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authorMiles Bader2007-07-26 05:21:48 +0000
committerMiles Bader2007-07-26 05:21:48 +0000
commitfec99105e2cb5ff47aa3c71c55eda771dc9c5eb2 (patch)
tree5d0975e3b861f7006432aa41ee63fbaf314b6ef9
parentd804ada24efd28b8574e2d9e5d87c364e4223e84 (diff)
parentef2805c29bb03f0c8c0d4b37a65f511123dcab1c (diff)
downloademacs-fec99105e2cb5ff47aa3c71c55eda771dc9c5eb2.tar.gz
emacs-fec99105e2cb5ff47aa3c71c55eda771dc9c5eb2.zip
Merge from emacs--rel--22
Patches applied: * emacs--rel--22 (patch 70-73) - Update from CVS 2007-07-25 Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org> * man/emacs.texi (Copying): Replace license with GPLv3. Revision: emacs@sv.gnu.org/emacs--devo--0--patch-828
-rw-r--r--man/emacs.texi969
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diff --git a/man/emacs.texi b/man/emacs.texi
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+++ b/man/emacs.texi
@@ -1297,399 +1297,724 @@ while running shell commands.
1297 1297
1298@node Copying, GNU Free Documentation License, Service, Top 1298@node Copying, GNU Free Documentation License, Service, Top
1299@appendix GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 1299@appendix GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
1300@center Version 2, June 1991 1300@c The GNU General Public License.
1301@center Version 3, 29 June 2007
1302
1303@c This file is intended to be included within another document,
1304@c hence no sectioning command or @node.
1301 1305
1302@display 1306@display
1303Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 1307Copyright @copyright{} 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @url{http://fsf.org/}
130451 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
1305 1308
1306Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 1309Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
1307of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 1310license document, but changing it is not allowed.
1308@end display 1311@end display
1309 1312
1310@unnumberedsec Preamble 1313@heading Preamble
1314
1315The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
1316software and other kinds of works.
1311 1317
1312 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 1318The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
1313freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 1319to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
1314License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 1320the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom
1315software---to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 1321to share and change all versions of a program---to make sure it remains
1316General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 1322free software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation,
1317Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 1323use the GNU General Public License for most of our software; it
1318using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by 1324applies also to any other work released this way by its authors. You
1319the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to 1325can apply it to your programs, too.
1320your programs, too.
1321 1326
1322 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 1327When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
1323price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 1328price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
1324have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 1329have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
1325this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it 1330them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
1326if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it 1331want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
1327in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 1332free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
1328 1333
1329 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 1334To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
1330anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 1335these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you
1331These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you 1336have certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the
1332distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 1337software, or if you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom
1333 1338of others.
1334 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 1339
1335gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 1340For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
1336you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 1341gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
1337source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 1342freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too,
1338rights. 1343receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these
1339 1344terms so they know their rights.
1340 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and 1345
1341(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, 1346Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
1342distribute and/or modify the software. 1347(1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License
1343 1348giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
1344 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 1349
1345that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 1350For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains
1346software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we 1351that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users' and
1347want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so 1352authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
1348that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original 1353changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
1349authors' reputations. 1354authors of previous versions.
1350 1355
1351 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 1356Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
1352patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 1357modified versions of the software inside them, although the
1353program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the 1358manufacturer can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the
1354program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any 1359aim of protecting users' freedom to change the software. The
1355patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 1360systematic pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for
1356 1361individuals to use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable.
1357 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 1362Therefore, we have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the
1363practice for those products. If such problems arise substantially in
1364other domains, we stand ready to extend this provision to those
1365domains in future versions of the GPL, as needed to protect the
1366freedom of users.
1367
1368Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
1369States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of
1370software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish
1371to avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program
1372could make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL
1373assures that patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
1374
1375The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
1358modification follow. 1376modification follow.
1359 1377
1360@iftex 1378@heading TERMS AND CONDITIONS
1361@unnumberedsec TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
1362@end iftex
1363@ifnottex
1364@center TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
1365@end ifnottex
1366 1379
1367@enumerate 0 1380@enumerate 0
1368@item 1381@item Definitions.
1369This License applies to any program or other work which contains 1382
1370a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed 1383``This License'' refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
1371under the terms of this General Public License. The ``Program,'' below, 1384
1372refers to any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program'' 1385``Copyright'' also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds
1373means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: 1386of works, such as semiconductor masks.
1374that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, 1387
1375either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another 1388``The Program'' refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this
1376language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in 1389License. Each licensee is addressed as ``you''. ``Licensees'' and
1377the term ``modification.'') Each licensee is addressed as ``you.'' 1390``recipients'' may be individuals or organizations.
1378 1391
1379Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 1392To ``modify'' a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work
1380covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of 1393in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making of
1381running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program 1394an exact copy. The resulting work is called a ``modified version'' of
1382is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the 1395the earlier work or a work ``based on'' the earlier work.
1383Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). 1396
1384Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 1397A ``covered work'' means either the unmodified Program or a work based
1385 1398on the Program.
1386@item 1399
1387You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 1400To ``propagate'' a work means to do anything with it that, without
1388source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 1401permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
1389conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 1402infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a
1390copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 1403computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying,
1391notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; 1404distribution (with or without modification), making available to the
1392and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License 1405public, and in some countries other activities as well.
1393along with the Program. 1406
1394 1407To ``convey'' a work means any kind of propagation that enables other
1395You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and 1408parties to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user
1396you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 1409through a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not
1397 1410conveying.
1398@item 1411
1399You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 1412An interactive user interface displays ``Appropriate Legal Notices'' to
1400of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 1413the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible
1401distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 1414feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
1402above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 1415tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the
1416extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the
1417work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If
1418the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a
1419menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.
1420
1421@item Source Code.
1422
1423The ``source code'' for a work means the preferred form of the work for
1424making modifications to it. ``Object code'' means any non-source form
1425of a work.
1426
1427A ``Standard Interface'' means an interface that either is an official
1428standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
1429interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that
1430is widely used among developers working in that language.
1431
1432The ``System Libraries'' of an executable work include anything, other
1433than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
1434packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major
1435Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that
1436Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an
1437implementation is available to the public in source code form. A
1438``Major Component'', in this context, means a major essential component
1439(kernel, window system, and so on) of the specific operating system
1440(if any) on which the executable work runs, or a compiler used to
1441produce the work, or an object code interpreter used to run it.
1442
1443The ``Corresponding Source'' for a work in object code form means all
1444the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable
1445work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to
1446control those activities. However, it does not include the work's
1447System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free
1448programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but
1449which are not part of the work. For example, Corresponding Source
1450includes interface definition files associated with source files for
1451the work, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically
1452linked subprograms that the work is specifically designed to require,
1453such as by intimate data communication or control flow between those
1454subprograms and other parts of the work.
1455
1456The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users can
1457regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding Source.
1458
1459The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that same
1460work.
1461
1462@item Basic Permissions.
1463
1464All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
1465copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
1466conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
1467permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a
1468covered work is covered by this License only if the output, given its
1469content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges your
1470rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
1471
1472You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not convey,
1473without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains in force.
1474You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose of having
1475them make modifications exclusively for you, or provide you with
1476facilities for running those works, provided that you comply with the
1477terms of this License in conveying all material for which you do not
1478control copyright. Those thus making or running the covered works for
1479you must do so exclusively on your behalf, under your direction and
1480control, on terms that prohibit them from making any copies of your
1481copyrighted material outside their relationship with you.
1482
1483Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under the
1484conditions stated below. Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10
1485makes it unnecessary.
1486
1487@item Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
1488
1489No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological
1490measure under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article
149111 of the WIPO copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or
1492similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such
1493measures.
1494
1495When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
1496circumvention of technological measures to the extent such
1497circumvention is effected by exercising rights under this License with
1498respect to the covered work, and you disclaim any intention to limit
1499operation or modification of the work as a means of enforcing, against
1500the work's users, your or third parties' legal rights to forbid
1501circumvention of technological measures.
1502
1503@item Conveying Verbatim Copies.
1504
1505You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
1506receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
1507appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice;
1508keep intact all notices stating that this License and any
1509non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code;
1510keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all
1511recipients a copy of this License along with the Program.
1512
1513You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
1514and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
1515
1516@item Conveying Modified Source Versions.
1517
1518You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to
1519produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the
1520terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these
1521conditions:
1403 1522
1404@enumerate a 1523@enumerate a
1524@item
1525The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it,
1526and giving a relevant date.
1527
1405@item 1528@item
1406You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 1529The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released
1407stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 1530under this License and any conditions added under section 7. This
1531requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to ``keep intact all
1532notices''.
1408 1533
1409@item 1534@item
1410You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 1535You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this License to
1411whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any 1536anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This License will
1412part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third 1537therefore apply, along with any applicable section 7 additional terms,
1413parties under the terms of this License. 1538to the whole of the work, and all its parts, regardless of how they
1539are packaged. This License gives no permission to license the work in
1540any other way, but it does not invalidate such permission if you have
1541separately received it.
1414 1542
1415@item 1543@item
1416If the modified program normally reads commands interactively 1544If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
1417when run, you must cause it, when started running for such 1545Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive
1418interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an 1546interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your work
1419announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a 1547need not make them do so.
1420notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
1421a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
1422these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
1423License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
1424does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
1425the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
1426@end enumerate 1548@end enumerate
1427 1549
1428These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If 1550A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
1429identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, 1551works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work,
1430and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in 1552and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program,
1431themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those 1553in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
1432sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you 1554``aggregate'' if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not
1433distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based 1555used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users
1434on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of 1556beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work
1435this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the 1557in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other
1436entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. 1558parts of the aggregate.
1437
1438Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
1439your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
1440exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
1441collective works based on the Program.
1442
1443In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
1444with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
1445a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
1446the scope of this License.
1447 1559
1448@item 1560@item Conveying Non-Source Forms.
1449You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, 1561
1450under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 1562You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of
1451Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 1563sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the machine-readable
1564Corresponding Source under the terms of this License, in one of these
1565ways:
1452 1566
1453@enumerate a 1567@enumerate a
1454@item 1568@item
1455Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable 1569Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
1456source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1570(including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the
14571 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, 1571Corresponding Source fixed on a durable physical medium customarily
1572used for software interchange.
1573
1574@item
1575Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
1576(including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a written
1577offer, valid for at least three years and valid for as long as you
1578offer spare parts or customer support for that product model, to give
1579anyone who possesses the object code either (1) a copy of the
1580Corresponding Source for all the software in the product that is
1581covered by this License, on a durable physical medium customarily used
1582for software interchange, for a price no more than your reasonable
1583cost of physically performing this conveying of source, or (2) access
1584to copy the Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge.
1585
1586@item
1587Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the written
1588offer to provide the Corresponding Source. This alternative is
1589allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and only if you
1590received the object code with such an offer, in accord with subsection
15916b.
1458 1592
1459@item 1593@item
1460Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three 1594Convey the object code by offering access from a designated place
1461years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your 1595(gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the
1462cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete 1596Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
1463machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be 1597further charge. You need not require recipients to copy the
1464distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 1598Corresponding Source along with the object code. If the place to copy
1465customarily used for software interchange; or, 1599the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source may be
1600on a different server (operated by you or a third party) that supports
1601equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain clear directions
1602next to the object code saying where to find the Corresponding Source.
1603Regardless of what server hosts the Corresponding Source, you remain
1604obligated to ensure that it is available for as long as needed to
1605satisfy these requirements.
1466 1606
1467@item 1607@item
1468Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer 1608Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided you
1469to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is 1609inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding Source of
1470allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you 1610the work are being offered to the general public at no charge under
1471received the program in object code or executable form with such 1611subsection 6d.
1472an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) 1612
1473@end enumerate 1613@end enumerate
1474 1614
1475The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for 1615A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded
1476making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source 1616from the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be
1477code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any 1617included in conveying the object code work.
1478associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to 1618
1479control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a 1619A ``User Product'' is either (1) a ``consumer product'', which means any
1480special exception, the source code distributed need not include 1620tangible personal property which is normally used for personal,
1481anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary 1621family, or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for
1482form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the 1622incorporation into a dwelling. In determining whether a product is a
1483operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component 1623consumer product, doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of
1484itself accompanies the executable. 1624coverage. For a particular product received by a particular user,
1485 1625``normally used'' refers to a typical or common use of that class of
1486If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering 1626product, regardless of the status of the particular user or of the way
1487access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent 1627in which the particular user actually uses, or expects or is expected
1488access to copy the source code from the same place counts as 1628to use, the product. A product is a consumer product regardless of
1489distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not 1629whether the product has substantial commercial, industrial or
1490compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 1630non-consumer uses, unless such uses represent the only significant
1631mode of use of the product.
1632
1633``Installation Information'' for a User Product means any methods,
1634procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to
1635install and execute modified versions of a covered work in that User
1636Product from a modified version of its Corresponding Source. The
1637information must suffice to ensure that the continued functioning of
1638the modified object code is in no case prevented or interfered with
1639solely because modification has been made.
1640
1641If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
1642specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as
1643part of a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the
1644User Product is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a
1645fixed term (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the
1646Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied
1647by the Installation Information. But this requirement does not apply
1648if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install
1649modified object code on the User Product (for example, the work has
1650been installed in ROM).
1651
1652The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
1653requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or
1654updates for a work that has been modified or installed by the
1655recipient, or for the User Product in which it has been modified or
1656installed. Access to a network may be denied when the modification
1657itself materially and adversely affects the operation of the network
1658or violates the rules and protocols for communication across the
1659network.
1660
1661Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided,
1662in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly
1663documented (and with an implementation available to the public in
1664source code form), and must require no special password or key for
1665unpacking, reading or copying.
1666
1667@item Additional Terms.
1668
1669``Additional permissions'' are terms that supplement the terms of this
1670License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
1671Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
1672be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
1673that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
1674apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
1675under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
1676this License without regard to the additional permissions.
1677
1678When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
1679remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
1680it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own
1681removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place
1682additional permissions on material, added by you to a covered work,
1683for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission.
1684
1685Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you
1686add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders
1687of that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
1491 1688
1689@enumerate a
1492@item 1690@item
1493You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program 1691Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the terms
1494except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 1692of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
1495otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
1496void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
1497However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
1498this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
1499parties remain in full compliance.
1500 1693
1501@item 1694@item
1502You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 1695Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or author
1503signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 1696attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal Notices
1504distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 1697displayed by works containing it; or
1505prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
1506modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
1507Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
1508all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
1509the Program or works based on it.
1510 1698
1511@item 1699@item
1512Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 1700Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
1513Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the 1701requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
1514original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to 1702reasonable ways as different from the original version; or
1515these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
1516restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
1517You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
1518this License.
1519 1703
1520@item 1704@item
1521If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 1705Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
1522infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 1706authors of the material; or
1523conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
1524otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
1525excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
1526distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
1527License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
1528may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
1529license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
1530all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
1531the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
1532refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
1533
1534If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
1535any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
1536apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
1537circumstances.
1538
1539It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
1540patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
1541such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
1542integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
1543implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
1544generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
1545through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
1546system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
1547to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
1548impose that choice.
1549
1550This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
1551be a consequence of the rest of this License.
1552 1707
1553@item 1708@item
1554If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in 1709Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some trade
1555certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the 1710names, trademarks, or service marks; or
1556original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
1557may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
1558those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
1559countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
1560the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
1561 1711
1562@item 1712@item
1563The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions 1713Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that material by
1564of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 1714anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of it) with
1565be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 1715contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for any
1566address new problems or concerns. 1716liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on those
1717licensors and authors.
1718@end enumerate
1567 1719
1568Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 1720All other non-permissive additional terms are considered ``further
1569specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any 1721restrictions'' within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you
1570later version,'' you have the option of following the terms and conditions 1722received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
1571either of that version or of any later version published by the Free 1723governed by this License along with a term that is a further
1572Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 1724restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains
1573this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 1725a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this
1574Foundation. 1726License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms
1727of that license document, provided that the further restriction does
1728not survive such relicensing or conveying.
1729
1730If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you
1731must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the
1732additional terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating
1733where to find the applicable terms.
1734
1735Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
1736form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions; the
1737above requirements apply either way.
1738
1739@item Termination.
1740
1741You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
1742provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
1743modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
1744this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
1745paragraph of section 11).
1746
1747However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
1748from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
1749unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
1750terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
1751fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
175260 days after the cessation.
1753
1754Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
1755reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
1756violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
1757received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
1758copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
1759your receipt of the notice.
1760
1761Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
1762licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
1763this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
1764reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
1765material under section 10.
1766
1767@item Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
1768
1769You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run
1770a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
1771occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
1772to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
1773nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
1774modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
1775not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
1776covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
1777
1778@item Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
1779
1780Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
1781receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
1782propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
1783for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
1784
1785An ``entity transaction'' is a transaction transferring control of an
1786organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
1787organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
1788work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
1789transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
1790licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could
1791give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
1792Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
1793the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
1794
1795You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
1796rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
1797not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
1798rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
1799(including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
1800any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
1801sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
1802
1803@item Patents.
1804
1805A ``contributor'' is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
1806License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
1807work thus licensed is called the contributor's ``contributor version''.
1808
1809A contributor's ``essential patent claims'' are all patent claims owned
1810or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
1811hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
1812by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
1813but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
1814consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
1815purposes of this definition, ``control'' includes the right to grant
1816patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
1817this License.
1575 1818
1576@item 1819Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
1577If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 1820patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
1578programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author 1821make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
1579to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free 1822propagate the contents of its contributor version.
1580Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes 1823
1581make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals 1824In the following three paragraphs, a ``patent license'' is any express
1582of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and 1825agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
1583of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. 1826(such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
1827sue for patent infringement). To ``grant'' such a patent license to a
1828party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
1829patent against the party.
1830
1831If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
1832and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
1833to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
1834publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
1835then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
1836available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
1837patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
1838consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
1839license to downstream recipients. ``Knowingly relying'' means you have
1840actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
1841covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
1842in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
1843country that you have reason to believe are valid.
1844
1845If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
1846arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
1847covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
1848receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
1849or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
1850you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
1851work and works based on it.
1852
1853A patent license is ``discriminatory'' if it does not include within the
1854scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is conditioned on
1855the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are specifically
1856granted under this License. You may not convey a covered work if you
1857are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the
1858business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the
1859third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the
1860work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties
1861who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent
1862license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work conveyed by
1863you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in
1864connection with specific products or compilations that contain the
1865covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, or that patent
1866license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
1867
1868Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
1869any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
1870otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
1871
1872@item No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
1873
1874If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
1875otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
1876excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey
1877a covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under
1878this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a
1879consequence you may not convey it at all. For example, if you agree
1880to terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying
1881from those to whom you convey the Program, the only way you could
1882satisfy both those terms and this License would be to refrain entirely
1883from conveying the Program.
1884
1885@item Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
1886
1887Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
1888permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
1889under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
1890combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
1891License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
1892but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
1893section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
1894combination as such.
1895
1896@item Revised Versions of this License.
1584 1897
1585@iftex 1898The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
1586@heading NO WARRANTY 1899of the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new
1587@end iftex 1900versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
1588@ifnottex 1901differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
1589@center NO WARRANTY
1590@end ifnottex
1591 1902
1592@item 1903Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
1593BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 1904specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General Public
1594FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW@. EXCEPT WHEN 1905License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of
1595OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 1906following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or
1596PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED 1907of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If
1597OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 1908the Program does not specify a version number of the GNU General
1598MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@. THE ENTIRE RISK AS 1909Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free
1599TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU@. SHOULD THE 1910Software Foundation.
1600PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, 1911
1601REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 1912If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions
1913of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's public
1914statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to
1915choose that version for the Program.
1916
1917Later license versions may give you additional or different
1918permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
1919author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
1920later version.
1921
1922@item Disclaimer of Warranty.
1923
1924THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
1925APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
1926HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT
1927WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
1928LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
1929A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
1930PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE
1931DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR
1932CORRECTION.
1933
1934@item Limitation of Liability.
1602 1935
1603@item
1604IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 1936IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
1605WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 1937WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR
1606REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 1938CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
1607INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 1939INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1608OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 1940ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT
1609TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 1941NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR
1610YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 1942LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM
1611PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 1943TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER
1612POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 1944PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
1945
1946@item Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
1947
1948If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
1949above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
1950reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
1951an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
1952Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
1953copy of the Program in return for a fee.
1954
1613@end enumerate 1955@end enumerate
1614 1956
1615@iftex
1616@heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 1957@heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
1617@end iftex
1618@ifnottex
1619@center END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
1620@end ifnottex
1621 1958
1622@page 1959@heading How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
1623@unnumberedsec How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
1624 1960
1625 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 1961If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
1626possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 1962possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
1627free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 1963free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
1964terms.
1628 1965
1629 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 1966To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
1630to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 1967to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
1631convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 1968state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
1632the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 1969the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
1633 1970
1634@smallexample 1971@smallexample
1635@var{one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.} 1972@var{one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.}
1636Copyright (C) @var{yyyy} @var{name of author} 1973Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{name of author}
1637
1638This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
1639modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
1640as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
1641of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
1642
1643This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
1644but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
1645MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@. See the
1646GNU General Public License for more details.
1647
1648You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
1649with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
165051 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
1651@end smallexample
1652 1974
1653Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 1975This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
1976it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
1977the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
1978your option) any later version.
1654 1979
1655If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 1980This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
1656when it starts in an interactive mode: 1981WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
1982MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
1983General Public License for more details.
1657 1984
1658@smallexample 1985You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
1659Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) @var{yyyy} @var{name of author} 1986along with this program. If not, see @url{http://www.gnu.org/licenses/}.
1660Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
1661type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome
1662to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
1663for details.
1664@end smallexample 1987@end smallexample
1665 1988
1666The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show 1989Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
1667the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
1668commands you use may be called something other than @samp{show w} and
1669@samp{show c}; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items---whatever
1670suits your program.
1671 1990
1672You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 1991If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
1673school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if 1992notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
1674necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
1675 1993
1676@smallexample 1994@smallexample
1677@group 1995@var{program} Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{name of author}
1678Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright 1996This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type @samp{show w}.
1679interest in the program `Gnomovision' 1997This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
1680(which makes passes at compilers) written 1998under certain conditions; type @samp{show c} for details.
1681by James Hacker.
1682
1683@var{signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989
1684Ty Coon, President of Vice
1685@end group
1686@end smallexample 1999@end smallexample
1687 2000
1688This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 2001The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show
1689proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 2002the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your
1690consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 2003program's commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would
1691library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 2004use an ``about box''.
1692Public License instead of this License. 2005
2006You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
2007if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if necessary.
2008For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
2009@url{http://www.gnu.org/licenses/}.
2010
2011The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your
2012program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine
2013library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
2014applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use
2015the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But
2016first, please read @url{http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html}.
2017
1693 2018
1694@node GNU Free Documentation License, Emacs Invocation, Copying, Top 2019@node GNU Free Documentation License, Emacs Invocation, Copying, Top
1695@appendix GNU Free Documentation License 2020@appendix GNU Free Documentation License