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authorEli Zaretskii2023-03-19 08:09:33 +0200
committerEli Zaretskii2023-03-19 08:09:33 +0200
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22<title>Parsing Program Source (GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual)</title>
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62<div class="chapter" id="Parsing-Program-Source">
63<div class="header">
64<p>
65Next: <a href="Abbrevs.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Abbrevs and Abbrev Expansion</a>, Previous: <a href="Syntax-Tables.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Syntax Tables</a>, Up: <a href="index.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">Emacs Lisp</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
66</div>
67<hr>
68<span id="Parsing-Program-Source-1"></span><h2 class="chapter">37 Parsing Program Source</h2>
69
70<span id="index-syntax-tree_002c-from-parsing-program-source"></span>
71<p>Emacs provides various ways to parse program source text and produce a
72<em>syntax tree</em>. In a syntax tree, text is no longer considered a
73one-dimensional stream of characters, but a structured tree of nodes,
74where each node representing a piece of text. Thus, a syntax tree can
75enable interesting features like precise fontification, indentation,
76navigation, structured editing, etc.
77</p>
78<p>Emacs has a simple facility for parsing balanced expressions
79(see <a href="Parsing-Expressions.html">Parsing Expressions</a>). There is also the SMIE library for
80generic navigation and indentation (see <a href="SMIE.html">Simple Minded Indentation Engine</a>).
81</p>
82<p>In addition to those, Emacs also provides integration with
83<a href="https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter">the tree-sitter
84library</a>) if support for it was compiled in. The tree-sitter library
85implements an incremental parser and has support from a wide range of
86programming languages.
87</p>
88<dl class="def">
89<dt id="index-treesit_002davailable_002dp"><span class="category">Function: </span><span><strong>treesit-available-p</strong><a href='#index-treesit_002davailable_002dp' class='copiable-anchor'> &para;</a></span></dt>
90<dd><p>This function returns non-<code>nil</code> if tree-sitter features are
91available for the current Emacs session.
92</p></dd></dl>
93
94<p>To be able to parse the program source using the tree-sitter library
95and access the syntax tree of the program, a Lisp program needs to
96load a language definition library, and create a parser for that
97language and the current buffer. After that, the Lisp program can
98query the parser about specific nodes of the syntax tree. Then, it
99can access various kinds of information about each node, and search
100for nodes using a powerful pattern-matching syntax. This chapter
101explains how to do all this, and also how a Lisp program can work with
102source files that mix multiple programming languages.
103</p>
104
105<ul class="section-toc">
106<li><a href="Language-Definitions.html" accesskey="1">Tree-sitter Language Definitions</a></li>
107<li><a href="Using-Parser.html" accesskey="2">Using Tree-sitter Parser</a></li>
108<li><a href="Retrieving-Nodes.html" accesskey="3">Retrieving Nodes</a></li>
109<li><a href="Accessing-Node-Information.html" accesskey="4">Accessing Node Information</a></li>
110<li><a href="Pattern-Matching.html" accesskey="5">Pattern Matching Tree-sitter Nodes</a></li>
111<li><a href="Multiple-Languages.html" accesskey="6">Parsing Text in Multiple Languages</a></li>
112<li><a href="Tree_002dsitter-major-modes.html" accesskey="7">Developing major modes with tree-sitter</a></li>
113<li><a href="Tree_002dsitter-C-API.html" accesskey="8">Tree-sitter C API Correspondence</a></li>
114</ul>
115</div>
116<hr>
117<div class="header">
118<p>
119Next: <a href="Abbrevs.html">Abbrevs and Abbrev Expansion</a>, Previous: <a href="Syntax-Tables.html">Syntax Tables</a>, Up: <a href="index.html">Emacs Lisp</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
120</div>
121
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