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+Old GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes thru version 15.
+Copyright (C) 1985 Richard M. Stallman.
+See the end for copying conditions.
+
+Changes in Emacs 15
+
+* Emacs now runs on Sun and Megatest 68000 systems;
+ also on at least one 16000 system running 4.2.
+
+* Emacs now alters the output-start and output-stop characters
+ to prevent C-s and C-q from being considered as flow control
+ by cretinous rlogin software in 4.2.
+
+* It is now possible convert Mocklisp code (for Gosling Emacs) to Lisp code
+ that can run in GNU Emacs.  M-x convert-mocklisp-buffer
+ converts the contents of the current buffer from Mocklisp to
+ GNU Emacs Lisp.  You should then save the converted buffer with C-x C-w
+ under a name ending in ".el"
+
+ There are probably some Mocklisp constructs that are not handled.
+ If you encounter one, feel free to report the failure as a bug.
+ The construct will be handled in a future Emacs release, if that is not
+ not too hard to do.
+
+ Note that lisp code converted from Mocklisp code will not necessarily
+ run as fast as code specifically written for GNU Emacs, nor will it use
+ the many features of GNU Emacs which are not present in Gosling's emacs.
+ (In particular, the byte-compiler (m-x byte-compile-file) knows little
+ about compilation of code directly converted from mocklisp.)
+ It is envisaged that old mocklisp code will be incrementally converted
+ to GNU lisp code, with M-x convert-mocklisp-buffer being the first
+ step in this process.
+
+* Control-x n (narrow-to-region) is now by default a disabled command.
+
+ This means that, if you issue this command, it will ask whether
+ you really mean it.  You have the opportunity to enable the
+ command permanently at that time, so you will not be asked again.
+ This will place the form "(put 'narrow-to-region 'disabled nil)" in your
+ .emacs file.
+
+* Tags now prompts for the tag table file name to use.
+
+ All the tags commands ask for the tag table file name
+ if you have not yet specified one.
+
+ Also, the command M-x visit-tag-table can now be used to
+ specify the tag table file name initially, or to switch
+ to a new tag table.
+
+* If truncate-partial-width-windows is non-nil (as it intially is),
+ all windows less than the full screen width (that is,
+ made by side-by-side splitting) truncate lines rather than continuing
+ them.
+
+* Emacs now checks for Lisp stack overflow to avoid fatal errors.
+ The depth in eval, apply and funcall may not exceed max-lisp-eval-depth.
+ The depth in variable bindings and unwind-protects may not exceed
+ max-specpdl-size.  If either limit is exceeded, an error occurs.
+ You can set the limits to larger values if you wish, but if you make them
+ too large, you are vulnerable to a fatal error if you invoke
+ Lisp code that does infinite recursion.
+
+* New hooks  find-file-hook  and  write-file-hook.
+ Both of these variables if non-nil should be functions of no arguments.
+ At the time they are called (current-buffer) will be the buffer being
+ read or written respectively.
+
+ find-file-hook  is called whenever a file is read into its own buffer,
+ such as by calling  find-file,  revert-buffer, etc.  It is not called by
+ functions such as  insert-file  which do not read the file into a buffer of
+ its own.
+ find-file-hook  is called after the file has been read in and its
+ local variables (if any) have been processed.
+
+ write-file-hook  is called just before writing out a file from a buffer.
+
+* The initial value of shell-prompt-pattern is now  "^[^#$%>]*[#$%>] *"
+
+* If the .emacs file sets inhibit-startup-message to non-nil,
+ the messages normally printed by Emacs at startup time
+ are inhibited.
+
+* Facility for run-time conditionalization on the basis of emacs features.
+
+ The new variable  features  is a list of symbols which represent "features"
+ of the executing emacs, for use in run-time conditionalization.
+
+ The function  featurep  of one argument may be used to test for the
+ presence of a feature. It is just the same as
+ (not (null (memq FEATURE features))) where FEATURE is its argument.
+ For example, (if (featurep 'magic-window-hack)
+                  (transmogrify-window 'vertical)
+                (split-window-vertically))
+
+ The function  provide  of one argument "announces" that FEATURE is present.
+ It is much the same as (if (not (featurep FEATURE))
+                            (setq features (cons FEATURE features)))
+
+ The function  require  with arguments FEATURE and FILE-NAME loads FILE-NAME
+ (which should contain the form (provide FEATURE)) unless FEATURE is present.
+ It is much the same as (if (not (featurep FEATURE))
+                            (progn (load FILE-NAME)
+                                   (if (not featurep FEATURE) (error ...))))
+ FILE-NAME is optional and defaults to FEATURE.
+
+* New function load-average.
+
+ This returns a list of three integers, which are
+ the current 1 minute, 5 minute and 15 minute load averages,
+ each multiplied by a hundred (since normally they are floating
+ point numbers).
+
+* Per-terminal libraries loaded automatically.
+
+ Emacs when starting up on terminal type T automatically loads
+ a library named term-T.  T is the value of the TERM environment variable.
+ Thus, on terminal type vt100, Emacs would do (load "term-vt100" t t).
+ Such libraries are good places to set the character translation table.
+
+ It is a bad idea to redefine lots of commands in a per-terminal library,
+ since this affects all users.  Instead, define a command to do the
+ redefinitions and let the user's init file, which is loaded later,
+ call that command or not, as the user prefers.
+
+* Programmer's note: detecting killed buffers.
+
+ Buffers are eliminated by explicitly killing them, using
+ the function kill-buffer.  This does not eliminate or affect
+ the pointers to the buffer which may exist in list structure.
+ If you have a pointer to a buffer and wish to tell whether
+ the buffer has been killed, use the function buffer-name.
+ It returns nil on a killed buffer, and a string on a live buffer.
+
+* New ways to access the last command input character.
+
+ The function last-key-struck, which used to return the last
+ input character that was read by command input, is eliminated.
+ Instead, you can find this information as the value of the
+ variable last-command-char.  (This variable used to be called
+ last-key).
+
+ Another new variable, last-input-char, holds the last character
+ read from the command input stream regardless of what it was
+ read for.  last-input-char and last-command-char are different
+ only inside a command that has called read-char to read input.
+
+* The new switch -kill causes Emacs to exit after processing the
+ preceding command line arguments.  Thus,
+    emacs -l lib data -e do-it -kill
+ means to load lib, find file data, call do-it on no arguments,
+ and then exit.
+
+* The config.h file has been modularized.
+
+ Options that depend on the machine you are running on are defined
+ in a file whose name starts with "m-", such as m-vax.h.
+ Options that depend on the operating system software version you are
+ running on are defined in a file whose name starts with "s-",
+ such as s-bsd4.2.h.
+
+ config.h includes one m- file and one s- file.  It also defines a
+ few other options whose values do not follow from the machine type
+ and system type being used.  Installers normally will have to
+ select the correct m- and s- files but will never have to change their
+ contents.
+
+* Termcap AL and DL strings are understood.
+
+ If the termcap entry defines AL and DL strings, for insertion
+ and deletion of multiple lines in one blow, Emacs now uses them.
+ This matters most on certain bit map display terminals for which
+ scrolling is comparatively slow.
+
+* Bias against scrolling screen far on fast terminals.
+
+ Emacs now prefers to redraw a few lines rather than
+ shift them a long distance on the screen, when the terminal is fast.
+
+* New major mode, mim-mode.
+
+ This major mode is for editing MDL code.  Perhaps a MDL
+ user can explain why it is not called mdl-mode.
+ You must load the library mim-mode explicitly to use this.
+
+* GNU documentation formatter `texinfo'.
+
+ The `texinfo' library defines a format for documentation
+ files which can be passed through Tex to make a printed manual
+ or passed through texinfo to make an Info file.  Texinfo is
+ documented fully by its own Info file; compare this file
+ with its source, texinfo.texinfo, for additional guidance.
+
+ All documentation files for GNU utilities should be written
+ in texinfo input format.
+
+ Tex processing of texinfo files requires the Botex macro package.
+ This is not ready for distribution yet, but will appear at
+ a later time.
+
+* New function read-from-string (emacs 15.29)
+
+ read-from-string takes three arguments: a string to read from,
+ and optionally start and end indices which delimit a substring
+ from which to read.  (They default to 0 and the length of the string,
+ respectively.)
+
+ This function returns a cons cell whose car is the object produced
+ by reading from the string and whose cdr is a number giving the
+ index in the string of the first character not read. That index may
+ be passed as the second argument to a later call to  read-from-string
+ to read the next form represented by the string.
+
+ In addition, the function  read  now accepts a string as its argument.
+ In this case, it calls  read-from-string  on the whole string, and
+ returns the car of the result. (ie the actual object read.)
+
+Changes in Emacs 14
+
+* Completion now prints various messages such as [Sole Completion]
+ or [Next Character Not Unique] to describe the results obtained.
+ These messages appear after the text in the minibuffer, and remain
+ on the screen until a few seconds go by or you type a key.
+
+* The buffer-read-only flag is implemented.
+ Setting or binding this per-buffer variable to a non-nil value
+ makes illegal any operation which would modify the textual content of
+ the buffer.  (Such operations signal a  buffer-read-only  error)
+ The read-only state of a buffer may be altered using toggle-read-only
+ (C-x C-q)
+ The buffers used by Rmail, Dired, Rnews, and Info are now read-only
+ by default to prevent accidental damage to the information in those
+ buffers.
+
+* Functions car-safe and cdr-safe.
+ These functions are like car and cdr when the argument is a cons.
+ Given an argument not a cons, car-safe always returns nil, with
+ no error; the same for cdr-safe.
+
+* The new function user-real-login-name returns the name corresponding
+ to the real uid of the Emacs process.  This is usually the same
+ as what user-login-name returns; however, when Emacs is invoked
+ from su, user-real-login-name returns "root" but user-login-name
+ returns the name of the user who invoked su.
+
+Changes in Emacs 13
+
+* There is a new version numbering scheme.
+
+ What used to be the first version number, which was 1,
+ has been discarded since it does not seem that I need three
+ levels of version number.
+
+ However, a new third version number has been added to represent
+ changes by user sites.  This number will always be zero in
+ Emacs when I distribute it; it will be incremented each time
+ Emacs is built at another site.
+
+* There is now a reader syntax for Meta characters:
+ \M-CHAR means CHAR or'ed with the Meta bit.  For example:
+
+    ?\M-x   is   (+ ?x 128)
+    ?\M-\n  is   (+ ?\n 128)
+    ?\M-\^f is   (+ ?\^f 128)
+
+ This syntax can be used in strings too.  Note, however, that
+ Meta characters are not meaningful in key sequences being passed
+ to define-key or lookup-key; you must use ESC characters (\e)
+ in them instead.
+
+ ?\C- can be used likewise for control characters.  (13.9)
+
+* Installation change
+ The string "../lisp" now adds to the front of the load-path
+ used for searching for Lisp files during Emacs initialization.
+ It used to replace the path specified in paths.h entirely.
+ Now the directory ../lisp is searched first and the directoris
+ specified in paths.h are searched afterward.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.12
+
+* There is a new installation procedure.
+ See the file INSTALL that comes in the top level
+ directory in the tar file or tape.
+
+* The Meta key is now supported on terminals that have it.
+ This is a shift key which causes the high bit to be turned on
+ in all input characters typed while it is held down.
+
+ read-char now returns a value in the range 128-255 if
+ a Meta character is typed.  When interpreted as command
+ input, a Meta character is equivalent to a two character
+ sequence, the meta prefix character followed by the un-metized
+ character (Meta-G unmetized is G).
+
+ The meta prefix character
+ is specified by the value of the variable meta-prefix-char.
+ If this character (normally Escape) has been redefined locally
+ with a non-prefix definition (such as happens in completing
+ minibuffers) then the local redefinition is suppressed when
+ the character is not the last one in a key sequence.
+ So the local redefinition is effective if you type the character
+ explicitly, but not effective if the character comes from
+ the use of the Meta key.
+
+* `-' is no longer a completion command in the minibuffer.
+ It is an ordinary self-inserting character.
+
+* The list load-path of directories load to search for Lisp files
+ is now controlled by the EMACSLOADPATH environment variable
+[[ Note this was originally EMACS-LOAD-PATH and has been changed
+ again; sh does not deal properly with hyphens in env variable names]]
+ rather than the EPATH environment variable.  This is to avoid
+ conflicts with other Emacses.
+
+ While Emacs is being built initially, the load-path
+ is now just ("../lisp"), ignoring paths.h.  It does not
+ ignore EMACSLOADPATH, however; you should avoid having
+ this variable set while building Emacs.
+
+* You can now specify a translation table for keyboard
+ input characters, as a way of exchanging or substituting
+ keys on the keyboard.
+
+ If the value of keyboard-translate-table is a string,
+ every character received from the keyboard is used as an
+ index in that string, and the character at that index in
+ the string is used as input instead of what was actually
+ typed.  If the actual input character is >= the length of
+ the string, it is used unchanged.
+
+ One way this feature can be used is to fix bad keyboard
+ designes.  For example, on some terminals, Delete is 
+ Shift-Underscore.  Since Delete is a more useful character
+ than Underscore, it is an improvement to make the unshifted
+ character Delete and the shifted one Underscore.  This can
+ be done with
+
+  ;; First make a translate table that does the identity translation.
+  (setq keyboard-translate-table (make-string 128 0))
+  (let ((i 0))
+    (while (< i 128)
+      (aset keyboard-translate-table i i)
+      (setq i (1+ i))))
+
+  ;; Now alter translations of some characters.
+  (aset keyboard-translate-table ?\_ ?\^?)
+  (aset keyboard-translate-table ?\^? ?\_)
+
+ If your terminal has a Meta key and can therefore send
+ codes up to 255, Meta characters are translated through
+ elements 128 through 255 of the translate table, and therefore
+ are translated independently of the corresponding non-Meta
+ characters.  You must therefore establish translations
+ independently for the Meta characters if you want them too:
+
+  ;; First make a translate table that does the identity translation.
+  (setq keyboard-translate-table (make-string 256 0))
+  (let ((i 0))
+    (while (< i 256)
+      (aset keyboard-translate-table i i)
+      (setq i (1+ i))))
+
+  ;; Now alter translations of some characters.
+  (aset keyboard-translate-table ?\_ ?\^?)
+  (aset keyboard-translate-table ?\^? ?\_)
+
+  ;; Now alter translations of some Meta characters.
+  (aset keyboard-translate-table (+ 128 ?\_) (+ 128 ?\^?))
+  (aset keyboard-translate-table (+ 128 ?\^?) (+ 128 ?\_))
+
+* (process-kill-without-query PROCESS)
+
+This marks the process so that, when you kill Emacs,
+you will not on its account be queried about active subprocesses.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.11
+
+* The commands C-c and C-z have been interchanged,
+ for greater compatibility with normal Unix usage.
+ C-z now runs suspend-emacs and C-c runs exit-recursive-edit.
+
+* The value returned by file-name-directory now ends
+ with a slash.  (file-name-directory "foo/bar") => "foo/".
+ This avoids confusing results when dealing with files
+ in the root directory.
+
+ The value of the per-buffer variable default-directory
+ is also supposed to have a final slash now.
+
+* There are now variables to control the switches passed to
+ `ls' by the C-x C-d command (list-directory).
+ list-directory-brief-switches is a string, initially "-CF",
+ used for brief listings, and list-directory-verbose-switches
+ is a string, initially "-l", used for verbose ones.
+
+* For Ann Arbor Ambassador terminals, the termcap "ti" string
+ is now used to initialize the screen geometry on entry to Emacs,
+ and the "te" string is used to set it back on exit.
+ If the termcap entry does not define the "ti" or "te" string,
+ Emacs does what it used to do.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.10
+
+* GNU Emacs has been made almost 1/3 smaller.
+ It now dumps out as only 530kbytes on Vax 4.2bsd.
+
+* The term "checkpoint" has been replaced by "auto save"
+ throughout the function names, variable names and documentation
+ of GNU Emacs.
+
+* The function load now tries appending ".elc" and ".el"
+ to the specified filename BEFORE it tries the filename
+ without change.
+
+* rmail now makes the mode line display the total number
+ of messages and the current message number.
+ The "f" command now means forward a message to another user.
+ The command to search through all messages for a string is now "F".
+ The "u" command now means to move back to the previous
+ message and undelete it.  To undelete the selected message, use Meta-u.
+
+* The hyphen character is now equivalent to a Space while
+ in completing minibuffers.  Both mean to complete an additional word.
+
+* The Lisp function error now takes args like format
+ which are used to construct the error message.
+
+* Redisplay will refuse to start its display at the end of the buffer.
+ It will pick a new place to display from, rather than use that.
+
+* The value returned by garbage-collect has been changed.
+ Its first element is no longer a number but a cons,
+ whose car is the number of cons cells now in use,
+ and whose cdr is the number of cons cells that have been
+ made but are now free.
+ The second element is similar but describes symbols rather than cons cells.
+ The third element is similar but describes markers.
+
+* The variable buffer-name has been eliminated.
+ The function buffer-name still exists.  This is to prevent
+ user programs from changing buffer names without going
+ through the rename-buffer function.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.9
+
+* When a fill prefix is in effect, paragraphs are started
+ or separated by lines that do not start with the fill prefix.
+ Also, a line which consists of the fill prefix followed by
+ white space separates paragraphs.
+
+* C-x C-v runs the new function find-alternate-file.
+ It finds the specified file, switches to that buffer,
+ and kills the previous current buffer.  (It requires
+ confirmation if that buffer had changes.)  This is
+ most useful after you find the wrong file due to a typo.
+
+* Exiting the minibuffer moves the cursor to column 0,
+ to show you that it has really been exited.
+
+* Meta-g (fill-region) now fills each paragraph in the
+ region individually.  To fill the region as if it were
+ a single paragraph (for when the paragraph-delimiting mechanism
+ does the wrong thing), use fill-region-as-paragraph.
+
+* Tab in text mode now runs the function tab-to-tab-stop.
+ A new mode called indented-text-mode is like text-mode
+ except that in it Tab runs the function indent-relative,
+ which indents the line under the previous line.
+ If auto fill is enabled while in indented-text-mode,
+ the new lines that it makes are indented.
+
+* Functions kill-rectangle and yank-rectangle.
+ kill-rectangle deletes the rectangle specified by dot and mark
+ (or by two arguments) and saves it in the variable killed-rectangle.
+ yank-rectangle inserts the rectangle in that variable.
+
+ Tab characters in a rectangle being saved are replaced
+ by spaces in such a way that their appearance will
+ not be changed if the rectangle is later reinserted
+ at a different column position.
+
+* `+' in a regular expression now means
+ to repeat the previous expression one or more times.
+ `?' means to repeat it zero or one time.
+ They are in all regards like `*' except for the
+ number of repetitions they match.
+
+ \< in a regular expression now matches the null string
+ when it is at the beginning of a word; \> matches
+ the null string at the end of a word.
+
+* C-x p narrows the buffer so that only the current page
+ is visible.
+
+* C-x ) with argument repeats the kbd macro just
+ defined that many times, counting the definition
+ as one repetition.
+
+* C-x ( with argument begins defining a kbd macro
+ starting with the last one defined.  It executes that
+ previous kbd macro initially, just as if you began
+ by typing it over again.
+
+* C-x q command queries the user during kbd macro execution.
+ With prefix argument, enters recursive edit,
+  reading keyboard commands even within a kbd macro.
+  You can give different commands each time the macro executes.
+ Without prefix argument, reads a character.  Your options are:
+  Space -- execute the rest of the macro.
+  Delete -- skip the rest of the macro; start next repetition.
+  C-d -- skip rest of the macro and don't repeat it any more.
+  C-r -- enter a recursive edit, then on exit ask again for a character
+  C-l -- redisplay screen and ask again."
+
+* write-kbd-macro and append-kbd-macro are used to save
+ a kbd macro definition in a file (as Lisp code to
+ redefine the macro when the file is loaded).
+ These commands differ in that write-kbd-macro
+ discards the previous contents of the file.
+ If given a prefix argument, both commands
+ record the keys which invoke the macro as well as the
+ macro's definition.
+
+* The variable global-minor-modes is used to display
+ strings in the mode line of all buffers.  It should be
+ a list of elements thaht are conses whose cdrs are strings
+ to be displayed.  This complements the variable
+ minor-modes, which has the same effect but has a separate
+ value in each buffer.
+
+* C-x = describes horizontal scrolling in effect, if any.
+
+* Return now auto-fills the line it is ending, in auto fill mode.
+ Space with zero as argument auto-fills the line before it
+ just like Space without an argument.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.8
+
+This release mostly fixes bugs.  There are a few new features:
+
+* apropos now sorts the symbols before displaying them.
+ Also, it returns a list of the symbols found.
+
+ apropos now accepts a second arg PRED which should be a function
+ of one argument; if PRED is non-nil, each symbol is tested
+ with PRED and only symbols for which PRED returns non-nil
+ appear in the output or the returned list.
+
+ If the third argument to apropos is non-nil, apropos does not
+ display anything; it merely returns the list of symbols found.
+
+ C-h a now runs the new function command-apropos rather than
+ apropos, and shows only symbols with definitions as commands.
+
+* M-x shell sends the command 
+    if (-f ~/.emacs_NAME)source ~/.emacs_NAME
+ invisibly to the shell when it starts.  Here NAME
+ is replaced by the name of shell used,
+ as it came from your ESHELL or SHELL environment variable
+ but with directory name, if any, removed.
+
+* M-, now runs the command tags-loop-continue, which is used
+ to resume a terminated tags-search or tags-query-replace.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.7
+
+It's Beat CCA Week.
+
+* The initial buffer is now called "*scratch*" instead of "scratch",
+ so that all buffer names used automatically by Emacs now have *'s.
+
+* Undo information is now stored separately for each buffer.
+ The Undo command (C-x u) always applies to the current
+ buffer only.
+
+ C-_ is now a synonym for C-x u.
+
+ (buffer-flush-undo BUFFER) causes undo information not to
+ be kept for BUFFER, and frees the space that would have
+ been used to hold it.  In any case, no undo information is
+ kept for buffers whose names start with spaces.  (These
+ buffers also do not appear in the C-x C-b display.)
+
+* Rectangle operations are now implemented.
+ C-x r stores the rectangle described by dot and mark
+ into a register; it reads the register name from the keyboard.
+ C-x g, the command to insert the contents of a register,
+ can be used to reinsert the rectangle elsewhere.
+
+ Other rectangle commands include
+  open-rectangle:
+    insert a blank rectangle in the position and size
+    described by dot and mark, at its corners;
+    the existing text is pushed to the right.
+  clear-rectangle:
+    replace the rectangle described by dot ane mark
+    with blanks.  The previous text is deleted.
+  delete-rectangle:
+    delete the text of the specified rectangle,
+    moving the text beyond it on each line leftward.
+
+* Side-by-side windows are allowed.  Use C-x 5 to split the
+ current window into two windows side by side.
+ C-x } makes the selected window ARG columns wider at the
+ expense of the windows at its sides.  C-x { makes the selected
+ window ARG columns narrower.  An argument to C-x 5 specifies
+ how many columns to give to the leftmost of the two windows made.
+
+ C-x 2 now accepts a numeric argument to specify the number of
+ lines to give to the uppermost of the two windows it makes.
+
+* Horizontal scrolling of the lines in a window is now implemented.
+ C-x < (scroll-left) scrolls all displayed lines left,
+ with the numeric argument (default 1) saying how far to scroll.
+ When the window is scrolled left, some amount of the beginning
+ of each nonempty line is replaced by an "$".
+ C-x > scrolls right.  If a window has no text hidden at the left
+ margin, it cannot be scrolled any farther right than that.
+ When nonzero leftwards scrolling is in effect in a window.
+ lines are automatically truncated at the window's right margin
+ regardless of the value of the variable truncate-lines in the
+ buffer being displayed.
+
+* C-x C-d now uses the default output format of `ls',
+ which gives just file names in multiple columns.
+ C-u C-x C-d passes the -l switch to `ls'.
+
+* C-t at the end of a line now exchanges the two preceding characters.
+
+ All the transpose commands now interpret zero as an argument
+ to mean to transpose the textual unit after or around dot
+ with the one after or around the mark.
+
+* M-! executes a shell command in an inferior shell
+ and displays the output from it.  With a prefix argument,
+ it inserts the output in the current buffer after dot
+ and sets the mark after the output.  The shell command
+ gets /dev/null as its standard input.
+
+ M-| is like M-! but passes the contents of the region
+ as input to the shell command.  A prefix argument makes
+ the output from the command replace the contents of the region.
+
+* The mode line will now say "Def" after the major mode
+ while a keyboard macro is being defined.
+
+* The variable fill-prefix is now used by Meta-q.
+ Meta-q removes the fill prefix from lines that start with it
+ before filling, and inserts the fill prefix on each line
+ after filling.
+
+ The command C-x . sets the fill prefix equal to the text
+ on the current line before dot.
+
+* The new command Meta-j (indent-new-comment-line),
+ is like Linefeed (indent-new-line) except when dot is inside a comment;
+ in that case, Meta-j inserts a comment starter on the new line,
+ indented under the comment starter above.  It also inserts
+ a comment terminator at the end of the line above,
+ if the language being edited calls for one.
+
+* Rmail should work correctly now, and has some C-h m documentation.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.6
+
+* save-buffers-kill-emacs is now on C-x C-c
+ while C-x C-z does suspend-emacs.  This is to make
+ C-x C-c like the normal Unix meaning of C-c
+ and C-x C-z linke the normal Unix meaning of C-z.
+
+* M-ESC (eval-expression) is now a disabled command by default.
+ This prevents users who type ESC ESC accidentally from
+ getting confusing results.  Put
+    (put 'eval-expression 'disabled nil)
+ in your ~/.emacs file to enable the command.
+
+* Self-inserting text is grouped into bunches for undoing.
+ Each C-x u command undoes up to 20 consecutive self-inserting
+ characters.
+
+* Help f now uses as a default the function being called
+ in the innermost Lisp expression that dot is in.
+ This makes it more convenient to use while writing
+ Lisp code to run in Emacs.
+ (If the text around dot does not appear to be a call
+ to a Lisp function, there is no default.)
+
+ Likewise, Help v uses the symbol around or before dot
+ as a default, if that is a variable name.
+
+* Commands that read filenames now insert the default
+ directory in the minibuffer, to become part of your input.
+ This allows you to see what the default is.
+ You may type a filename which goes at the end of the
+ default directory, or you may edit the default directory
+ as you like to create the input you want to give.
+ You may also type an absolute pathname (starting with /)
+ or refer to a home directory (input starting with ~)
+ after the default; the presence of // or /~ causes
+ everything up through the slash that precedes your
+ type-in to be ignored.
+
+ Returning the default directory without change,
+ including the terminating slash, requests the use
+ of the default file name (usually the visited file's name).
+
+ Set the variable insert-default-directory to nil
+ to turn off this feature.
+
+* M-x shell now uses the environment variable ESHELL,
+ if it exists, as the file name of the shell to run.
+ If there is no ESHELL variable, the SHELL variable is used.
+ This is because some shells do not work properly as inferiors
+ of Emacs (or anything like Emacs).
+
+* A new variable minor-modes now exists, with a separate value
+ in each buffer.  Its value should be an alist of elements
+ (MODE-FUNCTION-SYMBOL . PRETTY-NAME-STRING), one for each
+ minor mode that is turned on in the buffer.  The pretty
+ name strings are displayed in the mode line after the name of the
+ major mode (with spaces between them).  The mode function
+ symbols should be symbols whose function definitions will
+ turn on the minor mode if given 1 as an argument; they are present
+ so that Help m can find their documentation strings.
+
+* The format of tag table files has been changed.
+ The new format enables Emacs to find tags much faster.
+
+ A new program, etags, exists to make the kind of
+ tag table that Emacs wants.  etags is invoked just
+ like ctags; in fact, if you give it any switches,
+ it does exactly what ctags would do.  Give it the
+ empty switch ("-") to make it act like ctags with no switches.
+
+ etags names the tag table file "TAGS" rather than "tags",
+ so that these tag tables and the standard Unix ones
+ can coexist.
+
+ The tags library can no longer use standard ctags-style
+ tag tables files.
+
+* The file of Lisp code Emacs reads on startup is now
+ called ~/.emacs rather than ~/.emacs_pro.
+
+* copy-file now gives the copied file the same mode bits
+ as the original file.
+
+* Output from a process inserted into the process's buffer
+ no longer sets the buffer's mark.  Instead it sets a
+ marker associated with the process to point to the end
+ of the inserted text.  You can access this marker with
+    (process-mark PROCESS)
+ and then either examine its position with marker-position
+ or set its position with set-marker.
+
+* completing-read takes a new optional fifth argument which,
+ if non-nil, should be a string of text to insert into
+ the minibuffer before reading user commands.
+
+* The Lisp function elt now exists:
+ (elt ARRAY N) is like (aref ARRAY N),
+ (elt LIST N) is like (nth N LIST).
+
+* rplaca is now a synonym for setcar, and rplacd for setcdr.
+ eql is now a synonym for eq; it turns out that the Common Lisp
+ distinction between eq and eql is insignificant in Emacs.
+ numberp is a new synonym for integerp.
+
+* auto-save has been renamed to auto-save-mode.
+
+* Auto save file names for buffers are now created by the
+ function make-auto-save-file-name.  This is so you can
+ redefine that function to change the way auto save file names
+ are chosen.
+
+* expand-file-name no longer discards a final slash.
+    (expand-file-name "foo" "/lose") => "/lose/foo"
+    (expand-file-name "foo/" "/lose") => "/lose/foo/"
+
+ Also, expand-file-name no longer substitutes $ constructs.
+ A new function substitute-in-file-name does this.  Reading
+ a file name with read-file-name or the `f' or`F' option
+ of interactive calling uses substitute-in-file-name
+ on the file name that was read and returns the result.
+
+ All I/O primitives including insert-file-contents and
+ delete-file call expand-file-name on the file name supplied.
+ This change makes them considerably faster in the usual case.
+
+* Interactive calling spec strings allow the new code letter 'D'
+ which means to read a directory name.  It is like 'f' except
+ that the default if the user makes no change in the minibuffer
+ is to return the current default directory rather than the
+ current visited file name.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.5
+
+* suspend-emacs now accepts an optional argument
+ which is a string to be stuffed as terminal input
+ to be read by Emacs's superior shell after Emacs exits.
+
+ A library called ledit exists which uses this feature
+ to transmit text to a Lisp job running as a sibling of
+ Emacs.
+
+* If find-file is given the name of a directory,
+ it automatically invokes dired on that directory
+ rather than reading in the binary data that make up
+ the actual contents of the directory according to Unix.
+
+* Saving an Emacs buffer now preserves the file modes
+ of any previously existing file with the same name.
+ This works using new Lisp functions file-modes and
+ set-file-modes, which can be used to read or set the mode
+ bits of any file.
+
+* The Lisp function  cond  now exists, with its traditional meaning.
+
+* defvar and defconst now permit the documentation string
+ to be omitted.  defvar also permits the initial value
+ to be omitted; then it acts only as a comment.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.4
+
+* Auto-filling now normally indents the new line it creates
+ by calling indent-according-to-mode.  This function, meanwhile,
+ has in Fundamental and Text modes the effect of making the line
+ have an indentation of the value of left-margin, a per-buffer variable.
+
+ Tab no longer precisely does indent-according-to-mode;
+ it does that in all modes that supply their own indentation routine,
+ but in Fundamental, Text and allied modes it inserts a tab character.
+
+* The command M-x grep now invokes grep (on arguments
+ supplied by the user) and reads the output from grep
+ asynchronously into a buffer.  The command C-x ` can
+ be used to move to the lines that grep has found.
+ This is an adaptation of the mechanism used for
+ running compilations and finding the loci of error messages.
+
+ You can now use C-x ` even while grep or compilation
+ is proceeding; as more matches or error messages arrive,
+ C-x ` will parse them and be able to find them.
+
+* M-x mail now provides a command to send the message
+ and "exit"--that is, return to the previously selected
+ buffer.  It is C-z C-z.
+
+* Tab in C mode now tries harder to adapt to all indentation styles.
+ If the line being indented is a statement that is not the first
+ one in the containing compound-statement, it is aligned under
+ the beginning of the first statement.
+
+* The functions screen-width and screen-height return the
+ total width and height of the screen as it is now being used.
+ set-screen-width and set-screen-height tell Emacs how big
+ to assume the screen is; they each take one argument,
+ an integer.
+
+* The Lisp function 'function' now exists.  function is the
+ same as quote, except that it serves as a signal to the
+ Lisp compiler that the argument should be compiled as
+ a function.  Example:
+   (mapcar (function (lambda (x) (+ x 5))) list)
+
+* The function set-key has been renamed to global-set-key.
+ undefine-key and local-undefine-key has been renamed to
+ global-unset-key and local-unset-key.
+
+* Emacs now collects input from asynchronous subprocesses
+ while waiting in the functions sleep-for and sit-for.
+
+* Shell mode's Newline command attempts to distinguish subshell
+ prompts from user input when issued in the middle of the buffer.
+ It no longer reexecutes from dot to the end of the line;
+ it reeexecutes the entire line minus any prompt.
+ The prompt is recognized by searching for the value of
+ shell-prompt-pattern, starting from the beginning of the line.
+ Anything thus skipped is not reexecuted.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.3
+
+* An undo facility exists now.  Type C-x u to undo a batch of
+ changes (usually one command's changes, but some commands
+ such as query-replace divide their changes into multiple
+ batches.  You can repeat C-x u to undo further.  As long
+ as no commands other than C-x u intervene, each one undoes
+ another batch.  A numeric argument to C-x u acts as a repeat
+ count.
+
+ If you keep on undoing, eventually you may be told that
+ you have used up all the recorded undo information.
+ Some actions, such as reading in files, discard all
+ undo information.
+
+ The undo information is not currently stored separately
+ for each buffer, so it is mainly good if you do something
+ totally spastic.  [This has since been fixed.]
+
+* A learn-by-doing tutorial introduction to Emacs now exists.
+ Type C-h t to enter it.
+
+* An Info documentation browser exists.  Do M-x info to enter it.
+ It contains a tutorial introduction so that no more documentation
+ is needed here.  As of now, the only documentation in it
+ is that of Info itself.
+
+* Help k and Help c are now different.  Help c prints just the
+ name of the function which the specified key invokes.  Help k
+ prints the documentation of the function as well.
+
+* A document of the differences between GNU Emacs and Twenex Emacs
+ now exists.  It is called DIFF, in the same directory as this file.
+
+* C mode can now indent comments better, including multi-line ones.
+ Meta-Control-q now reindents comment lines within the expression
+ being aligned.
+
+* Insertion of a close-parenthesis now shows the matching open-parenthesis
+ even if it is off screen, by printing the text following it on its line
+ in the minibuffer.
+
+* A file can now contain a list of local variable values
+ to be in effect when the file is edited.  See the file DIFF
+ in the same directory as this file for full details.
+
+* A function nth is defined.  It means the same thing as in Common Lisp.
+
+* The function install-command has been renamed to set-key.
+ It now takes the key sequence as the first argument
+ and the definition for it as the second argument.
+ Likewise, local-install-command has been renamed to local-set-key.
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.2
+
+* A Lisp single-stepping and debugging facility exists.
+ To cause the debugger to be entered when an error
+ occurs, set the variable debug-on-error non-nil.
+
+ To cause the debugger to be entered whenever function foo
+ is called, do (debug-on-entry 'foo).  To cancel this,
+ do (cancel-debug-on-entry 'foo).  debug-on-entry does
+ not work for primitives (written in C), only functions
+ written in Lisp.  Most standard Emacs commands are in Lisp.
+
+ When the debugger is entered, the selected window shows
+ a buffer called " *Backtrace" which displays a series
+ of stack frames, most recently entered first.  For each
+ frame, the function name called is shown, usually followed
+ by the argument values unless arguments are still being
+ calculated.  At the beginning of the buffer is a description
+ of why the debugger was entered: function entry, function exit,
+ error, or simply that the user called the function `debug'.
+
+ To exit the debugger and return to top level, type `q'.
+
+ In the debugger, you can evaluate Lisp expressions by 
+ typing `e'.  This is equivalent to `M-ESC'.
+
+ When the debugger is entered due to an error, that is
+ all you can do.  When it is entered due to function entry
+ (such as, requested by debug-on-entry), you have two
+ options:
+  Continue execution and reenter debugger after the
+    completion of the function being entered.  Type `c'.
+  Continue execution but enter the debugger before
+    the next subexpression.  Type `d'.
+
+ You will see that some stack frames are marked with *.
+ This means the debugger will be entered when those
+ frames exit.  You will see the value being returned
+ in the first line of the backtrace buffer.  Your options:
+  Continue execution, and return that value.  Type `c'.
+  Continue execution, and return a specified value.  Type `r'.
+
+ You can mark a frame to enter the debugger on exit
+ with the `b' command, or clear such a mark with `u'.
+
+* Lisp macros now exist.
+ For example, you can write
+    (defmacro cadr (arg) (list 'car (list 'cdr arg)))
+ and then the expression
+    (cadr foo)
+ will expand into
+    (car (cdr foo))
+
+Changes in Emacs 1.1
+
+* The initial buffer is now called "scratch" and is in a
+ new major mode, Lisp Interaction mode.  This mode is
+ intended for typing Lisp expressions, evaluating them,
+ and having the values printed into the buffer.
+
+  Type Linefeed after a Lisp expression, to evaluate the
+ expression and have its value printed into the buffer,
+ advancing dot.
+
+ The other commands of Lisp mode are available.
+
+* The C-x C-e command for evaluating the Lisp expression
+ before dot has been changed to print the value in the
+ minibuffer line rather than insert it in the buffer.
+ A numeric argument causes the printed value to appear
+ in the buffer instead.
+
+* In Lisp mode, the command M-C-x evaluates the defun
+ containing or following dot.  The value is printed in
+ the minibuffer.
+
+* The value of a Lisp expression evaluated using M-ESC
+ is now printed in the minibuffer.
+
+* M-q now runs fill-paragraph, independent of major mode.
+
+* C-h m now prints documentation on the current buffer's
+ major mode.  What it prints is the documentation of the
+ major mode name as a function.  All major modes have been
+ equipped with documentation that describes all commands
+ peculiar to the major mode, for this purpose.
+
+* You can display a Unix manual entry with
+ the M-x manual-entry command.
+
+* You can run a shell, displaying its output in a buffer,
+ with the M-x shell command.  The Return key sends input
+ to the subshell.  Output is printed inserted automatically
+ in the buffer.  Commands C-c, C-d, C-u, C-w and C-z are redefined
+ for controlling the subshell and its subjobs.
+ "cd", "pushd" and "popd" commands are recognized as you
+ enter them, so that the default directory of the Emacs buffer
+ always remains the same as that of the subshell.
+
+* C-x $ (that's a real dollar sign) controls line-hiding based
+ on indentation.  With a numeric arg N > 0, it causes all lines
+ indented by N or more columns to become invisible.
+ They are, effectively, tacked onto the preceding line, where
+ they are represented by " ..." on the screen.
+ (The end of the preceding visible line corresponds to a
+ screen cursor position before the "...".  Anywhere in the
+ invisible lines that follow appears on the screen as a cursor
+ position after the "...".)
+ Currently, all editing commands treat invisible lines just
+ like visible ones, except for C-n and C-p, which have special
+ code to count visible lines only.
+ C-x $ with no argument turns off this mode, which in any case
+ is remembered separately for each buffer.
+
+* Outline mode is another form of selective display.
+ It is a major mode invoked with M-x outline-mode.
+ It is intended for editing files that are structured as
+ outlines, with heading lines (lines that begin with one
+ or more asterisks) and text lines (all other lines).
+ The number of asterisks in a heading line are its level;
+ the subheadings of a heading line are all following heading
+ lines at higher levels, until but not including the next 
+ heading line at the same or a lower level, regardless
+ of intervening text lines.
+
+  In outline mode, you have commands to hide (remove from display)
+ or show the text or subheadings under each heading line
+ independently.  Hidden text or subheadings are invisibly
+ attached to the end of the preceding heading line, so that
+ if you kill the hading line and yank it back elsewhere
+ all the invisible lines accompany it.
+
+  All editing commands treat hidden outline-mode lines
+ as part of the preceding visible line.
+ 
+* C-x C-z runs save-buffers-kill-emacs
+ offers to save each file buffer, then exits.
+
+* C-c's function is now called suspend-emacs.
+
+* The command C-x m runs mail, which switches to a buffer *mail*
+ and lets you compose a message to send.  C-x 4 m runs mail in
+ another window.  Type C-z C-s in the mail buffer to send the
+ message according to what you have entered in the buffer.
+
+  You must separate the headers from the message text with
+ an empty line.
+
+* You can now dired partial directories (specified with names
+ containing *'s, etc, all processed by the shell).  Also, you
+ can dired more than one directory; dired names the buffer
+ according to the filespec or directory name.  Reinvoking
+ dired on a directory already direded just switches back to
+ the same directory used last time; do M-x revert if you want
+ to read in the current contents of the directory.
+
+  C-x d runs dired, and C-x 4 d runs dired in another window.
+
+  C-x C-d (list-directory) also allows partial directories now.
+
+Lisp programming changes
+
+* t as an output stream now means "print to the minibuffer".
+ If there is already text in the minibuffer printed via t
+ as an output stream, the new text is appended to the old
+ (or is truncated and lost at the margin).  If the minibuffer
+ contains text put there for some other reason, it is cleared
+ first.
+
+  t is now the top-level value of standard-output.
+
+  t as an input stream now means "read via the minibuffer".
+ The minibuffer is used to read a line of input, with editing,
+ and this line is then parsed.  Any excess not used by `read'
+ is ignored; each `read' from t reads fresh input.
+ t is now the top-level value of standard-input.
+
+* A marker may be used as an input stream or an output stream.
+ The effect is to grab input from where the marker points,
+ advancing it over the characters read, or to insert output
+ at the marker and advance it.
+
+* Output from an asynchronous subprocess is now inserted at
+ the end of the associated buffer, not at the buffer's dot,
+ and the buffer's mark is set to the end of the inserted output
+ each time output is inserted.
+
+* (pos-visible-in-window-p POS WINDOW)
+ returns t if position POS in WINDOW's buffer is in the range
+ that is being displayed in WINDOW; nil if it is scrolled
+ vertically out of visibility.
+
+  If display in WINDOW is not currently up to date, this function
+ calculates carefully whether POS would appear if display were
+ done immediately based on the current (window-start WINDOW).
+
+  POS defaults to (dot), and WINDOW to (selected-window).
+
+* Variable buffer-alist replaced by function (buffer-list).
+ The actual alist of buffers used internally by Emacs is now
+ no longer accessible, to prevent the user from crashing Emacs
+ by modifying it.  The function buffer-list returns a list
+ of all existing buffers.  Modifying this list cannot hurt anything
+ as a new list is constructed by each call to buffer-list.
+
+* load now takes an optional third argument NOMSG which, if non-nil,
+ prevents load from printing a message when it starts and when
+ it is done.
+
+* byte-recompile-directory is a new function which finds all
+ the .elc files in a directory, and regenerates each one which
+ is older than the corresponding .el (Lisp source) file.
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+Copyright information:
+
+Copyright (C) 1985 Richard M. Stallman
+
+   Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
+   of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the
+   copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved,
+   thus giving the recipient permission to redistribute in turn.
+
+   Permission is granted to distribute modified versions
+   of this document, or of portions of it,
+   under the above conditions, provided also that they
+   carry prominent notices stating who last changed them.
+
+Local variables:
+mode: text
+end: