+  <!-- And under Android 13 or later to post desktop
+       notifications.  -->
+
+  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS"/>
+
   <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="@ANDROID_MIN_SDK@"
             android:targetSdkVersion="33"/>
 
diff --git a/java/org/gnu/emacs/EmacsDesktopNotification.java b/java/org/gnu/emacs/EmacsDesktopNotification.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8f55ffe8145
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/org/gnu/emacs/EmacsDesktopNotification.java
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+/* Communication module for Android terminals.  -*- c-file-style: "GNU" -*-
+
+Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of GNU Emacs.
+
+GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
+your option) any later version.
+
+GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+package org.gnu.emacs;
+
+import android.app.Notification;
+import android.app.NotificationManager;
+import android.app.NotificationChannel;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import android.widget.RemoteViews;
+
+
+
+/* Structure designating a single desktop notification.
+
+   New versions of Android also organize notifications into individual
+   ``channels'', which are used to implement groups.  Unlike on other
+   systems, notification importance is set for each group, not for
+   each individual notification.  */
+
+
+
+public final class EmacsDesktopNotification
+{
+  /* The content of this desktop notification.  */
+  public final String content;
+
+  /* The title of this desktop notification.  */
+  public final String title;
+
+  /* The notification group.  */
+  public final String group;
+
+  /* String identifying this notification for future replacement.
+     Typically a string resembling ``XXXX.NNNN.YYYY'', where XXXX is
+     the system boot time, NNNN is the PID of this Emacs instance, and
+     YYYY is the counter value returned by the notifications display
+     function.  */
+  public final String tag;
+
+  /* The importance of this notification's group.  */
+  public final int importance;
+
+  public
+  EmacsDesktopNotification (String title, String content,
+                            String group, String tag, int importance)
+  {
+    this.content    = content;
+    this.title      = title;
+    this.group      = group;
+    this.tag        = tag;
+    this.importance = importance;
+  }
+
+
+
+  /* Functions for displaying desktop notifications.  */
+
+  /* Internal helper for `display' executed on the main thread.  */
+
+  @SuppressWarnings ("deprecation") /* Notification.Builder (Context).  */
+  private void
+  display1 (Context context)
+  {
+    NotificationManager manager;
+    NotificationChannel channel;
+    Notification notification;
+    Object tem;
+    RemoteViews contentView;
+
+    tem = context.getSystemService (Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
+    manager = (NotificationManager) tem;
+
+    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
+      {
+        /* Create the notification channel for this group.  If a group
+           already exists with the same name, its linked attributes
+           (such as its importance) will be overridden.  */
+        channel = new NotificationChannel (group, group, importance);
+        manager.createNotificationChannel (channel);
+
+        /* Create a notification object and display it.  */
+        notification = (new Notification.Builder (context, group)
+                        .setContentTitle (title)
+                        .setContentText (content)
+                        .setSmallIcon (R.drawable.emacs)
+                        .build ());
+      }
+    else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
+      notification = (new Notification.Builder (context)
+                      .setContentTitle (title)
+                      .setContentText (content)
+                      .setSmallIcon (R.drawable.emacs)
+                      .build ());
+    else
+      {
+        notification = new Notification ();
+        notification.icon = R.drawable.emacs;
+
+        /* This remote widget tree is defined in
+           java/res/layout/sdk8_notifications_view.xml.  */
+        notification.contentView
+          = contentView
+          = new RemoteViews ("org.gnu.emacs",
+                             R.layout.sdk8_notifications_view);
+        contentView.setTextViewText (R.id.sdk8_notifications_title,
+                                     title);
+        contentView.setTextViewText (R.id.sdk8_notifications_content,
+                                     content);
+      }
+
+    manager.notify (tag, 2, notification);
+  }
+
+  /* Display this desktop notification.
+
+     Create a notification channel named GROUP or update its
+     importance if such a channel is already defined.  */
+
+  public void
+  display ()
+  {
+    EmacsService.SERVICE.runOnUiThread (new Runnable () {
+        @Override
+        public void
+        run ()
+        {
+          display1 (EmacsService.SERVICE);
+        }
+      });
+  }
+};
diff --git a/java/res/layout/sdk8_notifications_view.xml b/java/res/layout/sdk8_notifications_view.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2daa5beea86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/res/layout/sdk8_notifications_view.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<!-- Notification content widget tree for GNU Emacs on Android 2.3.
+
+Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of GNU Emacs.
+
+GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.
+
+GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. -->
+
+<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+              android:orientation="vertical"
+              android:layout_width="match_parent"
+              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+              android:padding="8dp">
+  <TextView android:id="@+id/sdk8_notifications_title"
+            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
+  <TextView android:id="@+id/sdk8_notifications_content"
+            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
+</LinearLayout>
diff --git a/java/res/values/strings.xml b/java/res/values/strings.xml
index 8a11cb007ee..0bf1ef0ac9b 100644
--- a/java/res/values/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values/strings.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ GNU General Public License for more details.
 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. -->
 
-<resources xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+<resources>
   <string name="start_quick_title">
     Restart Emacs with -Q
   </string>