Fix some quoting glitches in doc strings

74 files changed, 176 insertions, 175 deletions

diff --git a/lisp/calendar/cal-dst.el b/lisp/calendar/cal-dst.el
index 355f72cd15f..a757a8bf91d 100644
--- a/lisp/calendar/cal-dst.el
+++ b/lisp/calendar/cal-dst.el
@@ -61,11 +61,11 @@ list and for correcting times of day in the solar and lunar calculations.
 For example, if daylight saving time is mandated to start on October 1,
 you would set `calendar-daylight-savings-starts' to
 
-      '(10 1 year)
+      (10 1 year)
 
 If it starts on the first Sunday in April, you would set it to
 
-      '(calendar-nth-named-day 1 0 4 year)
+      (calendar-nth-named-day 1 0 4 year)
 
 If the locale never uses daylight saving time, set this to nil."
   :type 'sexp
diff --git a/lisp/calendar/cal-tex.el b/lisp/calendar/cal-tex.el
index f46c07407d6..e93ee2118e3 100644
--- a/lisp/calendar/cal-tex.el
+++ b/lisp/calendar/cal-tex.el
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
 (defcustom cal-tex-which-days '(0 1 2 3 4 5 6)
   "The days of the week that are displayed on the portrait monthly calendar.
 Sunday is 0, Monday is 1, and so on.  The default is to print from Sunday to
-Saturday.  For example, use '(1 3 5) to only print Monday, Wednesday, Friday."
+Saturday.  For example, (1 3 5) prints only Monday, Wednesday, Friday."
   :type '(repeat integer)
   :group 'calendar-tex)
 
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ date in the weekly calendars, and in the top center of daily calendars.
 The default is ordinal day number of the year and the number of
 days remaining.  As an example, setting this to
 
-    '(calendar-hebrew-date-string date)
+    (calendar-hebrew-date-string date)
 
 will put the Hebrew date at the bottom of each day."
   :type 'sexp
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/cedet-cscope.el b/lisp/cedet/cedet-cscope.el
index 19a4ef98519..6987e4e1439 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/cedet-cscope.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/cedet-cscope.el
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@
 (defun cedet-cscope-search (searchtext texttype type scope)
   "Perform a search with CScope, return the created buffer.
 SEARCHTEXT is text to find.
-TEXTTYPE is the type of text, such as 'regexp, 'string, 'tagname,
-'tagregexp, or 'tagcompletions.
+TEXTTYPE is the type of text, such as `regexp', `string', `tagname',
+`tagregexp', or `tagcompletions'.
 TYPE is the type of search, meaning that SEARCHTEXT is compared to
 filename, tagname (tags table), references (uses of a tag) , or
 symbol (uses of something not in the tag table.)
-SCOPE is the scope of the search, such as 'project or 'subdirs."
+SCOPE is the scope of the search, such as `project' or `subdir'."
   ;; CScope is an interactive program.  It uses number flags
   ;; in order to perform command line searches.  Useful for this
   ;; tool are:
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/cedet-global.el b/lisp/cedet/cedet-global.el
index e3cd7a852a8..bc058f3d4e6 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/cedet-global.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/cedet-global.el
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ GTAGS is used to create the tags table queried by the `global' command."
 (defun cedet-gnu-global-search (searchtext texttype type scope)
   "Perform a search with GNU Global, return the created buffer.
 SEARCHTEXT is text to find.
-TEXTTYPE is the type of text, such as 'regexp, 'string, 'tagname,
-'tagregexp, or 'tagcompletions.
+TEXTTYPE is the type of text, such as `regexp', `string', `tagname',
+`tagregexp', or `tagcompletions'.
 TYPE is the type of search, meaning that SEARCHTEXT is compared to
 filename, tagname (tags table), references (uses of a tag) , or
 symbol (uses of something not in the tag table.)
-SCOPE is the scope of the search, such as 'project or 'subdirs."
+SCOPE is the scope of the search, such as `project' or `subdirs'."
   (let ((flgs (cond ((eq type 'file)
                      "-a")
                     (t "-xa")))
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/cedet-idutils.el b/lisp/cedet/cedet-idutils.el
index f2fbe193621..57f522bf5b4 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/cedet-idutils.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/cedet-idutils.el
@@ -52,12 +52,12 @@
 (defun cedet-idutils-search (searchtext texttype type scope)
   "Perform a search with ID Utils, return the created buffer.
 SEARCHTEXT is text to find.
-TEXTTYPE is the type of text, such as 'regexp, 'string, 'tagname,
-'tagregexp, or 'tagcompletions.
+TEXTTYPE is the type of text, such as `regexp', `string', `tagname',
+`tagregexp', or `tagcompletions'.
 TYPE is the type of search, meaning that SEARCHTEXT is compared to
 filename, tagname (tags table), references (uses of a tag) , or
 symbol (uses of something not in the tag table.)
-SCOPE is the scope of the search, such as 'project or 'subdirs.
+SCOPE is the scope of the search, such as `project' or `subdirs'.
 Note: Scope is not yet supported."
   (if (eq type 'file)
       ;; Calls for file stuff is very simple.
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/ede/files.el b/lisp/cedet/ede/files.el
index a6a0af100f5..cc67d9f8bb6 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/ede/files.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/ede/files.el
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ FILENAME should be just a filename which occurs in a directory controlled
 by this project.
 Optional argument FORCE forces the default filename to be provided even if it
 doesn't exist.
-If FORCE equals 'newfile, then the cache is ignored and a new file in THIS
+If FORCE equals `newfile', then the cache is ignored and a new file in THIS
 is returned."
   (require 'ede/locate)
   (let* ((loc (ede-get-locator-object this))
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/ede/srecode.el b/lisp/cedet/ede/srecode.el
index 2d3636006f9..dee52cab8f9 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/ede/srecode.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/ede/srecode.el
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ updated in FORMS."
 TEMPLATE should specify a context by using a string format of:
   context:templatename
 Add DICTIONARY-ENTRIES into the dictionary before insertion.
-Note: Just like `srecode-insert', but templates found in 'ede app."
+Note: Just like `srecode-insert', but templates found in `ede' app."
   (require 'srecode/insert)
   (ede-srecode-insert-with-dictionary template
 
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/analyze.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/analyze.el
index 6851ad556a7..d3cbe610a79 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/analyze.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/analyze.el
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ This function knows of flags:
 (defun semantic-analyze-find-tag (name &optional tagclass scope)
   "Return the first tag found with NAME or nil if not found.
 Optional argument TAGCLASS specifies the class of tag to return,
-such as 'function or 'variable.
+such as `function' or `variable'.
 Optional argument SCOPE specifies a scope object which has
 additional tags which are in SCOPE and do not need prefixing to
 find.
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/ctxt.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/ctxt.el
index 54ef2ee7594..2f6eba467bf 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/ctxt.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/ctxt.el
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Used for identifying arguments to functions.")
 Return non-nil if there are no more context levels.
 Overloaded functions using `up-context' take no parameters.
 BOUNDS-TYPE is a symbol representing a tag class to restrict
-movement to.  If this is nil, 'function is used.
+movement to.  If this is nil, `function' is used.
 This will find the smallest tag of that class (function, variable,
 type, etc) and make sure non-nil is returned if you cannot
 go up past the bounds of that tag."
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/db-find.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/db-find.el
index 18c749b098e..9a81d18b7d5 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/db-find.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/db-find.el
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ Default action as described in `semanticdb-find-translate-path'."
   "All include tags scanned, plus action taken on the tag.
 Each entry is an alist:
   (ACTION . TAG)
-where ACTION is one of 'scanned, 'duplicate, 'lost
+where ACTION is one of `scanned', `duplicate', `lost'
 and TAG is a clone of the include tag that was found.")
 (make-variable-buffer-local 'semanticdb-find-scanned-include-tags)
 
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/db-typecache.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/db-typecache.el
index 7e0f52fe0b3..a6d9b3c7979 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/db-typecache.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/db-typecache.el
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ found tag to be loaded."
 (defun semanticdb-typecache-find-by-name-helper (name table)
   "Find the tag with NAME in TABLE, which is from a typecache.
 If more than one tag has NAME in TABLE, we will prefer the tag that
-is of class 'type."
+is of class `type'."
   (let* ((names (semantic-find-tags-by-name name table))
          (nmerge (semanticdb-typecache-merge-streams names nil))
          (types (semantic-find-tags-by-class 'type nmerge)))
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/edit.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/edit.el
index 2a25bb5db1c..9319e02c417 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/edit.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/edit.el
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ See `semantic-edits-change-leaf-tag' for details on parents."
 (defun semantic-parse-changes-failed (&rest args)
   "Signal that Semantic failed to parse changes.
 That is, display a message by passing all ARGS to `format-message', then throw
-a 'semantic-parse-changes-failed exception with value t."
+a `semantic-parse-changes-failed' exception with value t."
   (when semantic-edits-verbose-flag
     (message "Semantic parse changes failed: %S"
              (apply #'format-message args)))
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ the semantic cache to see what needs to be changed."
 (defun semantic-edits-incremental-parser-1 ()
   "Incrementally reparse the current buffer.
 Return the list of tags that changed.
-If the incremental parse fails, throw a 'semantic-parse-changes-failed
+If the incremental parse fails, throw a `semantic-parse-changes-failed'
 exception with value t, that can be caught to schedule a full reparse.
 This function is for internal use by `semantic-edits-incremental-parser'."
   (let* ((changed-tags nil)
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/find.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/find.el
index ec38a37295f..8b01b25d99e 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/find.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/find.el
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ attempting to do completions."
 (defmacro semantic-find-tags-by-class (class &optional table)
   "Find all tags of class CLASS in TABLE.
 CLASS is a symbol representing the class of the token, such as
-'variable, of 'function..
+`variable' or `function'.
 TABLE is a tag table.  See `semantic-something-to-tag-table'."
   `(semantic--find-tags-by-macro
     (eq ,class (semantic-tag-class (car tags)))
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ TABLE is a tag table.  See `semantic-something-to-tag-table'."
 (defmacro semantic-filter-tags-by-class (class &optional table)
   "Find all tags of class not in the list CLASS in TABLE.
 CLASS is a list of symbols representing the class of the token,
-such as 'variable, of 'function..
+such as `variable' or `function'.
 TABLE is a tag table.  See `semantic-something-to-tag-table'."
   `(semantic--find-tags-by-macro
     (not (memq (semantic-tag-class (car tags)) ,class))
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/grammar.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/grammar.el
index 53b5ea61f2d..785a05816b7 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/grammar.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/grammar.el
@@ -1738,7 +1738,7 @@ Otherwise return nil."
 (define-mode-local-override semantic-tag-boundary-p
   semantic-grammar-mode (tag)
   "Return non-nil for tags that should have a boundary drawn.
-Only tags of type 'nonterminal will be so marked."
+Only tags of type `nonterminal' will be so marked."
   (let ((c (semantic-tag-class tag)))
     (eq c 'nonterminal)))
 
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/java.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/java.el
index b103c3ce157..f81ad74cf90 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/java.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/java.el
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ Optional argument COLOR indicates that color should be mixed in."
 Java have documentation set in a comment preceding TAG's definition.
 Attempt to strip out comment syntactic sugar, unless optional argument
 NOSNARF is non-nil.
-If NOSNARF is 'lex, then return the semantic lex token."
+If NOSNARF is `lex', then return the semantic lex token."
   (when (or tag (setq tag (semantic-current-tag)))
     (with-current-buffer (semantic-tag-buffer tag)
       (save-excursion
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/lex-spp.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/lex-spp.el
index a81b23ca750..2de579b5b3a 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/lex-spp.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/lex-spp.el
@@ -698,7 +698,7 @@ and what valid VAL values are."
 
 (defun semantic-lex-spp-symbol-merge (txt)
   "Merge the tokens listed in TXT.
-TXT might contain further 'spp-symbol-merge, which will
+TXT might contain further `spp-symbol-merge', which will
 be merged recursively."
   ;; We need to merge the tokens in the 'text segment together,
   ;; and produce a single symbol from it.
@@ -1272,7 +1272,7 @@ VALFORM are forms that return the name of the thing being included, and the
 type of include.  The return value should be of the form:
   (NAME . TYPE)
 where NAME is the name of the include, and TYPE is the type of the include,
-where a valid symbol is 'system, or nil."
+where a valid symbol is `system', or nil."
   (let ((start (make-symbol "start"))
         (end (make-symbol "end"))
         (val (make-symbol "val"))
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/mru-bookmark.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/mru-bookmark.el
index 13cfc586fd7..461097ecb7c 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/mru-bookmark.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/mru-bookmark.el
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ Set this when the tag gets unlinked from the buffer it belongs to.")
            :initform t
            :documentation
            "The reason this tag is interesting.
-Nice values are 'edit, 'read, 'jump, and 'mark.
+Nice values include the following:
  edit - created because the tag text was edited.
  read - created because point lingered in tag text.
  jump - jumped to another tag from this tag.
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/scope.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/scope.el
index 3b38e8a61c3..5dc49d6cb3c 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/scope.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/scope.el
@@ -461,8 +461,8 @@ implicit \"object\"."
 (define-overloadable-function  semantic-analyze-scope-calculate-access (type scope)
   "Calculate the access class for TYPE as defined by the current SCOPE.
 Access is related to the :parents in SCOPE.  If type is a member of SCOPE
-then access would be 'private.  If TYPE is inherited by a member of SCOPE,
-the access would be 'protected.  Otherwise, access is 'public")
+then access would be `private'.  If TYPE is inherited by a member of SCOPE,
+the access would be `protected'.  Otherwise, access is `public'.")
 
 (defun semantic-analyze-scope-calculate-access-default (type scope)
   "Calculate the access class for TYPE as defined by the current SCOPE."
@@ -545,7 +545,8 @@ tag is not something you can complete from within TYPE."
   "Return all parts of TYPE, a tag representing a TYPE declaration.
 SCOPE is the scope object.
 NOINHERIT turns off searching of inherited tags.
-PROTECTION specifies the type of access requested, such as 'public or 'private."
+PROTECTION specifies the type of access requested,
+such as `public' or `private'."
   (if (not type)
       nil
     (let* ((access (semantic-analyze-scope-calculate-access type scope))
@@ -593,8 +594,8 @@ whose tags can be searched when needed, OR it may be a scope object.
 ACCESS is the level of access we filter on child supplied tags.
 For languages with protection on specific methods or slots,
 it should strip out those not accessible by methods of TYPE.
-An ACCESS of 'public means not in a method of a subclass of type.
-A value of 'private means we can access private parts of the originating
+An ACCESS of `public' means not in a method of a subclass of type.
+A value of `private' means we can access private parts of the originating
 type."
   (let ((ret nil))
     (semantic-analyze-scoped-inherited-tag-map
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/symref.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/symref.el
index 85acd50712b..f7404fc0177 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/symref.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/symref.el
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
 ;;; Code:
 (defcustom semantic-symref-tool 'detect
   "The active symbol reference tool name.
-The tool symbol can be 'detect, or a symbol that is the name of
+The tool symbol can be `detect', or a symbol that is the name of
 a tool that can be used for symbol referencing."
   :type 'symbol
   :group 'semantic)
@@ -309,9 +309,9 @@ Can be 'project, 'target, or 'file.")
                :type symbol
                :documentation
                "The kind of search results desired.
-Can be 'line, 'file, or 'tag.
-The type of result can be converted from 'line to 'file, or 'line to 'tag,
-but not from 'file to 'line or 'tag.")
+Can be `line', `file', or `tag'.
+The type of result can be converted from `line' to `file', or `line' to `tag',
+but not from `file' to `line' or `tag'.")
    )
   "Baseclass for all symbol references tools.
 A symbol reference tool supplies functionality to identify the locations of
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/tag-ls.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/tag-ls.el
index ad072a40960..04a6b4e99ff 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/tag-ls.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/tag-ls.el
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ Other languages qualify names within a Namespace (such as C++) which
 result in a different package like structure.
 
 Languages which do not override this function will just search the
-stream for a tag of class 'package, and return that."
+stream for a tag of class `package', and return that."
   (let ((stream (semantic-something-to-tag-table
                  (or stream-or-buffer tag))))
     (:override-with-args (tag stream))))
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/texi.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/texi.el
index 7d663f3e3ac..e5b5823dad5 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/texi.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/texi.el
@@ -300,8 +300,8 @@ can handle the @menu environment.")
   texinfo-mode (&optional point)
   "Determine the class of tags that can be used at POINT.
 For texinfo, there two possibilities returned.
-1) 'function - for a call to a texinfo function
-2) 'word     - indicates an english word.
+1) `function' - for a call to a texinfo function
+2) `word'     - indicates an English word.
 It would be nice to know function arguments too, but not today."
   (let ((sym (semantic-ctxt-current-symbol)))
     (if (and sym (= (aref (car sym) 0) ?@))
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/wisent/comp.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/wisent/comp.el
index 787e30c342a..ace05e9f4b6 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/wisent/comp.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/wisent/comp.el
@@ -2641,7 +2641,7 @@ Decide what to do for each type of token if seen as the lookahead
 token in specified state.  The value returned is used as the default
 action for the state.  In addition, ACTROW is filled with what to do
 for each kind of token, index by symbol number, with nil meaning do
-the default action.  The value 'error, means this situation is an
+the default action.  The value `error', means this situation is an
 error.  The parser recognizes this value specially.
 
 This is where conflicts are resolved.  The loop over lookahead rules
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/semantic/wisent/javascript.el b/lisp/cedet/semantic/wisent/javascript.el
index 4c93c0dc4fa..e17dc68e1f6 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/wisent/javascript.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/wisent/javascript.el
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ is to return a symbol based on type modifiers."
 (define-mode-local-override semantic-analyze-scope-calculate-access js-mode (type scope)
   "Calculate the access class for TYPE as defined by the current SCOPE.
 Access is related to the :parents in SCOPE.  If type is a member of SCOPE
-then access would be 'private.  If TYPE is inherited by a member of SCOPE,
-the access would be 'protected.  Otherwise, access is 'public."
+then access would be `private'.  If TYPE is inherited by a member of SCOPE,
+the access would be `protected'.  Otherwise, access is `public'."
   nil)
 
 (define-mode-local-override semantic-ctxt-current-symbol js-mode (&optional point)
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/srecode/dictionary.el b/lisp/cedet/srecode/dictionary.el
index a0205177caa..de6f21be094 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/srecode/dictionary.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/srecode/dictionary.el
@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ where
 
 ENTRY_N = (NAME ENTRY_N_1 ENTRY_N_2 ...) | TAG
 
-where TAG is a semantic tag of class 'variable.  The (NAME ... )
+where TAG is a semantic tag of class `variable'.  The (NAME ... )
 form creates a child dictionary which is stored under the name
 NAME.  The TAG form creates a value entry or section dictionary
 entry whose name is the name of the tag.
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/srecode/document.el b/lisp/cedet/srecode/document.el
index ad15b3ef6fd..21acc61fef2 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/srecode/document.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/srecode/document.el
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ It is assumed that the comment occurs just in front of FCN-IN."
 
     (when (or (not fcn-in)
               (not (semantic-tag-of-class-p fcn-in 'function)))
-      (error "No tag of class 'function to insert comment for"))
+      (error "No tag of class `function' to insert comment for"))
 
     (if (not (eq (current-buffer) (semantic-tag-buffer fcn-in)))
         (error "Only insert comments for tags in the current buffer"))
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ It is assumed that the comment occurs just after VAR-IN."
 
     (when (or (not var-in)
               (not (semantic-tag-of-class-p var-in 'variable)))
-      (error "No tag of class 'variable to insert comment for"))
+      (error "No tag of class `variable' to insert comment for"))
 
     (if (not (eq (current-buffer) (semantic-tag-buffer var-in)))
         (error "Only insert comments for tags in the current buffer"))
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/srecode/insert.el b/lisp/cedet/srecode/insert.el
index 4e25e1f5ca0..455977bbe03 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/srecode/insert.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/srecode/insert.el
@@ -373,8 +373,8 @@ Can't be blank, or it might be used by regular variable insertion.")
            :initarg :where
            :documentation
            "This should be `begin' or `end', indicating where to insert a CR.
-When `begin', insert a CR if not at 'bol'.
-When `end', insert a CR if not at 'eol'.")
+When `begin', insert a CR if not at `bol'.
+When `end', insert a CR if not at `eol'.")
     ;; @TODO - Add slot and control for the number of blank
     ;;         lines before and after point.
    )
diff --git a/lisp/cedet/srecode/semantic.el b/lisp/cedet/srecode/semantic.el
index 344b908da32..5195016e22a 100644
--- a/lisp/cedet/srecode/semantic.el
+++ b/lisp/cedet/srecode/semantic.el
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ variable default values, and other things."
 ;;; :tagtype ARGUMENT HANDLING
 ;;
 ;; When a :tagtype argument is required, identify the current tag, of
-;; cf class 'type.  Apply those parameters to the dictionary.
+;; class 'type'.  Apply those parameters to the dictionary.
 
 (defun srecode-semantic-handle-:tagtype (dict)
   "Add macros into the dictionary DICT based on a tag of class type at point.
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ Assumes the cursor is in a tag of class type.  If not, throw an error."
   (let ((typetag (or srecode-semantic-selected-tag
                      (semantic-current-tag-of-class 'type))))
     (when (not typetag)
-      (error "Cursor is not in a TAG of class 'type"))
+      (error "Cursor is not in a TAG of class `type'"))
     (srecode-semantic-apply-tag-to-dict
      typetag
      dict)))
@@ -285,8 +285,8 @@ CTXT is the pre-calculated context."
   "Insert TAG into a buffer using srecode templates at point.
 
 Optional STYLE-OPTION is a list of minor configuration of styles,
-such as the symbol 'prototype for prototype functions, or
-'system for system includes, and 'doxygen, for a doxygen style
+such as the symbol `prototype' for prototype functions, or
+`system' for system includes, and `doxygen', for a doxygen style
 comment.
 
 Optional third argument POINT-INSERT-FCN is a hook that is run after
diff --git a/lisp/dired.el b/lisp/dired.el
index 35d883a0115..9d0b13e2279 100644
--- a/lisp/dired.el
+++ b/lisp/dired.el
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Note that `ls-lisp' does not support as many options as GNU ls, though.
 For more details, see Info node `(emacs)ls in Lisp'."
   :group 'dired
   :type '(choice (const :tag
-                        "Use --dired only if 'ls' supports it" unspecified)
+                        "Use --dired only if `ls' supports it" unspecified)
                  (const :tag "Do not use --dired" nil)
                  (other :tag "Always use --dired" t)))
 
diff --git a/lisp/doc-view.el b/lisp/doc-view.el
index 15a1dc3b9bd..e5f0e89a369 100644
--- a/lisp/doc-view.el
+++ b/lisp/doc-view.el
@@ -1021,7 +1021,7 @@ If PAGE is nil, convert the whole document."
 
 (defun doc-view-pdfdraw-program-subcommand ()
   "Return the mutool subcommand replacing mudraw.
-Recent MuPDF distributions replaced 'mudraw' with 'mutool draw'."
+Recent MuPDF distributions replaced `mudraw' with `mutool draw'."
   (when (string-match "mutool[^/\\]*$" doc-view-pdfdraw-program)
     '("draw")))
 
diff --git a/lisp/emacs-lisp/package.el b/lisp/emacs-lisp/package.el
index 6b75ecf7832..26207e03c4f 100644
--- a/lisp/emacs-lisp/package.el
+++ b/lisp/emacs-lisp/package.el
@@ -2622,7 +2622,7 @@ Helper function for `describe-package'."
 
 (defun package-install-button-action (button)
   "Run `package-install' on the package BUTTON points to.
-Used for the 'action property of buttons in the buffer created by
+Used for the `action' property of buttons in the buffer created by
 `describe-package'."
   (let ((pkg-desc (button-get button 'package-desc)))
     (when (y-or-n-p (format-message "Install package `%s'? "
@@ -2633,7 +2633,7 @@ Used for the 'action property of buttons in the buffer created by
 
 (defun package-delete-button-action (button)
   "Run `package-delete' on the package BUTTON points to.
-Used for the 'action property of buttons in the buffer created by
+Used for the `action' property of buttons in the buffer created by
 `describe-package'."
   (let ((pkg-desc (button-get button 'package-desc)))
     (when (y-or-n-p (format-message "Delete package `%s'? "
@@ -2645,7 +2645,7 @@ Used for the 'action property of buttons in the buffer created by
 (defun package-keyword-button-action (button)
   "Show filtered \"*Packages*\" buffer for BUTTON.
 The buffer is filtered by the `package-keyword' property of BUTTON.
-Used for the 'action property of buttons in the buffer created by
+Used for the `action' property of buttons in the buffer created by
 `describe-package'."
   (let ((pkg-keyword (button-get button 'package-keyword)))
     (package-show-package-list t (list pkg-keyword))))
diff --git a/lisp/erc/erc-autoaway.el b/lisp/erc/erc-autoaway.el
index 83a738fd079..608f89902d3 100644
--- a/lisp/erc/erc-autoaway.el
+++ b/lisp/erc/erc-autoaway.el
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ yourself back when you type something."
 
 (defvar erc-autoaway-idletimer nil
   "The Emacs idletimer.
-This is only used when `erc-autoaway-idle-method' is set to 'emacs.")
+This is only used when `erc-autoaway-idle-method' is set to `emacs'.")
 
 (defvar erc-autoaway-last-sent-time (erc-current-time)
   "The last time the user sent something.")
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ user's away status.")
 
 (defun erc-autoaway-reestablish-idletimer ()
   "Reestablish the Emacs idletimer.
-If `erc-autoaway-idle-method' is 'emacs, you must call this
+If `erc-autoaway-idle-method' is `emacs', you must call this
 function each time you change `erc-autoaway-idle-seconds'."
   (interactive)
   (when erc-autoaway-idletimer
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ If none is found, return nil."
   "Add autoaway reset function to `post-command-hook' if at least one
 ERC process is alive.
 
-This is used when `erc-autoaway-idle-method' is 'user."
+This is used when `erc-autoaway-idle-method' is `user'."
   (when (or server (erc-autoaway-some-server-buffer))
     (add-hook 'post-command-hook 'erc-autoaway-reset-idle-user)))
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ This is used when `erc-autoaway-idle-method' is 'user."
   "Remove the autoaway reset function from `post-command-hook' if
 no ERC process is alive.
 
-This is used when `erc-autoaway-idle-method' is 'user."
+This is used when `erc-autoaway-idle-method' is `user'."
   (unless (erc-autoaway-some-server-buffer)
     (remove-hook 'post-command-hook 'erc-autoaway-reset-idle-user)))
 
@@ -140,9 +140,9 @@ Related variables: `erc-public-away-p' and `erc-away-nickname'."
 
 (defcustom erc-autoaway-idle-method 'user
   "The method used to determine how long you have been idle.
-If 'user, the time of the last command sent to Emacs is used.
-If 'emacs, the idle time in Emacs is used.
-If 'irc, the time of the last IRC command is used.
+If `user', the time of the last command sent to Emacs is used.
+If `emacs', the idle time in Emacs is used.
+If `irc', the time of the last IRC command is used.
 
 The time itself is specified by `erc-autoaway-idle-seconds'.
 
diff --git a/lisp/erc/erc-services.el b/lisp/erc/erc-services.el
index b8eef7f618f..fcf73507ac2 100644
--- a/lisp/erc/erc-services.el
+++ b/lisp/erc/erc-services.el
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ NICK is nickserv's nickname.  Use nick@server where necessary/possible.
 KEYWORD is the keyword to use in the reply message to identify yourself.
 USE-CURRENT indicates whether the current nickname must be used when
   identifying.
-ANSWER is the command to use for the answer.  The default is 'privmsg.
+ANSWER is the command to use for the answer.  The default is `privmsg'.
 SUCCESS-REGEXP is a regular expression matching the message nickserv
   sends when you've successfully identified.
 The last two elements are optional."
diff --git a/lisp/gnus/gnus-diary.el b/lisp/gnus/gnus-diary.el
index 16973074be4..1697a633680 100644
--- a/lisp/gnus/gnus-diary.el
+++ b/lisp/gnus/gnus-diary.el
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ Please refer to `format-time-string' for information on possible values."
   "Function called to format a diary delay string.
 It is passed two arguments.  The first one is non-nil if the delay is in
 the past.  The second one is of the form ((NUM . UNIT) ...) where NUM is
-an integer and UNIT is one of 'year 'month 'week 'day 'hour or 'minute.
+an integer and UNIT is one of `year' `month' `week' `day' `hour' or `minute'.
 It should return strings like \"In 2 months, 3 weeks\", \"3 hours,
 1 minute ago\" and so on.
 
diff --git a/lisp/gnus/gnus-msg.el b/lisp/gnus/gnus-msg.el
index 10793455a52..17f1086195e 100644
--- a/lisp/gnus/gnus-msg.el
+++ b/lisp/gnus/gnus-msg.el
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ If ARG is 1, prompt for group name to post to.
 
 This function prepares a news even when using mail groups.  This is useful
 for posting messages to mail groups without actually sending them over the
-network.  The corresponding back end must have a 'request-post method."
+network.  The corresponding back end must have a `request-post' method."
   (interactive "P")
   ;; We can't `let' gnus-newsgroup-name here, since that leads
   ;; to local variables leaking.
@@ -714,7 +714,7 @@ If ARG, don't do that.  If ARG is 1, prompt for group name to post to.
 
 This function prepares a news even when using mail groups.  This is useful
 for posting messages to mail groups without actually sending them over the
-network.  The corresponding back end must have a 'request-post method."
+network.  The corresponding back end must have a `request-post' method."
   (interactive "P")
   ;; We can't `let' gnus-newsgroup-name here, since that leads
   ;; to local variables leaking.
diff --git a/lisp/gnus/gnus-registry.el b/lisp/gnus/gnus-registry.el
index 16e578cc745..e6fb382c2f9 100644
--- a/lisp/gnus/gnus-registry.el
+++ b/lisp/gnus/gnus-registry.el
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ recipients."
   '("delayed$" "drafts$" "queue$" "INBOX$" "^nnmairix:" "archive")
   "List of groups that gnus-registry-split-fancy-with-parent won't return.
 The group names are matched, they don't have to be fully
-qualified.  This parameter tells the Gnus registry 'never split a
+qualified.  This parameter tells the Gnus registry `never split a
 message into a group that matches one of these, regardless of
 references.'
 
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ groups."
 
 (defcustom gnus-registry-extra-entries-precious '(mark)
   "What extra keys are precious, meaning entries with them won't get pruned.
-By default, 'mark is included, so articles with marks are
+By default, `mark' is included, so articles with marks are
 considered precious.
 
 Before you save the Gnus registry, it's pruned.  Any entries with
diff --git a/lisp/gnus/gnus-score.el b/lisp/gnus/gnus-score.el
index 72fcc641559..b66489aae95 100644
--- a/lisp/gnus/gnus-score.el
+++ b/lisp/gnus/gnus-score.el
@@ -826,7 +826,7 @@ HEADER is the header being scored.
 MATCH is the string we are looking for.
 TYPE is the match type: substring, regexp, exact, fuzzy.
 SCORE is the score to add.
-DATE is the expire date, or nil for no expire, or 'now for immediate expire.
+DATE is the expire date, or nil for no expire, or `now' for immediate expire.
 If optional argument `PROMPT' is non-nil, allow user to edit match.
 If optional argument `SILENT' is nil, show effect of score entry.
 If optional argument `EXTRA' is non-nil, it's a non-standard overview header."
diff --git a/lisp/gnus/gnus-sum.el b/lisp/gnus/gnus-sum.el
index f21bc7584e5..b8859528d0b 100644
--- a/lisp/gnus/gnus-sum.el
+++ b/lisp/gnus/gnus-sum.el
@@ -9127,7 +9127,7 @@ a non-numeric prefix arg will use nnir to search the entire
 server; without a prefix arg only the current group is
 searched.  If the variable `gnus-refer-thread-use-nnir' is
 non-nil the prefix arg has the reverse meaning.  If no
-backend-specific 'request-thread function is available fetch
+backend-specific `request-thread' function is available fetch
 LIMIT (the numerical prefix) old headers.  If LIMIT is
 non-numeric or nil fetch the number specified by the
 `gnus-refer-thread-limit' variable."
diff --git a/lisp/gnus/nndiary.el b/lisp/gnus/nndiary.el
index f79d8f17072..a340804064f 100644
--- a/lisp/gnus/nndiary.el
+++ b/lisp/gnus/nndiary.el
@@ -124,13 +124,13 @@ Hortense, would you be so kind as to remind me of my appointments 3 days
 before the date, thank you very much.  Anda, hmmm... by the way, are you
 doing anything special tonight ?\".
 
-The units of measure are 'minute 'hour 'day 'week 'month and 'year (no,
-not 'century, sorry).
+The units of measure are `minute' `hour' `day' `week' `month' and `year' (no,
+not `century', sorry).
 
 NOTE: the units of measure actually express dates, not durations: if you
-use 'week, messages will pop up on Sundays at 00:00 (or Mondays if
+use `week', messages will pop up on Sundays at 00:00 (or Mondays if
 `nndiary-week-starts-on-monday' is non-nil) and *not* 7 days before the
-appointment, if you use 'month, messages will pop up on the first day of
+appointment, if you use `month', messages will pop up on the first day of
 each months, at 00:00 and so on.
 
 If you really want to specify a duration (like 24 hours exactly), you can
diff --git a/lisp/gnus/nnimap.el b/lisp/gnus/nnimap.el
index 856ac75cd66..800ec3b9597 100644
--- a/lisp/gnus/nnimap.el
+++ b/lisp/gnus/nnimap.el
@@ -1134,7 +1134,7 @@ If LIMIT, first try to limit the search to the N last articles."
           (nnimap-command "UID EXPUNGE %s"
                           (nnimap-article-ranges articles))
         (nnheader-message
-         3 (concat "nnimap-expunge set to 'immediately, but "
+         3 (concat "nnimap-expunge set to `immediately', but "
                    "server doesn't support UIDPLUS"))
         nil))
 
diff --git a/lisp/gnus/nnir.el b/lisp/gnus/nnir.el
index 7cb2d1615a2..b8a6639719e 100644
--- a/lisp/gnus/nnir.el
+++ b/lisp/gnus/nnir.el
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ If nil this will use `gnus-summary-line-format'."
 (defcustom nnir-retrieve-headers-override-function nil
   "If non-nil, a function that accepts an article list and group
 and populates the `nntp-server-buffer' with the retrieved
-headers.  Must return either 'nov or 'headers indicating the
+headers.  Must return either `nov' or `headers' indicating the
 retrieved header format.
 
 If this variable is nil, or if the provided function returns nil for
diff --git a/lisp/gnus/nnmairix.el b/lisp/gnus/nnmairix.el
index 6c5502ac3d9..d0a38e17c8e 100644
--- a/lisp/gnus/nnmairix.el
+++ b/lisp/gnus/nnmairix.el
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ The default chooses the largest window in the current frame."
 
 (defcustom nnmairix-propagate-marks-upon-close t
   "Flag if marks should be propagated upon closing a group.
-The default of this variable is t.  If set to 'ask, the
+The default of this variable is t.  If set to `ask', the
 user will be asked if the flags should be propagated when the
 group is closed.  If set to nil, the user will have to manually
 call `nnmairix-propagate-marks'."
@@ -1400,7 +1400,7 @@ nnmairix with nnml backends."
   "Replace folder names in Xref header and correct article numbers.
 Do this for all ARTICLES on BACKENDGROUP.  Replace using
 MAIRIXGROUP.  NUMC contains values for article number correction.
-TYPE is either 'nov or 'headers."
+TYPE is either `nov' or `headers'."
   (nnheader-message 7 "nnmairix: Rewriting headers...")
   (cond
    ((eq type 'nov)
@@ -1449,7 +1449,7 @@ TYPE is either 'nov or 'headers."
 (defun nnmairix-backend-to-server (server)
   "Return nnmairix server most probably responsible for back end SERVER.
 User will be asked if this cannot be determined.  Result is saved in
-parameter 'indexed-servers of corresponding default search
+parameter `indexed-servers' of corresponding default search
 group."
   (let ((allservers (nnmairix-get-nnmairix-servers))
         mairixserver found defaultgroup)
@@ -1459,7 +1459,7 @@ group."
           (while (and allservers (not found))
             (setq mairixserver (gnus-server-to-method (car (pop allservers))))
             ;; First we look if SERVER is the backend of current nnmairix server
-            (setq found (and (eq (cadr (assoc 'nnmairix-backend mairixserver))
+            (setq found (and (eq (cadr (assoc `nnmairix-backend mairixserver))
                                  (car server))
                              (string= (cadr (assoc 'nnmairix-backend-server mairixserver))
                                       (nth 1 server))))
diff --git a/lisp/gnus/spam.el b/lisp/gnus/spam.el
index c701e314fc0..83df2f6198f 100644
--- a/lisp/gnus/spam.el
+++ b/lisp/gnus/spam.el
@@ -831,8 +831,8 @@ backend is STATISTICAL."
 
 (defun spam-backend-list (&optional type)
   "Return a list of all the backend symbols, constrained by TYPE.
-When TYPE is 'non-mover, only non-mover backends are returned.
-When TYPE is 'mover, only mover backends are returned."
+When TYPE is `non-mover', only non-mover backends are returned.
+When TYPE is `mover', only mover backends are returned."
   (let (list)
     (dolist (backend spam-backends)
       (when (or
@@ -882,8 +882,8 @@ that the message is definitely a spam."
 
 (defun spam-backend-function (backend classification type)
   "Get the BACKEND function for CLASSIFICATION and TYPE.
-TYPE is 'registration or 'unregistration.
-CLASSIFICATION is 'ham or 'spam."
+TYPE is `registration' or `unregistration'.
+CLASSIFICATION is `ham' or `spam'."
   (if (and
        (spam-classification-valid-p classification)
        (spam-backend-function-type-valid-p type))
@@ -1520,7 +1520,7 @@ In the case of mover backends, checks the setting of
 (defun spam-fetch-field-fast (article field &optional prepared-data-header)
   "Fetch a FIELD for ARTICLE with the internal `gnus-data-find' function.
 When PREPARED-DATA-HEADER is given, don't look in the Gnus data.
-When FIELD is 'number, ARTICLE can be any number (since we want
+When FIELD is `number', ARTICLE can be any number (since we want
 to find it out)."
   (when (numberp article)
     (let* ((data-header (or prepared-data-header
diff --git a/lisp/ibuf-ext.el b/lisp/ibuf-ext.el
index 44c7e74839f..13223de6e7e 100644
--- a/lisp/ibuf-ext.el
+++ b/lisp/ibuf-ext.el
@@ -1321,8 +1321,8 @@ matches against '/a/b/c.d'."
 (define-ibuffer-filter basename
     "Limit current view to buffers with file basename matching QUALIFIER.
 
-For example, for a buffer associated with file '/a/b/c.d', this
-matches against 'c.d'."
+For example, for a buffer associated with file `/a/b/c.d', this
+matches against `c.d'."
   (:description "file basename"
    :reader (read-from-minibuffer
             "Filter by file name, without directory part (regex): "))
@@ -1335,7 +1335,7 @@ matches against 'c.d'."
 
 The separator character (typically `.') is not part of the
 pattern.  For example, for a buffer associated with file
-'/a/b/c.d', this matches against 'd'."
+`/a/b/c.d', this matches against `d'."
   (:description "filename extension"
    :reader (read-from-minibuffer
             "Filter by filename extension without separator (regex): "))
@@ -1596,7 +1596,7 @@ to move by.  The default is `ibuffer-marked-char'."
   "Hide all of the currently marked lines."
   (interactive)
   (if (= (ibuffer-count-marked-lines) 0)
-      (message "No buffers marked; use 'm' to mark a buffer")
+      (message "No buffers marked; use `m' to mark a buffer")
     (let ((count
            (ibuffer-map-marked-lines
             #'(lambda (_buf _mark)
diff --git a/lisp/ibuffer.el b/lisp/ibuffer.el
index c81b05efec6..e223e4a436b 100644
--- a/lisp/ibuffer.el
+++ b/lisp/ibuffer.el
@@ -651,24 +651,24 @@ directory, like `default-directory'."
     (define-key-after map [menu-bar view filter filter-by-filename]
       '(menu-item "Add filter by full filename..." ibuffer-filter-by-filename
                   :help
-                  (concat "For a buffer associated with file '/a/b/c.d', "
-                          "list buffer if a given pattern matches '/a/b/c.d'")))
+                  (concat "For a buffer associated with file `/a/b/c.d', "
+                          "list buffer if a given pattern matches `/a/b/c.d'")))
     (define-key-after map [menu-bar view filter filter-by-basename]
       '(menu-item "Add filter by file basename..."
                   ibuffer-filter-by-basename
-                  :help (concat "For a buffer associated with file '/a/b/c.d', "
-                                "list buffer if a given pattern matches 'c.d'")))
+                  :help (concat "For a buffer associated with file `/a/b/c.d', "
+                                "list buffer if a given pattern matches `c.d'")))
     (define-key-after map [menu-bar view filter filter-by-file-extension]
       '(menu-item "Add filter by file name extension..."
                   ibuffer-filter-by-file-extension
-                  :help (concat "For a buffer associated with file '/a/b/c.d', "
-                                "list buffer if a given pattern matches 'd'")))
+                  :help (concat "For a buffer associated with file `/a/b/c.d', "
+                                "list buffer if a given pattern matches `d'")))
     (define-key-after map [menu-bar view filter filter-by-directory]
       '(menu-item "Add filter by filename's directory..."
                   ibuffer-filter-by-directory
                   :help
-                  (concat "For a buffer associated with file '/a/b/c.d', "
-                          "list buffer if a given pattern matches '/a/b'")))
+                  (concat "For a buffer associated with file `/a/b/c.d', "
+                          "list buffer if a given pattern matches `/a/b'")))
     (define-key-after map [menu-bar view filter filter-by-size-lt]
       '(menu-item "Add filter by size less than..." ibuffer-filter-by-size-lt))
     (define-key-after map [menu-bar view filter filter-by-size-gt]
@@ -1377,7 +1377,7 @@ Otherwise, toggle lock status."
   "Unmark all buffers with mark MARK."
   (interactive "cRemove marks (RET means all):")
   (if (= (ibuffer-count-marked-lines t) 0)
-      (message "No buffers marked; use 'm' to mark a buffer")
+      (message "No buffers marked; use `m' to mark a buffer")
     (let ((fn (lambda (_buf mk)
                 (unless (eq mk ?\s)
                   (ibuffer-set-mark-1 ?\s)) t)))
diff --git a/lisp/image-dired.el b/lisp/image-dired.el
index 85bc9247949..ca3ed58e20d 100644
--- a/lisp/image-dired.el
+++ b/lisp/image-dired.el
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ according to the Thumbnail Managing Standard."
 
 (defun image-dired-thumb-size (dimension)
   "Return thumb size depending on `image-dired-thumbnail-storage'.
-DIMENSION should be either the symbol 'width or 'height."
+DIMENSION should be either the symbol `width' or `height'."
   (cond
    ((eq 'standard image-dired-thumbnail-storage) 128)
    ((eq 'standard-large image-dired-thumbnail-storage) 256)
diff --git a/lisp/mh-e/mh-identity.el b/lisp/mh-e/mh-identity.el
index 0b698395756..12457302eab 100644
--- a/lisp/mh-e/mh-identity.el
+++ b/lisp/mh-e/mh-identity.el
@@ -282,9 +282,9 @@ If VALUE is nil, use `mh-extract-from-attribution-verb'."
 
 (defun mh-identity-handler-default (field action top &optional value)
   "Process header FIELD.
-The ACTION is one of 'remove or 'add. If TOP is non-nil, add the
+The ACTION is one of `remove' or `add'. If TOP is non-nil, add the
 field and its VALUE at the top of the header, else add it at the
-bottom of the header. If action is 'add, the VALUE is added."
+bottom of the header. If action is `add', the VALUE is added."
   (let ((field-colon (if (string-match "^.*:$" field)
                          field
                        (concat field ":"))))
diff --git a/lisp/mh-e/mh-letter.el b/lisp/mh-e/mh-letter.el
index 46762f12fd3..a27247af5b6 100644
--- a/lisp/mh-e/mh-letter.el
+++ b/lisp/mh-e/mh-letter.el
@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@ callable from a mouse button."
 (defun mh-insert-prefix-string (mh-ins-string)
   "Insert prefix string before each line in buffer.
 The inserted letter is cited using `sc-cite-original' if
-`mh-yank-behavior' is one of 'supercite or 'autosupercite.
+`mh-yank-behavior' is one of `supercite' or `autosupercite'.
 Otherwise, simply insert MH-INS-STRING before each line."
   (goto-char (point-min))
   (cond ((or (eq mh-yank-behavior 'supercite)
diff --git a/lisp/mh-e/mh-search.el b/lisp/mh-e/mh-search.el
index 596f00961b2..97f1fddcd0e 100644
--- a/lisp/mh-e/mh-search.el
+++ b/lisp/mh-e/mh-search.el
@@ -1329,7 +1329,7 @@ is used to search."
   "Read the next result.
 Parse it and return the message folder, message index and the
 match. If no other matches left then return nil. If the current
-record is invalid return 'error."
+record is invalid return `error'."
   (prog1
       (cl-block nil
         (when (eobp)
diff --git a/lisp/mwheel.el b/lisp/mwheel.el
index e3648d98826..c9ece2dfcac 100644
--- a/lisp/mwheel.el
+++ b/lisp/mwheel.el
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ face height."
   :version "26.1")
 
 (defcustom mouse-wheel-flip-direction nil
-  "Swap direction of 'wheel-right and 'wheel-left."
+  "Swap direction of `wheel-right' and `wheel-left'."
   :group 'mouse
   :type 'boolean
   :version "26.1")
diff --git a/lisp/net/network-stream.el b/lisp/net/network-stream.el
index 4050c83eb0c..1571c761893 100644
--- a/lisp/net/network-stream.el
+++ b/lisp/net/network-stream.el
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@
   "Whether to use client certificates for network connections.
 
 When non-nil, `open-network-stream' will automatically look for
-matching client certificates (via 'auth-source') for a
+matching client certificates (via `auth-source') for a
 destination server, if it is called without a :client-certificate
 keyword.
 
 Set to nil to disable this lookup globally.  To disable on a
-per-connection basis, specify ':client-certificate nil' when
+per-connection basis, specify `:client-certificate nil' when
 calling `open-network-stream'."
   :group 'network
   :type 'boolean
diff --git a/lisp/obsolete/lucid.el b/lisp/obsolete/lucid.el
index d1b702ed556..b4995609f10 100644
--- a/lisp/obsolete/lucid.el
+++ b/lisp/obsolete/lucid.el
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ bottom of the buffer stack."
 
 (defun device-class (&optional device)
   "Return the class (color behavior) of DEVICE.
-This will be one of 'color, 'grayscale, or 'mono.
+This will be one of `color', `grayscale', or `mono'.
 This function exists for compatibility with XEmacs."
   (cond
    ((display-color-p device) 'color)
diff --git a/lisp/obsolete/mantemp.el b/lisp/obsolete/mantemp.el
index ad638422c2b..af4a27bb7e2 100644
--- a/lisp/obsolete/mantemp.el
+++ b/lisp/obsolete/mantemp.el
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ the lines."
     ;; subsequently remove 'class' for functions so we don't need to
     ;; both scan for classes and functions.
     (goto-char (point-min))
-    (message "Inserting 'template class' for classes")
+    (message "Inserting `template class' for classes")
     (while (re-search-forward "^.+" nil t)
       (progn
         (beginning-of-line)
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ the lines."
             (insert "template ")
           (insert "template class "))))
     (goto-char (point-min))
-    (message "Inserting 'template' for functions")
+    (message "Inserting `template' for functions")
     (while (re-search-forward
             "^template class [a-zA-Z :&*<>~=,0-9+!]*(" nil t nil)
       (progn
diff --git a/lisp/obsolete/vip.el b/lisp/obsolete/vip.el
index 9943fb2548b..4d24e694a19 100644
--- a/lisp/obsolete/vip.el
+++ b/lisp/obsolete/vip.el
@@ -2250,7 +2250,7 @@ a token has type \(command, address, end-mark\) and value."
            (forward-char 1)
            (cond ((looking-at "'") (setq ex-token nil))
                  ((looking-at "[a-z]") (setq ex-token (following-char)))
-                 (t (error "Marks are ' and a-z")))
+                 (t (error "%s" "Marks are ' and a-z" ?')))
            (forward-char 1))
           ((looking-at "\n")
            (setq ex-token-type "end-mark")
diff --git a/lisp/org/ob-lua.el b/lisp/org/ob-lua.el
index 9b152f29f4e..8712619ecc6 100644
--- a/lisp/org/ob-lua.el
+++ b/lisp/org/ob-lua.el
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 
 (defcustom org-babel-lua-mode 'lua-mode
   "Preferred lua mode for use in running lua interactively.
-This will typically be 'lua-mode."
+This will typically be `lua-mode'."
   :group 'org-babel
   :version "26.1"
   :package-version '(Org . "8.3")
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ This will typically be 'lua-mode."
   :type 'string)
 
 (defcustom org-babel-lua-None-to 'hline
-  "Replace 'None' in lua tables with this before returning."
+  "Replace `None' in lua tables with this before returning."
   :group 'org-babel
   :version "26.1"
   :package-version '(Org . "8.3")
@@ -285,8 +285,8 @@ fd:close()")
 (defun org-babel-lua-evaluate-external-process
     (body &optional result-type result-params preamble)
   "Evaluate BODY in external lua process.
-If RESULT-TYPE equals 'output then return standard output as a
-string.  If RESULT-TYPE equals 'value then return the value of the
+If RESULT-TYPE equals `output' then return standard output as a
+string.  If RESULT-TYPE equals `value' then return the value of the
 last statement in BODY, as elisp."
   (let ((raw
          (pcase result-type
@@ -317,8 +317,8 @@ last statement in BODY, as elisp."
 (defun org-babel-lua-evaluate-session
     (session body &optional result-type result-params)
   "Pass BODY to the Lua process in SESSION.
-If RESULT-TYPE equals 'output then return standard output as a
-string.  If RESULT-TYPE equals 'value then return the value of the
+If RESULT-TYPE equals `output' then return standard output as a
+string.  If RESULT-TYPE equals `value' then return the value of the
 last statement in BODY, as elisp."
   (let* ((send-wait (lambda () (comint-send-input nil t) (sleep-for 0 5)))
          (dump-last-value
diff --git a/lisp/org/org-agenda.el b/lisp/org/org-agenda.el
index 66c3d965e09..6870b780fa2 100644
--- a/lisp/org/org-agenda.el
+++ b/lisp/org/org-agenda.el
@@ -3920,7 +3920,7 @@ dimming them."
 the header at `org-hd-marker' is blocked according to
 `org-entry-blocked-p', then if `org-agenda-dim-blocked-tasks' is
 'invisible and the header is not blocked by checkboxes, set the
-text property `org-todo-blocked' to 'invisible, otherwise set it
+text property `org-todo-blocked' to `invisible', otherwise set it
 to t."
   (when (get-text-property 0 'todo-state entry)
     (let ((entry-marker (get-text-property 0 'org-hd-marker entry))
diff --git a/lisp/org/ox-latex.el b/lisp/org/ox-latex.el
index e617317a062..1ec835a47e9 100644
--- a/lisp/org/ox-latex.el
+++ b/lisp/org/ox-latex.el
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ variable is non-nil, Org passes their value to \\label unchanged.
 You are responsible for ensuring that the value is a valid LaTeX
 \\label key, and that no other \\label commands with the same key
 appear elsewhere in your document.  (Keys may contain letters,
-numbers, and the following punctuation: '_' '.'  '-' ':'.)  There
+numbers, and the following punctuation: `_' `.' `-' `:'.)  There
 are no such limitations on CUSTOM_ID and NAME when this variable
 is nil.
 
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/cc-bytecomp.el b/lisp/progmodes/cc-bytecomp.el
index 0cbff579d20..cbffbf47118 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/cc-bytecomp.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/cc-bytecomp.el
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ somewhat intentional."
 file CC-PART.el in the current directory to be loaded at compile
 time, (ii) generate code to load the file at load time.
 
-CC-PART will normally be a quoted name such as 'cc-fix.
+CC-PART will normally be a quoted name such as \\='cc-fix.
 CONDITION should not be quoted."
   (if (eval condition)
       (progn
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ file CC-PART.el in the current directory to be loaded at compile
 time, (ii) generate an `eval-after-load' form to load CC-PART.el
 after the loading of FILE.
 
-CC-PART will normally be a quoted name such as 'cc-fix.  FILE
+CC-PART will normally be a quoted name such as \\='cc-fix.  FILE
 should be a string.  CONDITION should not be quoted."
   (if (eval condition)
       (progn
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/cc-engine.el b/lisp/progmodes/cc-engine.el
index cceb58c290a..15b23bb2e6a 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/cc-engine.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/cc-engine.el
@@ -5059,10 +5059,10 @@ that region is taken as syntactically significant text.
 
 NOERROR, in addition to the values nil, t, and <anything else>
 used in `re-search-forward' can also take the values
-'before-literal and 'after-literal.  In these cases, when BOUND
+`before-literal' and `after-literal'.  In these cases, when BOUND
 is also given and is inside a literal, and a search fails, point
 will be left, respectively before or after the literal.  Be aware
-that with 'after-literal, if a string or comment is unclosed at
+that with `after-literal', if a string or comment is unclosed at
 the end of the buffer, point may be left there, even though it is
 inside a literal there.
 
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/idlw-shell.el b/lisp/progmodes/idlw-shell.el
index 3367454c1cc..8d6092b5010 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/idlw-shell.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/idlw-shell.el
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ So by default setting a breakpoint will be on C-c C-d C-b."
 (defcustom idlwave-shell-automatic-electric-debug 'breakpoint
   "Enter the electric-debug minor mode automatically.
 This occurs at a breakpoint or any other halt.  The mode is exited
-upon return to the main level.  Can be set to 'breakpoint to enter
+upon return to the main level.  Can be set to `breakpoint' to enter
 electric debug mode only when breakpoints are tripped."
   :group 'idlwave-shell-general-setup
   :type '(choice
@@ -281,8 +281,8 @@ is non-nil."
 (defcustom idlwave-shell-show-commands
   '(run misc breakpoint)
   "A list of command types to show output from in the shell.
-Possibilities are 'run, 'debug, 'breakpoint, and 'misc.  Unselected
-types are not displayed in the shell.  The type 'everything causes all
+Possibilities are `run', `debug', `breakpoint', and `misc'.  Unselected
+types are not displayed in the shell.  The type `everything' causes all
 the copious shell traffic to be displayed."
   :group 'idlwave-shell-command-setup
   :type '(choice
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ before use by the shell.")
 (defun idlwave-shell-temp-file (type)
   "Return a temp file, creating it if necessary.
 
-TYPE is either 'pro' or 'rinfo', and `idlwave-shell-temp-pro-file' or
+TYPE is either `pro' or `rinfo', and `idlwave-shell-temp-pro-file' or
 `idlwave-shell-temp-rinfo-save-file' is set (respectively)."
   (cond
    ((eq type 'rinfo)
@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@ See also the variable `idlwave-shell-prompt-pattern'.
 
 (defun idlwave-shell-hide-p (type &optional list)
   "Whether to hide this type of command.
-Return either nil or 'hide."
+Return either nil or `hide'."
   (let ((list (or list idlwave-shell-show-commands)))
     (if (listp list)
       (if (not (memq type list)) 'hide))))
@@ -1222,13 +1222,13 @@ If optional second argument PCMD is non-nil it will be placed on
 `idlwave-shell-post-command-hook' when CMD is executed.
 
 If the optional third argument HIDE is non-nil, then hide output from
-CMD, unless it is the symbol 'mostly, in which case only output
+CMD, unless it is the symbol `mostly', in which case only output
 beginning with \"%\" is hidden, and all other output (i.e., the
 results of a PRINT command), is shown.  This helps with, e.g.,
 stepping through code with output.
 
 If optional fourth argument PREEMPT is non-nil CMD is put at front of
-`idlwave-shell-pending-commands'.  If PREEMPT is 'wait, wait for all
+`idlwave-shell-pending-commands'.  If PREEMPT is `wait', wait for all
 output to complete and the next prompt to arrive before returning
 \(useful if you need an answer now).  IDL is considered ready if the
 prompt is present and if `idlwave-shell-ready' is non-nil.
@@ -1639,8 +1639,8 @@ IDL has stopped.  The types of messages we are interested in are
 execution halted, stepped, breakpoint, interrupted at and trace
 messages.  For breakpoint messages process any attached count or
 command parameters.  Update the stop line if a message is found.
-The variable `idlwave-shell-current-state' is set to 'error, 'halt,
-or 'breakpoint, which describes the status, or nil for none of
+The variable `idlwave-shell-current-state' is set to `error', `halt',
+or `breakpoint', which describes the status, or nil for none of
 the above."
   (let (trace)
     (cond
@@ -2282,8 +2282,8 @@ is used.  Does nothing if the resulting frame is nil."
 FRAME is a list of file name, line number, and subroutine name.  If
 FRAME is nil then remove overlay.  If COL is set, move point to that
 column in the line.  If DEBUG is non-nil, enable the electric debug
-mode.  If it is 'disable, do not enable no matter what the setting of
-`idlwave-shell-automatic-electric-debug'.  If it is 'force, enable no
+mode.  If it is `disable', do not enable no matter what the setting of
+`idlwave-shell-automatic-electric-debug'.  If it is `force', enable no
 matter what the settings of that variable."
   (if (not frame)
       ;; remove stop-line overlay from old position
@@ -2560,7 +2560,7 @@ stopped at a breakpoint."
 (defun idlwave-shell-toggle-enable-current-bp (&optional bp force
                                                          no-update)
   "Disable or enable current breakpoint or a breakpoint passed in BP.
-If FORCE is 'disable or 'enable, for that condition instead of
+If FORCE is `disable' or `enable', for that condition instead of
 toggling.  If NO-UPDATE is non-nil, don't update the breakpoint
 list after toggling."
   (interactive)
@@ -3114,7 +3114,7 @@ versions of IDL."
 (defun idlwave-shell-help-statement (help expr)
   "Construct a help statement for printing expression EXPR.
 
-HELP can be non-nil for `help,', nil for 'print,' or any string into which
+HELP can be non-nil for `help,', nil for `print,' or any string into which
 to insert expression in place of the marker ___, e.g.: print,
 size(___,/DIMENSIONS)"
   (cond
@@ -3287,9 +3287,9 @@ Queries IDL using the string in `idlwave-shell-bp-query'."
   "Get a value for a breakpoint.
 BP has the form of elements in `idlwave-shell-bp-alist'.
 Optional second arg ITEM is the particular value to retrieve.
-ITEM can be 'file, 'line, 'index, 'module, 'count, 'cmd,
-'condition, 'disabled, 'type, or 'data.  'data returns a list
-of 'count, 'cmd and 'condition.  Defaults to 'index."
+ITEM can be `file', `line', `index', `module', `count', `cmd',
+`condition', `disabled', `type', or `data'.  `data' returns a list
+of `count', `cmd' and `condition'.  Defaults to `index'."
   (cond
    ;; Frame
    ((eq item 'line) (nth 1 (car bp)))
@@ -3636,7 +3636,7 @@ Existing overlays are recycled, in order to minimize consumption."
   "Make a new overlay for highlighting breakpoints.
 
 This stuff is strongly dependent upon the version of Emacs.  If TYPE
-is passed, make an overlay of that type ('bp or 'bp-cond, currently
+is passed, make an overlay of that type (`bp' or `bp-cond', currently
 only for glyphs)."
   (let ((ov (make-overlay 1 1))
         (use-glyph (and (memq idlwave-shell-mark-breakpoints '(t glyph))
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/mixal-mode.el b/lisp/progmodes/mixal-mode.el
index a759709b5c8..8dcd625adc9 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/mixal-mode.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/mixal-mode.el
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ part of the subfield. The default field for STJ is (0:2)."
          2)
 
     (STZ storing "store zero" 33 field
-         "Store in cell Nr. M '+ 0'.
+         "Store in cell Nr. M `+ 0'.
 The modification of the operation code represents the subfield of the
 memory cell that is to be overwritten with zeros."
          2)
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/project.el b/lisp/progmodes/project.el
index c7807f39447..5627a215739 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/project.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/project.el
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ is not a part of a detectable project either, return a
       (setq dir (read-directory-name "Choose the project directory: " dir nil t)
             pr (project--find-in-directory dir))
       (unless pr
-        (message "Using '%s' as a transient project root" dir)
+        (message "Using `%s' as a transient project root" dir)
         (setq pr (cons 'transient dir)))))
     pr))
 
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/python.el b/lisp/progmodes/python.el
index e672645c734..37e0ccf7198 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/python.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/python.el
@@ -3747,7 +3747,7 @@ Used to extract the current line and module being inspected.
 
 Must match lines with real filename, like
  > /path/to/file.py(42)<module>()->None
-and lines in which filename starts with '<', e.g.
+and lines in which filename starts with `<', e.g.
  > <stdin>(1)<module>()->None
 
 In the first case /path/to/file.py file will be visited and overlay icon
@@ -3762,21 +3762,21 @@ Line number is expected in the second parenthesized expression."
   :safe 'stringp)
 
 (defcustom python-pdbtrack-continue-command '("c" "cont" "continue")
-  "Pdb 'continue' command aliases.
-After one of this commands is sent to pdb, pdbtracking session is
+  "Pdb `continue' command aliases.
+After one of these commands is sent to pdb, the pdbtracking session is
 considered over.
 
-This command is remembered by pdbtracking.  If next command sent to pdb
-is empty string, it considered 'continue' command if previous command
-was 'continue'.  This behavior slightly differentiate 'continue' command
-from 'exit' commands listed in `python-pdbtrack-exit-command'.
+This command is remembered by pdbtracking.  If the next command sent to pdb
+is the empty string, it is treated as `continue' if the previous command
+was `continue'.  This behavior slightly differentiates the `continue' command
+from the `exit' command listed in `python-pdbtrack-exit-command'.
 
 See `python-pdbtrack-activate' for pdbtracking session overview."
   :type 'list
   :version "27.1")
 
 (defcustom python-pdbtrack-exit-command '("q" "quit" "exit")
-  "Pdb 'exit' command aliases.
+  "Pdb `exit' command aliases.
 After one of this commands is sent to pdb, pdbtracking session is
 considered over.
 
@@ -3801,7 +3801,7 @@ Never set this variable directly, use
   "List of buffers to be deleted after tracking finishes.")
 
 (defvar python-pdbtrack-prev-command-continue nil
-  "Is t if previous pdb command was 'continue'.")
+  "Is t if previous pdb command was `continue'.")
 
 (defun python-pdbtrack-set-tracked-buffer (file-name)
   "Set the buffer for FILE-NAME as the tracked buffer.
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/ruby-mode.el b/lisp/progmodes/ruby-mode.el
index 69acc7a3944..b9d9347b5b3 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/ruby-mode.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/ruby-mode.el
@@ -1807,9 +1807,9 @@ If the result is do-end block, it will always be multiline."
 (defun ruby-find-library-file (&optional feature-name)
   "Visit a library file denoted by FEATURE-NAME.
 FEATURE-NAME is a relative file name, file extension is optional.
-This commands delegates to 'gem which', which searches both
+This commands delegates to `gem which', which searches both
 installed gems and the standard library.  When called
-interactively, defaults to the feature name in the 'require'
+interactively, defaults to the feature name in the `require'
 statement around point."
   (interactive)
   (unless feature-name
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/simula.el b/lisp/progmodes/simula.el
index 9fc6d54faf3..a894e8e3f75 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/simula.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/simula.el
@@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@ If COUNT is negative, move backward instead."
                    ((eq (following-char) ?\;)
                     (if (zerop parlevel)
                         (throw 'simula-out nil)
-                      (error "Parenthesis mismatch or misplaced ';'")))
+                      (error "Parenthesis mismatch or misplaced `;'")))
                    ((eq (following-char) ?\()
                     (if (zerop parlevel)
                         (throw 'simula-out (1+ (current-column)))
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/vhdl-mode.el b/lisp/progmodes/vhdl-mode.el
index 16ddcdebc9f..dc5bf203a21 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/vhdl-mode.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/vhdl-mode.el
@@ -8737,13 +8737,13 @@ project is defined."
        ((/= (preceding-char) ?-)        ; standard dash (minus)
         (self-insert-command count))
        (t (self-insert-command count)
-          (message "Enter '-' for horiz. line, 'CR' for commenting-out code, else enter comment")
+          (message "Enter `-' for horiz. line, RET for commenting-out code, else enter comment")
           (let ((next-input (read-char)))
             (if (= next-input ?-)       ; triple dash
                 (progn
                   (vhdl-comment-display-line)
                   (message
-                   "Enter '-' for display comment, else continue coding")
+                   "Enter `-' for display comment, else continue coding")
                   (let ((next-input (read-char)))
                     (if (= next-input ?-) ; four dashes
                         (vhdl-comment-display t)
diff --git a/lisp/so-long.el b/lisp/so-long.el
index 43602b48313..b5eb1242156 100644
--- a/lisp/so-long.el
+++ b/lisp/so-long.el
@@ -1342,7 +1342,7 @@ This is the `so-long-revert-function' for `so-long-mode'."
 (defun so-long-mode-downgrade (&optional mode)
   "The default value for `so-long-file-local-mode-function'.
 
-A buffer-local 'downgrade' from `so-long-mode' to `so-long-minor-mode'.
+A buffer-local \"downgrade\" from `so-long-mode' to `so-long-minor-mode'.
 
 When `so-long-function' is set to `so-long-mode', then we change it to to
 `turn-on-so-long-minor-mode' instead -- retaining the file-local major
@@ -1373,13 +1373,13 @@ This is a `so-long-file-local-mode-function' option."
   ;; See also "Files with a file-local 'mode'" in the Commentary.
   "Handle the header-comments processing in `set-auto-mode'.
 
-`set-auto-mode' has some special-case code to handle the 'mode' pseudo-variable
+`set-auto-mode' has some special-case code to handle the `mode' pseudo-variable
 when set in the header comment.  This runs outside of `hack-local-variables'
 and cannot be conveniently intercepted, so we are forced to replicate it here.
 
 This special-case code will ultimately be removed from Emacs, as it exists to
 deal with a deprecated feature; but until then we need to replicate it in order
-to inhibit our own behaviour in the presence of a header comment 'mode'
+to inhibit our own behavior in the presence of a header comment `mode'
 declaration.
 
 If a file-local mode is detected in the header comment, then we call the
@@ -1496,7 +1496,7 @@ major mode is a member (or derivative of a member) of `so-long-target-modes'.
 
 This advice is needed and enabled only for Emacs versions < 26.1.
 
-If the local 'mode' pseudo-variable is used, `set-auto-mode-0' will call it
+If the local `mode' pseudo-variable is used, `set-auto-mode-0' will call it
 firstly, and subsequently `hack-one-local-variable' may call it again.
 
 Usually `hack-one-local-variable' tries to avoid processing that second call,
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/ispell.el b/lisp/textmodes/ispell.el
index be2e192e5af..dd1eeb45300 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/ispell.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/ispell.el
@@ -2472,7 +2472,7 @@ SPC:   Accept word this time.
           (help-2 (concat "[l]ook a word up in alternate dictionary;  "
                           "e[x/X]it;  [q]uit session"))
           (help-3 (concat "[u]ncapitalized insert into dict.  "
-                          "Type 'x C-h f ispell-help' for more help")))
+                          "Type `x C-h f ispell-help' for more help")))
       (save-window-excursion
         (if ispell-help-in-bufferp
             (let ((buffer (get-buffer-create "*Ispell Help*")))
@@ -3603,7 +3603,7 @@ If APPEND is non-n il, append the info to previous buffer if exists."
   "Continue a halted spelling session beginning with the current word."
   (interactive)
   (if (not (marker-position ispell-region-end))
-      (message "No session to continue.  Use 'X' command when checking!")
+      (message "No session to continue.  Use `X' command when checking!")
     (if (not (equal (marker-buffer ispell-region-end) (current-buffer)))
         (message "Must continue ispell from buffer %s"
                  (buffer-name (marker-buffer ispell-region-end)))
diff --git a/lisp/url/url-file.el b/lisp/url/url-file.el
index 41ffb4cd4a8..df567b0fc4d 100644
--- a/lisp/url/url-file.el
+++ b/lisp/url/url-file.el
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@
   "Find the exact file referenced by `fname'.
 This tries the common compression extensions, because things like
 ange-ftp and efs are not quite smart enough to realize when a server
-can do automatic decompression for them, and won't find 'foo' if
-'foo.gz' exists, even though the FTP server would happily serve it up
+can do automatic decompression for them, and won't find `foo' if
+`foo.gz' exists, even though the FTP server would happily serve it up
 to them."
   (let ((scratch nil)
         (compressed-extensions '("" ".gz" ".z" ".Z" ".bz2" ".xz"))
diff --git a/lisp/vc/ediff-util.el b/lisp/vc/ediff-util.el
index 52a765482e0..a481defe29f 100644
--- a/lisp/vc/ediff-util.el
+++ b/lisp/vc/ediff-util.el
@@ -1274,21 +1274,21 @@ which see."
   (cond ((eq ediff-window-setup-function #'ediff-setup-windows-multiframe)
          (setq ediff-multiframe nil)
          (setq window-setup-func #'ediff-setup-windows-plain)
-         (message "ediff is now in 'plain' mode"))
+         (message "ediff is now in `plain' mode"))
         ((eq ediff-window-setup-function #'ediff-setup-windows-plain)
          (if (and (ediff-buffer-live-p ediff-control-buffer)
                   (window-live-p ediff-control-window))
              (set-window-dedicated-p ediff-control-window nil))
          (setq ediff-multiframe t)
          (setq window-setup-func #'ediff-setup-windows-multiframe)
-         (message "ediff is now in 'multiframe' mode"))
+         (message "ediff is now in `multiframe' mode"))
         (t
          (if (and (ediff-buffer-live-p ediff-control-buffer)
                   (window-live-p ediff-control-window))
              (set-window-dedicated-p ediff-control-window nil))
          (setq ediff-multiframe t)
          (setq window-setup-func #'ediff-setup-windows-multiframe))
-         (message "ediff is now in 'multiframe' mode"))
+         (message "ediff is now in `multiframe' mode"))
 
   ;; change default
   (setq-default ediff-window-setup-function window-setup-func)
diff --git a/lisp/vc/vc-bzr.el b/lisp/vc/vc-bzr.el
index 89f1fcce376..4c75eb79f1a 100644
--- a/lisp/vc/vc-bzr.el
+++ b/lisp/vc/vc-bzr.el
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ default if it is available."
 Return value is a cons (STATUS . WARNING), where WARNING is a
 string or nil, and STATUS is one of the symbols: `added',
 `ignored', `kindchanged', `modified', `removed', `renamed', `unknown',
-which directly correspond to `bzr status' output, or 'unchanged
+which directly correspond to `bzr status' output, or `unchanged'
 for files whose copy in the working tree is identical to the one
 in the branch repository (or whose status not be determined)."
 ;; Doc used to also say the following, but AFAICS, it has never been true.
diff --git a/lisp/vc/vc-git.el b/lisp/vc/vc-git.el
index 3960f725cf9..2046a9dceca 100644
--- a/lisp/vc/vc-git.el
+++ b/lisp/vc/vc-git.el
@@ -282,8 +282,8 @@ toggle display of the entire list."
   "Convert CODE-LIST to a VC status.
 
 Each element of CODE-LIST comes from the first two characters of
-a line returned by 'git status --porcelain' and should be passed
-in the order given by 'git status'."
+a line returned by `git status --porcelain' and should be passed
+in the order given by `git status'."
   ;; It is necessary to allow CODE-LIST to be a list because sometimes git
   ;; status returns multiple lines, e.g. for a file that is removed from
   ;; the index but is present in the HEAD and working tree.
diff --git a/lisp/wid-edit.el b/lisp/wid-edit.el
index 32e0b3e125b..94ab938a227 100644
--- a/lisp/wid-edit.el
+++ b/lisp/wid-edit.el
@@ -3512,7 +3512,7 @@ To use this type, you must define :match or :match-alternatives."
 The `lazy' widget will, when instantiated, contain a single inferior
 widget, of the widget type specified by the :type parameter.  The
 value of the `lazy' widget is the same as the value of the inferior
-widget.  When deriving a new widget from the 'lazy' widget, the :type
+widget.  When deriving a new widget from the `lazy' widget, the :type
 parameter is allowed to refer to the widget currently being defined,
 thus allowing recursive data structures to be described.
 
diff --git a/test/lisp/files-tests.el b/test/lisp/files-tests.el
index d73c6a78421..eca1e3bc7f9 100644
--- a/test/lisp/files-tests.el
+++ b/test/lisp/files-tests.el
@@ -240,8 +240,8 @@ form.")
     (should (equal kill-emacs-args '(nil)))))
 
 (ert-deftest files-tests-read-file-in-~ ()
-  "Test file prompting in directory named '~'.
-If we are in a directory named '~', the default value should not
+  "Test file prompting in directory named `~'.
+If we are in a directory named `~', the default value should not
 be $HOME."
   (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'completing-read)
              (lambda (_prompt _coll &optional _pred _req init _hist def _)
diff --git a/test/src/lread-tests.el b/test/src/lread-tests.el
index ba5bfe0145d..3a2212ef770 100644
--- a/test/src/lread-tests.el
+++ b/test/src/lread-tests.el
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ literals (Bug#20852)."
                            "expected!")))))
 
 (ert-deftest lread-tests--funny-quote-symbols ()
-  "Check that 'smart quotes' or similar trigger errors in symbol names."
+  "Check that `smart quotes' or similar trigger errors in symbol names."
   (dolist (quote-char
            '(#x2018 ;; LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK
              #x2019 ;; RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK