Now in Texinfo.

1 files changed, 0 insertions, 3547 deletions

diff --git a/etc/FAQ b/etc/FAQ
deleted file mode 100644
index c72ea9f6f61..00000000000
--- a/etc/FAQ
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3547 +0,0 @@
-                       GNU Emacs FAQ: Introduction
-
-This is the introduction to a list of frequently asked questions (FAQ)
-about GNU Emacs 20 with answers.  Some of the answers are not valid for GNU
-Emacs 18 or 19.
-
-[This version has been somewhat edited from the last-posted version
-(as of February 1999) for inclusion in the Emacs distribution.]
-
-The FAQ is posted (in five parts) to reduce the noise level in the
-gnu.emacs.help newsgroup (which is also the help-gnu-emacs mailing list)
-which results from the repetition of frequently asked questions, wrong
-answers to these questions, corrections to the wrong answers, corrections
-to the corrections, debate, name calling, and generally unproductive use of
-the mailing list.  Also, it serves as a repository of the canonical "best"
-answers to these questions.  However, if you know a better answer or even a
-slight change that improves an answer, please tell us!
-
-If you know the answer to a question in the FAQ list, please reply to the
-question by e-mail instead of posting.  Help reduce noise!
-
-The FAQ is crossposted to comp.emacs because some sites do not receive the
-gnu.* newsgroups.  The FAQ is also crossposted to news.answers.
-
-Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22.
-
-A diff file between the last version of the FAQ and this one should have
-been posted along with the FAQ.  If you did not receive the diff file, you
-can get it at 
-
-    ftp://the-tech.mit.edu/pub/GNU-Emacs/faq-diffs
-
-Please suggest new questions, answers, wording changes, and deletions by
-sending mail to emacs-faq@lerner.co.il.  The most helpful form for
-suggestions is a context diff (i.e., the output of `diff -c').  Include
-"FAQ" in the subject of messages about the FAQ list.
-
-Please do not send questions to us just because you do not want to disturb
-a lot of people and you think we would know the answer.  We do not have
-time to answer questions individually.  :-(
-
---
-Reuven M. Lerner <reuven@lerner.co.il> and the FAQ team (a full list is
-at the bottom of the FAQ).
-
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-Notation Used in FAQ
-
-1:   What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.?
-2:   What does "M-x command" mean?
-3:   How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
-4:   What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el?
-5:   What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
-
-General Questions
-
-6:   What is the LPF?
-7:   What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
-8:   What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug,
-     comp.emacs, etc.?
-9:   Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups?
-10:  Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs?
-11:  How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list?
-12:  What is the current address of the FSF?
-
-On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help
-
-13:  I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
-14:  How do I find out how to do something in Emacs?
-15:  How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual?
-16:  Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp?
-17:  How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
-18:  How do I print a Texinfo file?
-19:  Can I view Info files without using Emacs?
-20:  What informational files are available for Emacs?
-21:  Where can I get help in installing Emacs?
-22:  Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)?
-
-Status of Emacs
-
-23:  Where does the name "Emacs" come from?
-24:  What is the latest version of Emacs?
-25:  What is different about Emacs 20?
-
-Common Things People Want To Do
-
-26:  How do I set up a .emacs file properly?
-27:  How do I debug a .emacs file?
-28:  How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
-29:  How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current filename?
-30:  How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode XXX?
-31:  How do I turn on auto-fill mode by default?
-32:  How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
-33:  How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control)
-     characters?
-34:  How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
-35:  How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
-36:  How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
-37:  Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
-38:  How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents?
-39:  How do I change load-path?
-40:  How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
-41:  How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
-42:  How do I indent switch statements like this?
-43:  How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
-44:  How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
-45:  How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
-46:  How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows?
-47:  How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the
-     indentation of the previous line?
-48:  How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
-49:  In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef
-     commands are handled by the compiler?
-50:  Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi?
-51:  What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
-52:  How do I execute ("evaluate") a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
-53:  How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length?
-54:  How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line?
-55:  How do I insert "_^H" before each character in a region to get an
-     underlined paragraph?
-56:  How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
-57:  How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor
-     should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
-58:  How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
-59:  How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
-60:  How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
-61:  Where is the documentation for "etags"?
-62:  How do I disable backup files?
-63:  How do I disable auto-save-mode?
-64:  How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options?
-65:  How do I delete menus and menu options?
-66:  How do I turn on syntax highlighting?
-67:  How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the
-     bottom of the screen?
-68:  How can I replace highlighted text with what I type?
-69:  How can I edit MS-DOS-style text files using Emacs?
-70:  How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after
-     each period?
-
-Bugs/Problems
-
-71:  Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
-72:  How do I get rid of ^M or echoed commands in my shell buffer?
-73:  Why do I get "Process shell exited abnormally with code 1"?
-74:  Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type "emacs"?
-75:  Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying "I-search:" and beeping?
-76:  Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
-77:  Why does Emacs say "Error in init file"?
-78:  Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
-79:  Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
-80:  How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name?
-81:  Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
-82:  Are there any security risks in Emacs?
-83: Dired says, "no file on this line" when I try to do something.
-
-Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs
-
-84:  How do I install Emacs?
-85:  How do I update Emacs to the latest version?
-86:  What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
-87:  Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
-
-Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages
-
-88:  Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
-89:  How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
-90:  Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
-91:  How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive?
-92:  Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
-93:  What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid
-     Emacs")?
-94:  Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
-95:  Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows, Windows 9x, or Windows
-     NT?
-96:  Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
-97:  Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
-98:  Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
-99:  Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP?
-100:  Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
-101: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
-102: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, Csh, C++,
-     Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk?
-103: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
-
-Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs
-
-104: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support
-105: Supercite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs
-106: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
-107: VIPER -- vi emulation for Emacs
-108: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
-109: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
-110: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
-111: W3-mode -- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs
-112: EDB -- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes
-113: Mailcrypt -- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news
-114: JDE -- Development environment for Java programming
-115: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
-
-Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems
-
-116: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
-117: Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"?
-118: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my
-     .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
-119: How do I use function keys under X Windows?
-120: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys
-     emit?
-121: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs?
-122: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control?
-123: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered
-     out?
-124: Why does the "Backspace" key invoke help?
-125: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete?
-126: How do I "swap" two keys?
-127: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
-128: What if I don't have a Meta key?
-129: What if I don't have an Escape key?
-130: Can I make my "Compose Character" key behave like a Meta key?
-131: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
-132: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window?
-133: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0
-     and 9.x?
-
-Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets
-
-134: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
-135: How do I input 8-bit characters?
-136: Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other
-     character sets?
-137: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
-
-Mail and News
-
-138: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
-139: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
-140: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
-141: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message?
-142: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder?
-143: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail?
-144: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format?
-145: How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the
-  other recipients?
-146: How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME?  
-147: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
-148: How do I read news under Emacs?
-149: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP?
-150: How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g.,
-     ClariNews)?
-151: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus?
-152: How do I make Gnus start up faster?
-153: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus?
-154: Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control
-     headers?
-155: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections?
-156: Why is catch up slow in Gnus?
-157: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting?
-158: Where can I find out more about Gnus?
-
-------------------------------------------------------------
-
-If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x
-$" to get an overview of just the questions.  Then, when you want to look
-at the text of the answers, just type "C-x $".
-
-To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a
-C-r if that doesn't work.  Type RET to end the search.
-
-If you have a web browser and the browse-url package configured for
-it, you can visit ftp and HTTP uniform resource locators (URLs) by
-placing the cursor on the URL and typing M-x browse-url-at-point.
-
-The FAQ is posted in five parts; if you are missing a section or would
-prefer to read the FAQ in a single file, see question 22.
-
-------------------------------------------------------------
-  Time-stamp: <1999-02-10 18:44:04 reuven>
-
-
-Notation Used in FAQ
-
-  Skip this section and then come back if you don't understand some of the
-  later answers.
-
-1:   What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.?
-
-  C-x: press the `x' key while holding down the Control key
-
-  M-x: press the `x' key while holding down the Meta key (if your computer
-       doesn't have a Meta key, see question 128)
-
-  M-C-x: press the `x' key while holding down both Control and Meta
-  C-M-x: a synonym for the above
-
-  LFD: Linefeed or Newline; same as C-j
-  RET: Return, sometimes marked Enter; same as C-m
-  DEL: Delete,  usually not the same as Backspace; same as C-? (See
-       question 124 if deleting invokes Emacs help)
-  ESC: Escape; same as C-[
-  TAB: Tab; same as C-i
-  SPC: Space bar
-
-  Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are
-  inside double quotes or on lines by themselves.  Any real spaces in such
-  a key sequence should be ignored; only SPC really means press the space
-  key.
-
-  The ASCII code sent by C-x (except for C-?) is the value that would be
-  sent by pressing just `x' minus 96 (or 64 for uppercase `X') and will be
-  from 0 to 31.  The ASCII code sent by M-x is the sum of 128 and the ASCII
-  code that would be sent by pressing just the `x' key.  Essentially, the
-  Control key turns off bits 5 and 6 and the Meta key turns on bit 7.
-
-  NOTE: C-? (aka DEL) is ASCII code 127.  It is a misnomer to call C-?  a
-  "control" key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON.  Also, on very
-  few keyboards does C-? generate ASCII code 127.
-
-  For further information, see "Characters" and "Keys" in the on-line
-  manual.  (See question 3 if you don't know how.)
-
-2:   What does "M-x command" mean?
-
-  "M-x command" means type M-x, then type the name of the command, then
-  type RET.  (See question 1 if you're not sure what "M-x" and "RET" mean.)
-
-  M-x (by default) invokes the command "execute-extended-command".  This
-  command allows you to run any Emacs command if you can remember the
-  command's name.  If you can't remember the command's name, you can type
-  TAB and SPC for completion, `?' for a list of possibilities, and M-p and
-  M-n to see previous commands entered.  An Emacs "command" is any
-  "interactive" Emacs function.
-
-  NOTE: Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to
-  invoke execute-extended-command.  A function key labeled `Do' is a good
-  candidate for this.
-
-  To run non-interactive Emacs functions, see question 52.
-
-3:   How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
-
-  When we refer you to topic XXX in the on-line manual, you can read this
-  manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by typing this:
-
-    C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET
-
-  This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser.  If you don't
-  already know how to use Info, type `?' from within Info.
-
-  If we refer to topic XXX:YYY, type this:
-
-    C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET m YYY RET
-
-  WARNING: Your system administrator may not have installed the Info files,
-  or may have installed them improperly.  In this case you should complain.
-
-  See question 15 if you would like a paper copy of the Emacs manual.
-
-4:   What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el?
-
-  These are files that come with Emacs.  The Emacs distribution is divided
-  into subdirectories; the important ones are "etc", "lisp", and "src".
-
-  If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start
-  Emacs, then type "C-h v data-directory RET".  The directory name
-  displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed "etc"
-  directory.
-
-  The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation is
-  stored) is kept in the variable Info-default-directory-list.  Use "C-h v
-  Info-default-directory-list RET" to see the contents of this variable,
-  which will be a list of directory names.  The last directory in that list
-  is probably where most Info files are stored.  By default, Info
-  documentation is placed in /usr/local/info.
-
-  Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see
-  question 20.  All are available in the source distribution.  Many of the
-  files in the "etc" directory are also available via the Emacs "help"
-  menu, or by typing "C-h ?" (M-x help-for-help).
-
-  WARNING: Your system administrator may have removed the src directory and
-  many files from the etc directory.
-
-5:   What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
-
-  FSF == Free Software Foundation
-  LPF == League for Programming Freedom
-  OSF == Open Software Foundation
-  GNU == GNU's Not Unix
-  RMS == Richard Matthew Stallman
-  FTP == File Transfer Protocol
-  GPL == GNU General Public License
-
-  NOTE: Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF.  The LPF opposes
-  look-and-feel copyrights and software patents.  The FSF aims to make high
-  quality free software available for everyone.  The OSF is a consortium of
-  computer vendors which develops commercial software for Unix systems.
-
-  NOTE: The word "free" in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers
-  to "freedom," not "zero dollars."  Anyone can charge any price for
-  GPL-covered software that they want to.  However, in practice, the
-  freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always
-  get the software for less money from someone else, because everyone has
-  the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software.
-
-
-General Questions
-
-6:   What is the LPF?
-
-  The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and
-  look-and-feel copyrights.  To get more information, feel free to contact
-  the LPF via e-mail or otherwise.  You may also contact Joe Wells
-  <jbw@cs.bu.edu>; he will be happy to talk with you about the LPF.
-
-  You can find more information about the LPF in the file etc/LPF.  More
-  papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and also
-  from the LPF:
-
-    http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/
-
-7:   What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
-
-  The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will
-  only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope.  There
-  has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to set any
-  precedents.  Please take any discussion regarding this issue to the
-  newsgroup gnu.misc.discuss, which was created to hold the extensive flame
-  wars on the subject.
-
-  RMS writes:
-
-    The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the
-    spirit, which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work
-    pertaining to Emacs should also be free software.  "Free" means that
-    all users have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs.
-    To make sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you
-    distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the
-    recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed.
-
-8:   What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug,
-     comp.emacs, etc.?
-
-  The file etc/MAILINGLISTS discusses the purpose of each GNU mailing-list.
-  (See question 20 if you want a copy of the file.)  For those lists which
-  are gatewayed with newsgroups, it lists both the newsgroup name and the
-  mailing list address.
-
-  comp.emacs is for discussion of Emacs programs in general.  This includes
-  Emacs along with various other implementations, such as JOVE, MicroEmacs,
-  Freemacs, MG, Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon.
-
-  Many people post Emacs questions to comp.emacs because they don't receive
-  any of the gnu.* newsgroups.  Arguments have been made both for and
-  against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to comp.emacs.  You have to
-  decide for yourself.
-
-  Messages advocating "non-free" software are considered unacceptable on
-  any of the gnu.* newsgroups except for gnu.misc.discuss, which was
-  created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject.  "Non-free"
-  software includes any software for which the end user can't freely modify
-  the source code and exchange enhancements.  Be careful to remove the
-  gnu.* groups from the "Newsgroups:" line when posting a followup that
-  recommends such software.
-
-  gnu.emacs.bug is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid posting bug
-  reports to this newsgroup (see question 10).
-
-9:   Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups?
-
-  The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many
-  years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage.  The
-  archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve individual
-  postings from, but pretty much everything is there.  The archives
-  are available at
- 
-    ftp://ftp-mailing-list-archives.gnu.org/
-
-  Web-based Usenet search services, such as DejaNews, also archive the
-  gnu.* groups.  You can reach DejaNews at
-
-    http://www.dejanews.com
-
-10:  Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs?
-
-  The correct way to report Emacs bugs is by e-mail to
-  bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.  Anything sent here also appears in the
-  newsgroup gnu.emacs.bug, but please use e-mail instead of news to submit
-  the bug report.  This ensures a reliable return address so you can be
-  contacted for further details.
-
-  Be sure to read the "Bugs" section of the Emacs manual before reporting a
-  bug to bug-gnu-emacs!  The manual describes in detail how to submit a
-  useful bug report.  (See question 3 if you don't know how to read the
-  manual.)
-
-  RMS says:
-
-    Sending bug reports to help-gnu-emacs (which has the effect of posting
-    on gnu.emacs.help) is undesirable because it takes the time of an
-    unnecessarily large group of people, most of whom are just users and
-    have no idea how to fix these problem.  bug-gnu-emacs reaches a much
-    smaller group of people who are more likely to know what to do and have
-    expressed a wish to receive more messages about Emacs than the others.
-
-  However, RMS says there are circumstances when it is okay to post to
-  gnu.emacs.help:
-
-    If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix,
-    then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on
-    gnu.emacs.help asking if anyone can help you.
-
-  If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following
-  non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS:
-
-    If Emacs crashes, that is a bug.  If Emacs gets compilation errors
-    while building, that is a bug.  If Emacs crashes while building, that
-    is a bug.  If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it
-    does, that is a bug.
-
-11:  How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list?
-
-  If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named "XXX", you might be able to
-  unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address
-  <XXX-request@gnu.org>.  However, this will not work if you are
-  not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a
-  distribution point.  In that case, you will have to track down at which
-  distribution point you are listed.  Inspecting the "Received:" headers on
-  the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the "EXPN" or
-  "VRFY" sendmail commands through "telnet <site-address> smtp".  Ask your
-  postmaster for help.
-
-12:  What is the current address of the FSF?
-
-  E-mail: gnu@gnu.org
-  Telephone: +1-617-542-5942
-  Fax: +1-617-542-2652
-  World Wide Web: http://www.gnu.org/
-
-  Postal address:
-  Free Software Foundation
-  59 Temple Place - Suite 330
-  Boston, MA 02111-1307
-  USA
-
-  For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the file
-  etc/ORDERS.
-
-
-On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help
-
-13:  I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
-
-  Type "C-h t" to invoke the self-paced tutorial.  Just typing `C-h' enters
-  the help system.
-
-  WARNING: Your system administrator may have changed `C-h' to act like DEL
-  to deal with local keyboards.  You can use M-x help-for-help instead to
-  invoke help.  To discover what key (if any) invokes help on your system,
-  type "M-x where-is RET help-for-help RET".  This will print a
-  comma-separated list of key sequences in the echo area.  Ignore the last
-  character in each key sequence listed.  Each of the resulting key
-  sequences invokes help.
-
-  NOTE: Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value
-  should be stored in the variable help-char.
-
-  There is also a WWW-based tutorial for Emacs 18, much of which is also
-  relevant for Emacs 20, available at
-
-    http://kufacts.cc.ukans.edu/cwis/writeups/misc/emacsguide.html
-
-14:  How do I find out how to do something in Emacs?
-
-  There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs.
-
-  * The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info
-    hypertext reader.  Type "C-h i" to invoke Info.  Typing `h' immediately
-    after entering Info will provide a short tutorial on how to use it.
-
-  * You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF.  See question 15.
-
-  * You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to
-    invoke them.  You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5), or
-    you can print your own from the etc/refcard.tex or etc/refcard.ps files
-    in the Emacs distribution.
-
-  * You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word
-    (actually which match a regular expression) using "C-h a" (M-x
-    command-apropos).
-
-  * You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a
-    certain word using M-x apropos.
-
-  * There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and
-    information.  To get a list of these commands, type `?' after `C-h'.
-
-15:  How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual?
-
-  You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF.  For
-  details see the file etc/ORDERS.
-
-  The full TeX source for the manual also comes in the "man" directory of
-  the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to print out this
-  440-page manual yourself (see question 18).
-
-  If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have TeX,
-  you can get a PostScript version from
-
-    ftp://ftp.cs.ubc.ca/pub/archive/gnu/manuals_ps/emacs-19.21.ps.gz
-
-  Note that the above document is somewhat out of date, although most major
-  concepts are still relevant.  This site requests that you please *confine
-  any major ftping to late evenings or early mornings, local time* (Pacific
-  time zone, GMT-8).  
-
-  A WWW version of the (somewhat outdated) Emacs 19.34 manual is at
-
-    http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/texinfodoc/emacs_toc.html
-
-  See also question 14 for how to view the manual on-line.
-
-16:  Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp?
-
-  Within Emacs, you can type "C-h f" to get the documentation for a
-  function, "C-h v" for a variable.
-
-  For more information, obtain the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.  Details on
-  ordering it from FSF are in file etc/ORDERS.
-
-  The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is also available on-line, in Info
-  format.  Texinfo source for the manual (along with pregenerated Info
-  files) is available at
-
-    ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-manual-20-2.5.tar.gz
-
-  and all mirrors of ftp.gnu.org (See question 92 for a list).  See
-  question 17 if you want to install the Info files, or question 18 if you
-  want to use the Texinfo source to print the manual yourself.
-
-  WWW versions of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual are available at
-
-    http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/texinfodoc/elisp_1.html
-    http://www.cs.indiana.edu/usr/local/www/elisp/lispref/elisp_toc.html
-
-17:  How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
-
-  First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files.  You may do this
-  using the stand-alone "makeinfo" program, available as part of the latest
-  Texinfo package at
-
-    ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-3.12.tar.gz
-
-  and all mirrors of ftp.gnu.org (see question 92 for a list).
-
-  For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which
-  comes with Emacs.  This manual also comes installed in Info format, so
-  you can read it on-line.
-
-  Neither texinfo-format-buffer nor makeinfo installs the resulting Info
-  files in Emacs's Info tree.  To install Info files:
-
-  1. Move the files to the "info" directory in the installed Emacs
-     distribution.  See question 4 if you don't know where that is.
-
-  2. Edit the file info/dir in the installed Emacs distribution, and add a
-     line for the top level node in the Info package that you are
-     installing.  Follow the examples already in this file.  The format is:
-
-       * Topic: (relative-pathname).  Short description of topic.
-
-     If (as it should have done) the Texinfo file used the @direntry
-     command, you can run the "install-info" command from the current
-     Texinfo distribution to do this automatically -- see the example in
-     the top-level Makefile in the Emacs source.
-
-  If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary
-  privileges, you have several options:
-
-  * Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used.  You
-    can feed a file name to the Info-goto-node command (invoked by pressing
-    `g' in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in parentheses.  This
-    goes to the node named "Top" in that file.  For example, to view a Info
-    file named "XXX" in your home directory, you can type this:
-
-      C-h i g (~/XXX) RET
-
-  * You can create your own Info directory.  You can tell Emacs where the
-    Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable
-    Info-default-directory-list.  For example, to use a private Info
-    directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named "Info",
-    you could put this in your .emacs file:
-
-      (setq Info-default-directory-list
-            (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list))
-
-    You will need a top-level Info file named "dir" in this directory which
-    has everything the system dir file has in it, except it should list
-    only entries for Info files in that directory.  You might not need it
-    if all files in this directory were referenced by other "dir" files.
-    The node lists from all dir files in Info-default-directory-list are
-    merged by the Info system.
-
-18:  How do I print a Texinfo file?
-
-  NOTE: You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still
-  have the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print.
-
-  Assuming you have TeX installed on your system, follow these steps:
-
-  1. Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this:
-
-       \input texinfo
-
-     You may need to change "texinfo" to the full pathname of the
-     texinfo.tex file, which comes with Emacs as man/texinfo.tex (or copy
-     or link it into the current directory).
-
-  2. tex XXX.texinfo
-
-  3. texindex XXX.??
-
-     The texindex program comes with Emacs as man/texindex.c.
-
-  4. tex XXX.texinfo
-
-  5. Print the DVI file XXX.dvi in the normal way for printing DVI files at
-     your site.
-
-  To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package
-  mentioned in question 17.  The "texi2dvi" command from it will perform
-  the above steps 1 to 4 for you.
-
-19:  Can I view Info files without using Emacs?
-
-  Yes.  Here are some alternative programs:
-
-  * Info, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of the
-    Texinfo package.  See question 17 for details.
-
-  * Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X
-    Windows.  You can get it at
-
-      ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz
-
-    and all mirrors of ftp.gnu.org (See question 92 for a list).
-
-  * Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Windows and uses Tcl/Tk.  You
-    can get Tkinfo at
-
-      http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/
-
-20:  What informational files are available for Emacs?
-
-  This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be!  A variety of
-  informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project
-  are available for you to read.
-
-  The following files are available in the "etc" directory of the Emacs
-  distribution (see question 4 if you're not sure where that is).
-
-    COPYING -- Emacs General Public License
-    DISTRIB -- Emacs Availability Information, including the popular
-              "Free Software Foundation Order Form"
-    FAQ -- Emacs Frequently Asked Questions (You're reading it)
-    FTP -- How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP
-    GNU -- The GNU Manifesto
-    INTERVIEW -- Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain
-                 UNIX-compatible software system with BYTE editors
-    LPF -- Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom
-    MACHINES -- Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems
-    MAILINGLISTS -- GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists
-    NEWS -- Emacs news, a history of user-visible changes
-    PROBLEMS -- Known problems with building and running Emacs in various
-                situations, often with workarounds.
-    SERVICE -- GNU Service Directory
-    SUN-SUPPORT -- including "Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs"
-
-  Latest versions of some of the above files are also available at
-
-    ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/
-
-  More GNU information, including back issues of the "GNU's Bulletin", are at
-
-    http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html
-    http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html
-
-21:  Where can I get help in installing Emacs?
-
-  See question 84 for some basic installation hints, and question 83 if you
-  have problems with the installation.
-
-  The file etc/SERVICE (see question 4 if you're not sure where that is)
-  lists companies and individuals willing to sell you help in installing or
-  using Emacs.  An up-to-date version this file is available on ftp.gnu.org
-  (see question 20).
-
-22:  Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)?
-
-  The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways:
-
-  * Inside of Emacs itself.  You can get it from selecting the "Emacs FAQ"
-    option from the "Help" menu at the top of any Emacs frame, or by typing
-    C-h F (M-x view-emacs-FAQ).
-
-  * Via USENET.  If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your
-    news spool, in both the gnu.emacs.help and comp.emacs newsgroups.
-    Every news reader should allow you to read any news article that is
-    still in the news spool, even if you have read the article before.  You
-    may need to read the instructions for your news reader to discover how
-    to do this.  In rn, this command will do this for you at the article
-    selection level:
-
-      ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m
-
-    In Gnus, you should type "C-u c-x c-s" from the *Summary* buffer or
-    "C-u SPC" from the *Newsgroup* buffer to view all articles in a
-    newsgroup.
-
-    If the FAQ articles have expired and been deleted from your news spool,
-    it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news
-    administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a
-    while.
-
-  * Via HTTP or FTP.  You can always fetch the latest FAQ at
-
-      http://www.lerner.co.il/emacs/
-
-    and
-
-      ftp://ftp.lerner.co.il/pub/emacs/
-
-  * In the Emacs distribution.  Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time of
-    release has been part of the Emacs distribution as etc/FAQ (see
-    question 4).
-
-  * Via the World Wide Web.  A hypertext version is available at
-
-    http://www.lerner.co.il/emacs/
-
-  * Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from rtfm.mit.edu (and its mirror in
-    Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to
-    news.answers.  The Emacs FAQs are available at
-
-    ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/
-    ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/
-
-    If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives
-    using the rtfm.mit.edu mail server.  The Emacs FAQ can be retrieved by
-    sending mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with a blank subject and
-    containing
-
-      send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs
-      send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1
-      send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2
-      send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3
-      send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4
-      send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5
-
-    For more information, send email to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
-    "help" and "index" in the body on separate lines.
-  
-  * As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to
-    emacs-faq@lerner.co.il.  Don't do this unless you have made a serious
-    effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the methods listed above.
-
-
-Status of Emacs
-
-23:  Where does the name "Emacs" come from?
-
-  Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS.  RMS says he "picked
-  the name Emacs because `E' was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at
-  the time."  The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT by
-  RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape
-  Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10.  RMS had already extended
-  TECO with a "real-time" full screen mode with reprogrammable keys.  Emacs
-  was started by Guy Steele <gls@east.sun.com> as a project to unify the
-  many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT, and completed
-  by RMS.
-
-  Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise.  See
-  alt.lang.teco if you are interested.  Someone has written a TECO
-  implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, see question 90); it would be
-  an interesting project to run the original TECO Emacs inside of Emacs.
-
-  For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that name,
-  check out etc/JOKES (see question 4).
-
-24:  What is the latest version of Emacs?
-
-  Emacs 20.4 is the current version as of this writing.
-
-25:  What is different about Emacs 20?
-
-  To find out what has changed in recent versions, type C-h n (M-x
-  view-emacs-news).  The oldest changes are at the bottom of the file, so
-  you might want to read it starting there, rather than at the top.
-
-  The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic; the
-  introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was
-  obvious to even the most casual user.
-
-  There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many
-  are more subtle or harder to find.  Among the changes are the inclusion
-  of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters, the "customize"
-  facility for modifying variables without having to use Lisp, and
-  automatic conversion of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix
-  platforms.
-
-  Many Lisp packages have been updated and enhanced for Emacs 20.
-
-
-Common Things People Want To Do
-
-26:  How do I set up a .emacs file properly?
-
-  See "Init File" in the on-line manual.
-
-  WARNING: In general, new Emacs users should not have .emacs files,
-  because it causes confusing non-standard behavior.  Then they send
-  questions to help-gnu-emacs asking why Emacs isn't behaving as
-  documented.  :-)
-
-  Emacs 20 includes the new "customize" facility, which can be invoked
-  using M-x customize RET or via the Help menu.  This allows users who are
-  unfamiliar with Emacs Lisp to modify their .emacs files in a relatively
-  straightforward way, using menus rather than Lisp code.  While all the
-  packages included with Emacs (are meant to) support Customize now,
-  packages from other sources may not.
-
-  While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs, consider
-  taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your .emacs
-  directly. Simple configuration options are described rather completely in
-  the "Init File" section of the on-line manual, for users interested in
-  performing frequently requested, basic tasks.
-
-27:  How do I debug a .emacs file?
-
-  Start Emacs with the "-debug-init" command-line option.  This enables the
-  Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your .emacs file, and places you in
-  the debugger if something goes wrong.  The top line in the trace-back
-  buffer will be the error message, and the second or third line of that
-  buffer will display the Lisp code from your .emacs file that caused the
-  problem.
-
-  You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function in
-  your .emacs file by moving the cursor to the end of the function or
-  argument and typing "C-x C-e" (M-x eval-last-sexp). "C-M-x" (M-x
-  eval-defun) is particularly useful for re-evaluating "defvar" and
-  "customize" forms.
-
-  Use "C-h v" (M-x describe-variable) to check the value of variables which
-  you are trying to set or use.
-
-28:  How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
-
-  To toggle having Emacs automatically display the current line number of the
-  point in the mode line, do "M-x line-number-mode".  (This option is on by
-  default.)  Note that Emacs will not display the line number if the buffer is
-  larger than the value of the variable line-number-display-limit.
- 
-  As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with "M-x
-  column-number-mode", by putting the form
-
-    (setq column-number-mode t) 
-
-  in your .emacs file or by using Customize.
-
-  The "%c" format specifier in the variable mode-line-format will insert
-  the current column's value into the mode line.  See the documentation for
-  mode-line-format (using "C-h v mode-line-format RET") for more
-  information on how to set and use this variable.
-
-  Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using Per
-  Abrahamsen's <abraham@iesd.auc.dk> "column" package.  See question 90 for
-  instructions on how to get it.
-
-  None of the vi emulation modes provide the "set number" capability of vi
-  (as far as we know) but Kyle Jones's setnu.el package implements such a
-  feature.
-
-29:  How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current filename?
-
-  The contains of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable
-  frame-title-format, which has the same structure as the variable
-  mode-line-format.  (Use "C-h v" or "M-x describe-variable" to get
-  information about one or both of these variables.)
-
-  By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer
-  currently being visited, except if there is a single frame.  In such a
-  case, the titlebar contains the name of the user and the machine at which
-  Emacs was invoked.  This is done by setting frame-title-format to the
-  default value of
-
-     (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@" system-name))
-
-  To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's
-  name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following
-  in your .emacs:
-
-    (setq frame-title-format "%b")
-
-30:  How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode XXX?
-
-  Put this in your .emacs file:
-
-    (condition-case ()
-       (quietly-read-abbrev-file)
-      (file-error nil))
-
-    (add-hook 'XXX-mode-hook
-              (lambda ()
-                (setq abbrev-mode t)))
-
-31:  How do I turn on auto-fill mode by default?
-
-  To turn on auto-fill mode just once for one buffer, use "M-x
-  auto-fill-mode".
-
-  To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook
-  for that mode.  For example, to turn on auto-fill mode for all text
-  buffers, including the following in your .emacs file:
-
-    (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
-
-  You can also do this via the Help -> Options menu, which runs the command
-  toggle-text-mode-auto-fill.
-
-  If you want auto-fill mode on in all major modes, do this:
-
-    (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill)
-
-32:  How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
-
-  If you want to use XXX mode for all files which end with the extension
-  ".YYY", this will do it for you:
-
-    (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.YYY\\'" . XXX-mode))
-
-  Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to
-  edit in XXX mode (in the second line, if the first line begins with
-  "#!"):
-
-    -*-XXX-*-
-
-  Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable interpreter-mode-alist specifies
-  which mode to use when loading a shell script.  (Emacs determines which
-  interpreter you're using by examining the first line of the file.)  This
-  feature only applies when the file name doesn't indicate which mode to
-  use.  Use "C-h v" (or M-x describe-variable) on interpreter-mode-alist to
-  learn more.
-
-33:  How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control)
-     characters?
-
-  To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for
-  example, "\237", you can type "C-s C-q 2 3 7".  (This assumes the value
-  of search-quote-char is 17 (i.e., `C-q').)  Searching for ALL unprintable
-  characters is best done with a regular expression ("regexp") search.  The
-  easiest regexp to use for the unprintable chars is the complement of the
-  regexp for the printable chars.
-
-    Regexp for the printable chars: [\t\n\r\f -~]
-    Regexp for the unprintable chars: [^\t\n\r\f -~]
-
-  To type these special characters in an interactive argument to
-  isearch-forward-regexp or re-search-forward, you need to use C-q.  (`\t',
-  `\n', `\r', and `\f' stand respectively for TAB, LFD, RET, and C-l.)  So,
-  to search for unprintable characters using re-search-forward:
-
-    M-x re-search-forward RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET
-
-  Using isearch-forward-regexp:
-
-    M-C-s [^ TAB RET C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~]
-
-  To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp:
-
-    M-x replace-regexp RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET RET
-
-  Replacing is similar to the above.  To replace all unprintable characters
-  with a colon, use:
-
-    M-x replace-regexp RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET : RET
-
-  NOTE: * You don't need to quote TAB with either isearch or typing
-          something in the minibuffer.
-
-34:  How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
-
-  If you are using a windowing system such as X, you can cause the region
-  to be highlighted when the mark is active by including
-
-        (transient-mark-mode t)
-
-  in your .emacs file, using Customize or via the Help->Options menu.
-  (Also see question 66.)
-
-35:  How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
-
-  For searching, the value of the variable case-fold-search determines
-  whether they are case sensitive:
-
-    (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive
-    (setq case-fold-search t)   ; make searches case insensitive
-
-  To change this or similar variables during an Emacs session, use
-  M-x set-variable.
-
-  Similarly, for replacing, the variable case-replace determines whether
-  replacements preserve case.
-
-  To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
-  mode's hook.  For example:
-
-    (add-hook 'XXX-mode-hook
-              (lambda ()
-                (setq case-fold-search nil)))
-
-36:  How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
-
-  Use auto-fill mode, activated by typing "M-x auto-fill-mode".  The
-  default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable fill-column.
-  To learn how to turn this on automatically, see question 31.
-
-37:  Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
-
-  Use Ispell.  See question 110.
-
-38:  How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents?
-
-  Use Ispell.  See question 110.  Ispell can handle TeX and *roff
-  documents.
-
-39:  How do I change load-path?
-
-  In general, you should only *add* to the load-path.  You can add
-  directory /XXX/YYY to the load path like this:
-
-    (setq load-path (cons "/XXX/YYY/" load-path))
-
-  To do this relative to your home directory:
-
-    (setq load-path (cons "~/YYY/" load-path)
-
-40:  How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
-
-  Emacsclient, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using an
-  already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs.  It does this
-  by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be
-  expecting the request.
-
-  * Setup
-
-    Emacs must have executed the "server-start" function for emacsclient to
-    work.  This can be done either by a command line option:
-
-      emacs -f server-start
-
-    or by invoking server-start from the .emacs file:
-
-      (if (some conditions are met) (server-start))
-
-    When this is done, Emacs starts a subprocess running a program called
-    "server".  "server" creates a Unix domain socket in the user's home
-    directory named .emacs_server.
-
-    To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke emacsclient, try
-    setting the environment variable EDITOR (or sometimes VISUAL) to the
-    value "emacsclient".  You may have to specify the full pathname of the
-    emacsclient program instead.  Examples:
-
-      # csh commands:
-      setenv EDITOR emacsclient
-      setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient  # using full pathname
-
-      # sh command:
-      EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR
-
-  * Normal use
-
-    When emacsclient is run, it connects to the ".emacs_server" socket and
-    passes its command line options to "server".  When "server" receives
-    these requests, it sends this information on the the Emacs process,
-    which at the next opportunity will visit the files specified.  (Line
-    numbers can be specified just like with Emacs.)  The user will have to
-    switch to the Emacs window by hand.  When the user is done editing a
-    file, the user can type "C-x #" (or M-x server-edit) to indicate this.
-    If there is another buffer requested by emacsclient, Emacs will switch
-    to it; otherwise emacsclient will exit, signaling the calling program
-    to continue.
-
-    NOTE: "emacsclient" and "server" must be running on machines which
-    share the same filesystem for this to work.  The pathnames that
-    emacsclient specifies should be correct for the filesystem that the
-    Emacs process sees.  The Emacs process should not be suspended at the
-    time emacsclient is invoked.  emacsclient should either be invoked from
-    another X window or from a shell window inside Emacs itself.
-
-    There is an enhanced version of emacsclient/server called "gnuserv" by
-    Andy Norman <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> which is available in the Emacs Lisp
-    Archive (see question 90).  Gnuserv uses Internet domain sockets, so it
-    can work across most network connections.  It also supports the
-    execution of arbitrary Emacs Lisp forms and does not require the client
-    program to wait for completion.
-
-    The alpha version of an enhanced version of gnuserv is available at
-
-        ftp://ftp.splode.com/pub/users/friedman/packages/fgnuserv-1.0.tar.gz
-
-41:  How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
-
-  The variable compilation-error-regexp-alist helps control how Emacs
-  parses your compiler output.  It is a list of triples of the form:
-
-        (REGEXP FILE-IDX LINE-IDX)
-
-  where REGEXP, FILE-IDX and LINE-IDX are strings.  To help determine what
-  the constituent elements should be, load compile.el and then use
-
-        C-h v compilation-error-regexp-alist RET
-
-  to see the current value.  A good idea is to look at compile.el itself as
-  the comments included for this variable are quite useful -- the regular
-  expressions required for your compiler's output may be very close to one
-  already provided.  Once you have determined the proper regexps, use the
-  following to inform Emacs of your changes:
-
-        (add-to-list 'compilation-error-regexp-alist
-                     '(REGEXP FILE-IDX LINE-IDX))
-
-42:  How do I indent C switch statements like this?
-
-  Many people want to indent their switch statements like this:
-
-    f()
-    {
-      switch(x) {
-        case A:
-          x1;
-          break;
-        case B:
-          x2;
-          break;
-        default:
-          x3;
-      }
-    }
-
-  The solution at first appears to be: set c-indent-level to 4 and
-  c-label-offset to -2.  However, this will give you an indentation spacing
-  of four instead of two.
-
-  The solution is to use cc-mode (the default mode for C programming in
-  Emacs 20) and add the following line:
-
-    (c-set-offset 'case-label '+)
-
-  There appears to be no way to do this with the old c-mode.
-
-43:  How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
-
-  Use hscroll-mode, included in Emacs 20.  Here is some information from
-  the documentation, available by typing C-h f hscroll-mode RET:
-
-    Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the
-    left or right edge of the window.  
-
-    - Type "M-x hscroll-mode" to enable it in the current buffer.
-    - Type "M-x hscroll-global-mode" to enable it in every buffer.
-    - "turn-on-hscroll" is useful in mode hooks as in:
-          (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll)
-
-    - hscroll-margin controls how close the cursor can get to the edge 
-      of the window.
-    - hscroll-step-percent controls how far to jump once we decide to do so.
-
-44:  How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
-
-  M-x overwrite-mode (a minor mode).  This toggles overwrite-mode on and
-  off, so exiting from overwrite-mode is as easy as another M-x
-  overwrite-mode.
-
-  On some systems the "Insert" key toggles overwrite-mode on and off.
-
-45:  How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
-
-  Martin R. Frank <martin@cc.gatech.edu> writes:
-
-    Tell Emacs to use the "visible bell" instead of the audible bell, and
-    set the visible bell to nothing.
-
-    That is, put the following in your TERMCAP environment variable
-    (assuming you have one):
-
-      ... :vb=: ...                    
-
-    And evaluate the following Lisp form:
-
-      (setq visible-bell t)
-
-  There is also a way to turn off _all_ effects of a bell, by defining
-  a custom `ring-bell-function' that does nothing.
-
-46:  How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows?
-
-  You can adjust the bell volume and duration for all programs with the
-  shell command xset.
- 
-  Invoking xset without any arguments produces some basic information,
-  including the following:
-
-    usage:  xset [-display host:dpy] option ...
-      To turn bell off:
-          -b                b off               b 0
-      To set bell volume, pitch and duration:
-           b [vol [pitch [dur]]]          b on
-
-47:  How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the
-     indentation of the previous line?
-
-  Such behavior is automatic in text mode in Emacs 20.  From the NEWS file
-  for Emacs 20.2:
-
-    ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs.  This makes
-    it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode,
-    and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode).  TAB in Text mode
-    now runs the command indent-relative; this makes a practical difference
-    only when you use indented paragraphs.
-
-    As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode,
-    and is an alias for it.
-
-    If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use
-    the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode.
-
-  If you have auto-fill mode on (see question 31), you can tell Emacs to
-  prefix every line with a certain character sequence, the "fill prefix."
-  Type the prefix at the beginning of a line, position point after it, and
-  then type "C-x ." (set-fill-prefix) to set the fill prefix.  Thereafter,
-  auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of
-  new lines, and M-q (fill-paragraph) will maintain any fill prefix when
-  refilling the paragraph.
-
-  NOTE: If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you
-  will have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move
-  to a new paragraph.  To avoid this hassle, try one of the many packages
-  available from the Emacs Lisp Archive (see question 90.)  Look up "fill"
-  and "indent" in the Lisp Code Directory for guidance.
-
-48:  How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
-
-  As of version 19, Emacs comes with paren.el, which (when loaded) will
-  automatically highlight matching parentheses whenever point (i.e., the
-  cursor) is located over one.  To load paren automatically, include the
-  line
-
-    (require 'paren)
-
-  in your .emacs file.  As of version 20.1, you must instead call
-  show-paren-mode in your .emacs file:
-
-    (show-paren-mode 1)
-
-  and the "require" is redundant.
-
-  The "customize" facility will let you turn on show-paren-mode.  Use M-x
-  customize-group RET paren-showing RET.  From within customize, you can
-  also go directly to the "paren-showing" group.
-
-  Alternatives to paren include:
-
-  * If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can
-    delete it and reinsert it.  Emacs will blink the cursor on the matching
-    parenthesis.
-
-  * M-C-f (forward-sexp) and M-C-b (backward-sexp) will skip over one set
-    of balanced parentheses, so you can see which parentheses match.  (You
-    can train it to skip over balanced brackets and braces at the same time
-    by modifying the syntax table.)
-
-  * Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the % key show the matching
-    parenthesis, like in vi.  In addition, if the cursor isn't over a
-    parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal.  (`Parenthesis' actually
-    includes and character with `open' or `close' syntax, which usually means
-    "()[]{}".)
-
-      ;; By an unknown contributor
-
-      (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)
-
-      (defun match-paren (arg)
-        "Go to the matching parenthesis if on parenthesis otherwise insert %."
-        (interactive "p")
-        (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
-              ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
-              (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))
-
-49:  In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef
-     commands are handled by the compiler?
-
-  M-x hide-ifdef-mode.  (This is a minor mode.)  You might also want to try
-  cpp.el, available at the Emacs Lisp Archive (see question 90).
-
-50:  Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi?
-
-  (`.' is the redo command in vi.  It redoes the last insertion/deletion.)
-
-  In Emacs 20.3 and later, use the C-x z ("repeat") command to repeat `simple
-  commands'.
-
-  Otherwise you can type "C-x ESC ESC" (repeat-complex-command) to reinvoke
-  commands that used the minibuffer to get arguments.  In
-  repeat-complex-command you can type M-p and M-n to scan through all the
-  different complex commands you've typed.
-
-  To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros.  (See "Keyboard Macros"
-  in the on-line manual.)
-
-  VIPER, which comes with Emacs, emulates vi, including `.'.  (See question
-  107.)
-
-51:  What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
-
-  See Emacs man page, or "Resources X" in the on-line manual.
-
-  You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and
-  onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs
-  was compiled with the X toolkit.
-
-52:  How do I execute ("evaluate") a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
-
-  There are a number of ways to execute ("evaluate," in Lisp lingo) an
-  Emacs Lisp "form":
-
-  * If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file
-    named ".emacs" in your home directory.  This is known as your ".emacs
-    file," and contains all of your personal customizations.
-
-  * You can type the form in the *scratch* buffer, and then type LFD (or
-    C-j) after it.  The result of evaluating the form will be inserted in
-    the buffer.
-
-  * In Emacs-Lisp mode, typing M-C-x evaluates a top-level form before or
-    around point.
-
-  * Typing "C-x C-e" in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately
-    before point and prints its value in the echo area.
-
-  * Typing M-: or M-x eval-expression allows you to type a Lisp form
-    in the minibuffer which will be evaluated.
-
-  * You can use M-x load-file to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp forms in
-    a file.  (To do this from Lisp use the function "load" instead.)
-
-  These functions are also useful (see question 16 if you want to learn
-  more about them):
-
-    load-library, eval-region, eval-current-buffer, require, autoload
-
-53:  How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length?
-
-  Set the variable default-tab-width.  For example, to set tab stops every
-  10 characters, insert the following in your .emacs file:
-
-    (setq default-tab-width 10)
-
-  Do not confuse variable tab-width with variable tab-stop-list.  The
-  former is used for the display of literal tab characters.  The latter
-  controls what characters are inserted when you press the TAB character in
-  certain modes.
-
-54:  How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line?
-
-  To do this to an entire buffer, type "M-< M-x replace-regexp RET ^ RET >
-  RET".
-
-  To do this to a region, use "string-rectangle" ("C-x r t").  Set the mark
-  (`C-SPC') at the beginning of the first line you want to prefix, move the
-  cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type "C-x r t > RET".  To do this
-  for the whole buffer, type "C-x h C-x r t > RET".  In Emacs 20.3 and
-  later, this will affect only the current region if Transient Mark mode is
-  on (see NEWS via C-h N).
-
-  If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with '>', you might
-  want to set the variable mail-yank-prefix.  Better yet, get the Supercite
-  package (see question 105), which provides flexible citation for yanked
-  mail and news messages.
-
-55:  How do I insert "_^H" before each character in a region to get an
-     underlined paragraph?
-
-  M-x underline-region.
-
-56:  How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
-
-  Use "C-x (" and "C-x )" to make a keyboard macro that invokes the command
-  and then type "M-0 C-x e".
-
-  WARNING: any messages your command prints in the echo area will be
-  suppressed.
-
-57:  How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor
-     should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
-
-  M-x picture-mode.
-
-58:  How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
-
-  "C-z" iconifies Emacs when running under X Windows and suspends Emacs
-  otherwise.  See "Misc X" in the on-line manual.
-
-59:  How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
-
-  See "Regexps" in the on-line manual.
-
-  WARNING: The "or" operator is `\|', not `|', and the grouping operators
-  are `\(' and `\)'.  Also, the string syntax for a backslash is `\\'.  To
-  specify a regular expression like xxx\(foo\|bar\) in a Lisp string, use
- 
-     "xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)"
-
-  Notice the doubled backslashes!
-
-  WARNING: Unlike in Unix grep, sed, etc., a complement character set
-  ([^...])  can match a newline character (LFD aka C-j aka \n), unless
-  newline is mentioned as one of the characters not to match.
-
-  WARNING: The character syntax regexps (e.g., "\sw") are not meaningful
-  inside character set regexps (e.g., "[aeiou]").  (This is actually
-  typical for regexp syntax.)
-
-60:  How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
-
-  The "tags" feature of Emacs includes the command tags-query-replace which
-  performs a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the TAGS file.
-  See "Tags Search" in the on-line manual.
-
-  As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode ("M-x dired RET", or C-x d) supports the
-  command dired-do-query-replace, which allows users to replace regular
-  expressions in multiple files.
-
-61:  Where is the documentation for "etags"?
-
-  "etags" is documented in the Tags node of the Emacs manual.  The "etags"
-  man page should be in the same place as the "emacs" man page.
-
-  Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available.  For example,
-  "etags -H".
-
-62:  How do I disable backup files?
-
-  You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful.
-
-  To avoid seeing backup files (and other "uninteresting" files) in Dired,
-  load dired-x by adding the following to your .emacs file:
-
-    (add-hook 'dired-load-hook
-              (function (lambda ()
-                          (load "dired-x"))))
-
-  With dired-x loaded, `M-o' toggles omitting in each dired buffer.  You
-  can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the
-  following in your .emacs:
-
-    (setq initial-dired-omit-files-p t)
-
-  If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an "ls" at the
-  Unix shell, try GNU ls with the "-B" option.  GNU ls is part of the GNU
-  fileutils package, available at mirrors of ftp.gnu.org (see question 92).
-
-  To disable or change how backups are made, see "Backup Names" in the
-  on-line manual.
-
-63:  How do I disable auto-save-mode?
-
-  You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful,
-  especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a
-  document.
-
-  Instead, you might want to change the variable auto-save-interval, which
-  specifies how many keystrokes Emacs waits before auto-saving.  Increasing
-  this value forces Emacs to wait longer between auto-saves, which might
-  annoy you less.
-
-  You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's auto-save package,
-  available from the Lisp Code Archive (see question 90).  This package
-  also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory, such as
-  /tmp.
-
-  To disable or change how auto-save-mode works, see "Auto Save" in the
-  on-line manual.
-
-64:  How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options?
-
-  Each menu title (e.g., Buffers, File, Edit) represents a local or global
-  keymap.  Selecting a menu title with the mouse displays that keymap's
-  non-nil contents in the form of a menu.
-
-  So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a
-  new definition to the appropriate keymap.  Adding a "forward word"
-  command to the "Edit" menu thus requires the following Lisp code:
-
-    (define-key global-map           
-      [menu-bar edit forward]        
-      '("Forward word" . forward-word))
-
-  The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes global
-  menu bar entries.  Replacing the reference to "global-map" with a local
-  keymap would add this menu option only within a particular mode.
-
-  The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry.
-  Placing this menu entry underneath the "File" menu would mean changing
-  the word "edit" in the second line to "file."
-
-  The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will
-  be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be
-  called when that menu option is invoked.
-
-  To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must
-  define an entirely new keymap:
-
-    (define-key global-map [menu-bar words]
-      (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words")))
-
-  The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name "Words",
-  and attaches it to the global menu bar.  Adding the "forward word"
-  command to this new menu would thus require the following code:
-
-    (define-key global-map
-      [menu-bar words forward]
-      '("Forward word" . forward-word))
-
-  Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed
-  with the more recently defined items at the top.  Thus if you were to
-  define menu options "foo", "bar", and "baz" (in that order), menu option
-  "baz" would appear at the top, and "foo" would be at the bottom.
-
-  One way to avoid this problem is to use the function define-key-after,
-  which works the same as define-key, but lets you modify where items
-  appear.  The following Lisp code would insert the "forward word" function
-  in the "edit" menu immediately following the "undo" option:
-
-    (define-key-after
-      (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit])
-      [forward]
-      '("Forward word" . forward-word)
-      'undo)
-
-  Note how the second and third arguments to define-key-after are different
-  from those of define-key, and that we have added a new (final) argument,
-  the function after which our new key should be defined.
-
-  To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate
-  define-key-after with the appropriate final argument.
-
-  More detailed information -- and more examples of how to create and
-  modify menu options -- are in the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual, under
-  "Menu Keymaps."  (See question 16 for information on this manual.)
-
-  Note that Emacs 20.3 introduced a better (`extended') format for menu
-  items, described in the NEWS file and the Lisp Manual.  The "easymenu"
-  package provides support for defining menus conveniently with some
-  portability amongst Emacs versions.
-
-65:  How do I delete menus and menu options?
-
-  The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to nil.  For
-  example, to delete the "Words" menu (from question 64), use:
-
-    (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil)
-
-  Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to
-  nil.  For example, to delete the "Forward word" menu option from the
-  "Edit" menu (we added it in question 64), use:
-
-    (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil)
-
-66:  How do I turn on syntax highlighting?
-
-  Font-lock mode is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax
-  highlighting.  With font-lock mode invoked, different types of text will
-  appear in different colors.  For instance, if you turn on font-lock in a
-  programming mode, variables will appear in one face, keywords in a
-  second, and comments in a third.
-
-  Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package.  Use of
-  hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although hilit19.el comes with
-  the stock Emacs distribution.  It is no longer maintained.
-
-  To turn font-lock mode on within an existing buffer, use "M-x
-  font-lock-mode RET".
-
-  To automatically invoke font-lock mode when a particular major mode is
-  invoked, set the major mode's hook or define font-lock-global-modes as a
-  list with the mode name as an element.  For example, to fontify all
-  c-mode buffers, add the following to your .emacs file:
-
-    (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
-
-  To automatically invoke font-lock mode for all major modes, you can turn
-  on global-font-lock mode by including the following line in your .emacs
-  file (or use Custom):
-
-    (global-font-lock-mode 1)
-
-  This instructs Emacs to turn on font-lock mode in those buffers for which
-  a font-lock mode definition has been provided (in the variable
-  font-lock-global-modes or via the variable font-lock-defaults-alist).  If
-  you edit a file in pie-ala-mode, and no font-lock definitions have been
-  provided for pie-ala files, then the above setting will have no effect on
-  that particular buffer.
-
-  Highlighting with font-lock mode can take quite a while, and thus
-  different levels of decoration are available, from slight to gaudy.  To
-  control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of
-  font-lock-maximum-decoration in your .emacs file, with a nil value
-  indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a t value indicating
-  the maximum decoration.  For the gaudiest possible look, then, include
-  the line
-
-    (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t)
-
-  in your .emacs file.  You can also set this variable such that different
-  modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more information, see the
-  documentation for font-lock-maximum-decoration with "C-h v" (or "M-x
-  describe-variable RET").
-
-  You might also want to investigate fast-lock-mode and lazy-lock-mode,
-  versions of font-lock-mode that speed up highlighting.  The advantage of
-  lazy-lock-mode is that it only fontifies buffers when certain conditions
-  are met, such as after a certain amount of idle time, or after you have
-  finished scrolling through text.  See the documentation for
-  lazy-lock-mode by typing C-h f lazy-lock-mode ("M-x describe-function RET
-  lazy-lock-mode RET").
-
-  Also see the documentation for the function font-lock-mode, available by
-  typing C-h f font-lock-mode ("M-x describe-function RET font-lock-mode
-  RET").
-
-  For more information on font-lock mode, particularly adding new patterns,
-  see the Lisp Reference Manual and the commentary in the source
-  font-lock.el, which you can find in Emacs 20 (if it is installed) using,
-  say, M-x find-function font-lock-mode.
-
-  To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use
-  "M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces" or "M-x ps-print-region-with-faces".
-
-67:  How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the
-     bottom of the screen?
-
-  Place the following Lisp form in your .emacs file:
-
-    (setq scroll-step 1)
-
-  Also see "Scrolling" in the on-line manual.
-
-68:  How can I replace highlighted text with what I type?
-
-  Use delete-selection mode, which you can start automatically by placing
-  the following Lisp form in your .emacs file:
-
-    (delete-selection-mode t)
-
-  According to the documentation string for delete-selection mode (which
-  you can read using M-x describe-function RET delete-selection-mode RET):
-
-    When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active.
-    When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point.
-
-  This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by
-  pressing DEL.
-
-69:  How can I edit MS-DOS-style text files using Emacs?
-
-  As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is
-  performed transparently.  You can open an MS-DOS file on a Unix system
-  (and vice versa), edit it, and save it without having to worry about the
-  file format.  To save it with a different end-of-line convention use
-  C-x RET c to specify a new coding system such as undecided-unix.
-
-  When editing an MS-DOS style file, a backslash (\) will appear in the
-  mode line.
-
-  You can avoid translation of the end-of-line conventions either by
-  visiting a file using M-x find-file-literally or by setting the variable
-  inhibit-eol-conversion to t.
-
-  If you are running an earlier version of Emacs, get crypt++ from
-  ftp://ftp.cs.umb.edu/pub/misc/crypt++.el.  Among other things, crypt++
-  transparently modifies MS-DOS files as they are loaded and saved,
-  allowing you to ignore the different conventions that Unix and MS-DOS
-  have for delineating the end of a line.
-
-70:  How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after
-     each period?
-
-  Ulrich Mueller <ulm@vsnhd1.cern.ch> suggests adding the following two
-  lines to your .emacs file:
-
-    (setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*")
-    (setq sentence-end-double-space nil)
-
-  See "Sentences" in the online manual.
-
-
-Bugs/Problems
-
-71:  Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
-
-  Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing
-  files larger than 8 megabytes.  As of version 19.29, the maximum buffer
-  size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes.
-
-  If you are using an older version of Emacs and cannot upgrade, you will
-  have to recompile. Leonard N. Zubkoff <lnz@lucid.com> suggests putting
-  the following two lines in src/config.h before compiling Emacs to allow
-  for 26-bit integers and pointers (and thus file sizes of up to 33,554,431
-  bytes):
-
-    #define VALBITS 26
-    #define GCTYPEBITS 5
-
-  WARNING: This method may result in "ILLEGAL DATATYPE" and other random
-  errors on some machines.
-
-  David Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu> explains how this problems
-  crops up; while his numbers are true only for pre-19.29 versions of
-  Emacs, the theory remains the same with current versions.
-
-    Emacs is largely written in a dialect of Lisp; Lisp is a freely-typed
-    language in the sense that you can put any value of any type into any
-    variable, or return it from a function, and so on.  So each value must
-    carry a "tag" along with it identifying what kind of thing it is, e.g.,
-    integer, pointer to a list, pointer to an editing buffer, and so on.
-    Emacs uses standard 32-bit integers for data objects, taking the top 8
-    bits for the tag and the bottom 24 bits for the value.  So integers
-    (and pointers) are somewhat restricted compared to true C integers and
-    pointers.
-
-72:  How do I get rid of ^M or echoed commands in my shell buffer?
-
-  Try typing "M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m RET" while in shell-mode to make them
-  go away.  You might add this function to comint-output-filter-functions:
-
-  (add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m)
-
-  If that doesn't work, you have several options:
-
-  For tcsh, put this in your .cshrc (or .tcshrc) file:
-
-    if ($?EMACS) then
-        if ("$EMACS" == t) then
-            if ($?tcsh) unset edit
-            stty nl
-        endif
-    endif
-
-  Or put this in your .emacs_tcsh file:
-
-    unset edit
-    stty nl
-
-  Alternatively, use csh in your shell buffers instead of tcsh.  One way
-  is:
-
-    (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh")
-
-  and another is to do this in your .cshrc (or .tcshrc) file:
-
-    setenv ESHELL /bin/csh
-
-  (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly
-  set for this to take effect.)
-
-  You can also set the ESHELL environment variable in Emacs Lisp with
-  the following Lisp form,
-
-    (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh")
-
-  On a related note: If your shell is echoing your input line in the shell
-  buffer, you might want to try the following command in your shell
-  start-up file:
-
-    stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z
-
-73:  Why do I get "Process shell exited abnormally with code 1"?
-
-  The most likely reason for this message is that the "env" program is not
-  properly installed.  Compile this program for your architecture, and
-  install it with a+x permission in the architecture-dependent Emacs
-  program directory.  (You can find what this directory is at your site by
-  inspecting the value of the variable exec-directory by typing "C-h v
-  exec-directory RET".)
-
-  You should also check for other programs named "env" in your path (e.g.,
-  SunOS has a program named /usr/bin/env).  We don't understand why this
-  can cause a failure and don't know a general solution for working around
-  the problem in this case.
-
-  It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started
-  as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the
-  xterm was later terminated.
-
-  See also etc/PROBLEMS for other possible causes of this message.
-
-74:  Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type "emacs"?
-
-  The termcap entry for terminal type "emacs" is ordinarily put in the
-  TERMCAP environment variable of subshells.  It may help in certain
-  situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an entry for
-  "emacs" to the system-wide termcap file.  Here is a correct termcap entry
-  for "emacs":
-
-    emacs:tc=unknown:
-
-  To make a terminfo entry for "emacs", use "tic" or "captoinfo."  You need
-  to generate /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs.  It may work to simply copy
-  /usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb to /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs.
-
-  Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen
-  programs in shell buffers.  Use M-x terminal-emulator for that instead.
-
-  A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to
-  change terminal type "emacs" to type "dumb" or "unknown" in your shell
-  start up file.  "csh" users could put this in their .cshrc files:
-
-    if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb
-
-75:  Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying "I-search:" and beeping?
-
-  Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is
-  sending C-s and C-q for flow control, and Emacs is receiving these
-  characters and interpreting them as commands.  (The C-s character
-  normally invokes the isearch-forward command.)  For possible solutions,
-  see question 122.
-
-76:  Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
-
-  The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of
-  gethostbyname than the rest of the programs on the machine.  This is
-  often manifested as a message on startup of "X server not responding.
-  Check your DISPLAY environment variable." or a message of "Unknown host"
-  from open-network-stream.
-
-  On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C
-  library.  The version of gethostbyname in the static C library may only
-  look in /etc/hosts and the NIS (YP) maps, while the version in the
-  dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in addition to or
-  instead of NIS.  On a Motorola Delta running System V R3.6, the version
-  of gethostbyname in the standard library works, but the one that works
-  with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet).  Other operating systems
-  have similar problems.
-
-  Try these options:
-
-  * Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to /etc/hosts.
-
-  * Relink Emacs with this line in src/config.h:
-
-      #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv
-
-  * Replace gethostbyname and friends in libc.a with more useful versions
-    such as the ones in libresolv.a.  Then relink Emacs.
-
-  * If you are actually running NIS, make sure that "ypbind" is properly
-    told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch.
-
-77:  Why does Emacs say "Error in init file"?
-
-  An error occurred while loading either your .emacs file or the
-  system-wide lisp/default.el file.  For information on how to debug your
-  .emacs file, see question 27.
-
-  It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a
-  hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded.  A common case
-  of this is explained in question 118.
-
-78:  Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
-
-  As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified
-  by the XFILESEARCHPATH, XUSERFILESEARCHPATH, and XAPPLRESDIR environment
-  variables, emulating the functionality provided by programs written using
-  Xt.
-
-  XFILESEARCHPATH and XUSERFILESEARCHPATH should be a list of file names
-  separated by colons; XAPPLRESDIR should be a list of directory names
-  separated by colons.
-
-  Emacs searches for X resources
-
-    + specified on the command line, with the "-xrm RESOURCESTRING"
-      option,
-    + then in the value of the XENVIRONMENT environment variable,
-      - or if that is unset, in the file named ~/.Xdefaults-HOSTNAME if it
-        exists
-        (where HOSTNAME is the hostname of the machine Emacs is running on),
-    + then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties
-      provided by the server,
-      - or if those properties are unset, in the file named ~/.Xdefaults
-        if it exists,
-    + then in the files listed in XUSERFILESEARCHPATH,
-      - or in files named LANG/Emacs in directories listed in XAPPLRESDIR
-        (where LANG is the value of the LANG environment variable), if
-        the LANG environment variable is set,
-      - or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in XAPPLRESDIR
-      - or in ~/LANG/Emacs (if the LANG environment variable is set),
-      - or in ~/Emacs,
-    + then in the files listed in XFILESEARCHPATH.
-
-79:  Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
-
-  Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often
-  encountered this when the master lock file, "!!!SuperLock!!!" has been
-  left in the lock directory somehow.  Delete it.
-
-  Mark Meuer <meuer@geom.umn.edu> says that NeXT NFS has a bug where an
-  exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status.  This can cause
-  the same problem.  Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work over NFS
-  anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with CLASH_DETECTION
-  undefined.
-
-80:  How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name?
-
-  When entering a filename in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand
-  a `$' followed by a word as an environment variable.  To suppress this
-  behavior, type "$$" instead.
-
-81:  Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
-
-  Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its
-  directory.  This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix.  So it tries to
-  guess by recognizing "cd" commands.  If you type "cd" followed by a
-  directory name with a variable reference ("cd $HOME/bin") or with a shell
-  metacharacter ("cd ../lib*"), Emacs will fail to correctly guess the
-  shell's new current directory.  A huge variety of fixes and enhancements
-  to shell mode for this problem have been written to handle this problem.
-  Check the Lisp Code Directory (see question 89).
-
-  You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command "M-x
-  dirs".
-
-82:  Are there any security risks in Emacs?
-
-  * the "movemail" incident (No, this is not a risk.)
-
-    In his book "The Cuckoo's Egg," Cliff Stoll describes this in chapter
-    4.  The site at LBL had installed the "etc/movemail" program setuid
-    root.  (As of version 19, movemail is in your architecture-specific
-    directory; type "C-h v exec-directory RET" to see what it is.)  Since
-    "movemail" had not been designed for this situation, a security hole
-    was created and users could get root privileges.
-
-    "movemail" has since been changed so that this security hole will not
-    exist, even if it is installed setuid root.  However, movemail no
-    longer needs to be installed setuid root, which should eliminate this
-    particular risk.
-
-    We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took
-    advantage of this configuration problem.
-
-  * the file-local-variable feature (Yes, a risk, but easy to change.)
-
-    There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for
-    variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text
-    near the end of the file.  This feature also includes the ability to
-    have arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited.
-    Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this
-    feature.
-
-    Emacs 18 allowed this feature by default; users could disable it by
-    setting the variable inhibit-local-variables to a non-nil value.
-
-    As of Emacs 19, Emacs has a list of local variables that create a
-    security risk.  If a file tries to set one of them, it asks the user to
-    confirm whether the variables should be set.  You can also tell Emacs
-    whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp code found at the bottom
-    of files by setting the variable enable-local-eval.
-
-    For more information, see "File Variables" in the on-line manual.
-
-  * synthetic X events (Yes, a risk; use MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 or better.)
-
-    Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the SendEvent request as
-    though they were regular events.  As a result, if you are using the
-    trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X
-    connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do
-    anything, including run other processes with your privileges.
-
-    The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open
-    X connections.  The standard way to prevent this is to use a real
-    authentication mechanism, such as MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1.  If using the
-    "xauth" program has any effect, then you are probably using
-    MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1.  Your site may be using a superior authentication
-    method; ask your system administrator.
-
-    If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by
-    just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X
-    programs, then removing the access.  This reduces the risk somewhat by
-    narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but
-    DOES NOT ELIMINATE THE RISK.
-
-    On most computers running Unix and X Windows, you enable and disable
-    access using the "xhost" command.  To allow all hosts access to your X
-    server, use
-
-      xhost +
-
-    at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the
-    following message:
-
-      access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
-
-    To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly
-    allowed by name), use
-
-      xhost -
-
-    On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message:
-
-      access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
-
-83: Dired says, "no file on this line" when I try to do something.
-
-  Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't
-  use US date format in dired listings.  You can check this by looking
-  at dired listings or by typing `ls -l' to a shell and looking at the
-  dates that come out.
-
-  Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file
-  name.  In a long Unix-style directory listing ("ls -l"), the file
-  name starts after the date.  The regexp has thus been written to
-  look for the date, the format of which can vary on non-US systems.
-
-  There are two approaches to solving this.  The first one involves
-  setting things up so that "ls -l" outputs US date format.  This can
-  be done by setting the locale.  See your OS manual for more
-  information.
-
-  The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by
-  dired, dired-move-to-filename-regexp.
-
-
-Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs
-
-84:  How do I install Emacs?
-
-  This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems.  Users of
-  other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning with
-  question 94, which describe where to get non-Unix source and binaries.
-  These packages should come with installation instructions.
-
-  For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it
-  from scratch.  You will need:
-
-  * Emacs sources.  See question 92 for a list of ftp sites that make them
-    available.  On ftp.gnu.org, the main GNU distribution site, sources are
-    available at
-
-      ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-20.4.tar.gz
-
-    The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out.  For
-    instance, when Emacs 20.5 is released, it will most probably be
-    available at
-
-      ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-20.5.tar.gz
-
-    Again, you should use one of the mirror sites in question 92 (and
-    adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on ftp.gnu.org.
-
-  * Gzip, the GNU compression utility.  You can get gzip via anonymous ftp
-    at mirrors of ftp.gnu.org sites; it should compile and install without
-    much trouble on most systems.  Once you have retrieved the Emacs
-    sources, you will probably be able to uncompress them with the command
-
-      gunzip --verbose emacs-20.4.tar.gz
-
-    changing the Emacs version (20.4), as necessary.  Once gunzip has
-    finished doing its job, a file by the name of "emacs-20.4.tar" should
-    be in your build directory.
-
-  * Tar, the "tape archiving" program, which moves multiple files into and
-    out of archive files, or "tarfiles."  All of the files comprising the
-    Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be extracted using tar
-    before you can build Emacs.  Typically, the extraction command would
-    look like
-
-      tar -xvvf emacs-20.4.tar
-
-    The `x' indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile, the
-    two `v's force verbose output, and the `f' tells tar to use a disk
-    file, rather than one on tape.
-
-    If you're using GNU tar (available at mirrors of ftp.gnu.org), you can
-    combine this step and the previous one by using the command
-
-      tar -zxvvf emacs-20.4.tar.gz
-
-    The additional `z' at the beginning of the options list tells GNU tar
-    to uncompress the file with gunzip before extracting the tarfile's
-    components.
-
-  At this point, the Emacs sources (all 25+ megabytes of them) should be
-  sitting in a directory called "emacs-20.4".  On most common Unix and
-  Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X Windows
-  support) with the following commands:
-
-    cd emacs-20.4       [ change directory to emacs-20.4 ]
-    ./configure         [ configure Emacs for your particular system ]
-    make                [ use Makefile to build components, then Emacs ]
-
-  If the "make" completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that the
-  build has gone well.  (See question 86 if you weren't successful.)
-
-  To install Emacs in its default directories of /usr/local/bin (binaries),
-  /usr/local/share/emacs/20.xx (Lisp code and support files),
-  /usr/local/libexec/CONFIGURATION/emacs/VERSION (executable files to be
-  run by Emacs rather than users), /usr/local/man/man1 (man pages) and
-  /usr/local/info (Info documentation), become the super-user and type
-
-    make install
-
-  Note that "make install" will overwrite /usr/local/bin/emacs and any
-  Emacs Info files that might be in /usr/local/info.
-
-  Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions)
-  come with the Emacs sources, in the file "INSTALL".
-
-85:  How do I update Emacs to the latest version?
-
-  Follow the instructions in question 84.
-
-  Emacs places nearly everything in version-specific directories (e.g.,
-  /usr/local/share/emacs/20.4), so the only files that can be overwritten
-  when installing a new release are /usr/local/bin/emacs and the Emacs Info
-  documentation in /usr/local/info.  Back up these files before you install
-  a new release, and you shouldn't have too much trouble.
-
-86:  What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
-
-  First look in the file PROBLEMS (in the top-level directory when you
-  unpack the Emacs source) to see if there is already a solution for your
-  problem.  Next, look for other questions in this FAQ that have to do with
-  Emacs installation and compilation problems.
-
-  If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it, see
-  question 21.
-
-  If you don't find a solution, then report your problem via e-mail to
-  bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.  Please do not post it to gnu.emacs.help
-  or e-mail it to help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.  For further guidelines,
-  see question 8 and question 10.
-
-87:  Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
-
-  Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library,
-  libX11.a.  This may be missing.
-
-  Under OpenWindows, you may need to use "add_services" to add the
-  "OpenWindows Programmers" optional software category from the CD-ROM.
-
-  Under HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run "update" again to load the X11-PRG
-  "fileset".  This may be missing even if you specified "all filesets" the
-  first time.  If libcurses.a is missing, you may need to load the
-  "Berkeley Development Option."
-
-  David Zuhn <zoo@armadillo.com> says that MIT X builds shared libraries by
-  default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that support them.
-  These shared libraries can't be used when undumping temacs (the last
-  stage of the Emacs build process).  To get regular libraries in addition
-  to shared libraries, add this to site.cf:
-
-      #define ForceNormalLib YES
-
-  Other systems may have similar problems.  You can always define
-  CANNOT_DUMP and link with the shared libraries instead.
-
-  To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's
-  liboldX.a.
-
-
-Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages
-
-88:  Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
-
-  Look in the files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for information on nearby
-  archive sites and etc/ORDERS for mail orders.  If you don't already have
-  Emacs, see question 20 for how to get these files.
-
-  See question 84 for information on how to obtain and build the latest
-  version of Emacs, and question 92 for a list of archive sites that make
-  GNU software available.
-
-89:  How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
-
-  First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't
-  already available.  For example, typing "M-x apropos RET wordstar RET"
-  lists all functions and variables containing the string "wordstar".
-
-  It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been
-  loaded.  To see which packages are available for loading, look through your
-  computer's lisp directory (see question 4) or use the Finder (C-h p) to
-  search under keywords.  The Lisp source to most packages contains a
-  short description of how they should be loaded, invoked, and configured --
-  so before you use or modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided
-  any hints in the source code.
-
-  If a package does not come with Emacs, check the Lisp Code
-  Directory, maintained (unfortunately slowly at present) by Dave
-  Brennan <brennan@gnu.org>.  The directory is contained in the file
-  LCD-datafile.Z, available from the Emacs Lisp Archive (see question
-  90), and is accessed using the "lispdir" package, available from the
-  same site.  Note that lispdir.el requires crypt++, which you can
-  grab from the Emacs Lisp Archive's "misc" subdirectory when you get
-  lispdir.el.
-
-  Once you have installed lispdir.el and LCD-datafile, you can use "M-x
-  lisp-dir-apropos" to search the listing.  For example, "M-x
-  lisp-dir-apropos RET ange-ftp RET" produces this output:
-
-              GNU Emacs Lisp Code Directory Apropos -- "ange-ftp"
-     "~/" refers to ftp.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/emacs-lisp/
-
-          ange-ftp (4.18)       15-Jul-1992
-               Andy Norman, <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
-               ~/packages/ange-ftp.tar.Z
-               transparent FTP Support for GNU Emacs
-          auto-save (1.19)      01-May-1992
-               Sebastian Kremer, <sk@thp.uni-koeln.de>
-               ~/misc/auto-save.el.Z
-               Safer autosaving with support for ange-ftp and /tmp
-          ftp-quik (1.0)        28-Jul-1993
-               Terrence Brannon, <tb06@pl122f.eecs.lehigh.edu>
-               ~/modes/ftp-quik.el.Z
-               Quik access to dired'ing of ange-ftp and normal paths
-
-  You actually don't need the directory file LCD-datafile if your computer
-  is on the Internet, since the latest version is retrieved automatically
-  the first time you type "M-x lisp-dir-apropos" in a particular Emacs
-  session.  If you would prefer to use a local copy of LCD-datafile, be
-  sure to set the variable lisp-code-directory at the top of the lispdir.el
-  source code.
-
-  A searchable version of the LCD is also available at
-
-    http://www.cs.indiana.edu/LCD/cover.html
-
-90:  Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
-
-  First, check the Lisp Code Directory to find the name of the package you
-  are looking for (see question 89).  Next, check local archives and the
-  Emacs Lisp Archive to find a copy of the relevant files.  If you still
-  haven't found it, you can send e-mail to the author asking for a copy.
-  If you find Emacs Lisp code that doesn't appear in the LCD, please submit
-  a copy to the LCD (see question 91).
-
-  You can access the Emacs Lisp Archive at the following sites:
-
-    ftp://ftp.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/
-    ftp://ftp.uni-mainz.de/pub/gnu/elisp-archive/
-    ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/GNU/elisp-archive/
-    ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/
-    ftp://sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/elisp-archive/
-    ftp://src.doc.ic.ac.uk/public/Mirrors/ftp.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/
-
-  Retrieve and read the file README first.
-
-  NOTE: * The archive maintainers do not have time to answer individual
-          requests for packages or the list of packages in the archive.  If
-          you cannot use FTP or UUCP to access the archive yourself, try to
-          find a friend who can, but please don't ask the maintainers.
-
-        * Any files with names ending in ".Z", ".z", or ".gz" are
-          compressed, so you should use "binary" mode in FTP to retrieve
-          them.  You should also use binary mode whenever you retrieve any
-          files with names ending in ".elc".
-
-  Packages which have been posted to gnu.emacs.sources should be locatable
-  via a service like Dejanews.
-
-91:  How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive?
-
-  Guidelines and procedures for submission to the archive can be found in
-  the file GUIDELINES in the archive directory (see question 90).  It
-  covers documentation, copyrights, packaging, submission, and the Lisp
-  Code Directory Record.  Anonymous FTP uploads are not permitted.
-  Instead, all submissions are mailed to elisp-archive@cis.ohio-state.edu.
-  The lispdir.el package has a function named submit-lcd-entry which will
-  help you with this.
-
- Note that maintenance of the archive is currently very slow. 
-
-92:  Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
-
-  The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept on
-  ftp.gnu.org and is available at
-
-    ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu
-
-  Read the files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for more information.
-
-  A list of sites mirroring ftp.gnu.org can be found at
-
-    http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html
-
-93:  What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid
-     Emacs")?
-
-  XEmacs is a modified version of GNU Emacs.
-
-  This FAQ refers to the latest version to be distributed by the FSF
-  as "Emacs," partly because the XEmacs maintainers now refer to their
-  product using the "XEmacs" name, and partly because there isn't any
-  accurate way to differentiate between the two without getting mired
-  in paragraphs of legalese and history.
-
-  XEmacs, which began life as Lucid Emacs, is based on an early version of
-  Emacs 19 and Epoch, an X-aware version of Emacs 18.
-
-  Emacs (i.e., the version distributed by the FSF) has a larger installed
-  base and now always contains the MULE multilingual facilities.  XEmacs
-  can do some clever tricks with X Windows, such as putting arbitrary
-  graphics in a buffer; similar facilities have been implemented for Emacs,
-  which will be integrated after version 20.4.  Emacs and XEmacs each come
-  with some Lisp packages that are lacking or more up-to-date in the other;
-  RMS says that the FSF would include more packages that come with XEmacs,
-  but that the XEmacs maintainers don't always keep track of the authors of
-  contributed code, which makes it impossible for the FSF to have certain
-  legal papers signed.  (Without these legal papers, the FSF will not
-  distribute Lisp packages with Emacs.)  The two versions have some
-  significant differences at the Lisp programming level.
-
-94:  Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
-
-  A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the Simtel
-  archives.  This version works under MS-DOS and Windows (3.x, 9x, and NT) and
-  supports long file names under Windows 9x.  More information is available
-  from:
-
-        ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/emacs.README
-
-  And the binary itself is available in the files em1934*.zip in the
-  directory
-
-        ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/
-
-  If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you will need a 386 (or
-  better) processor, and are running MS-DOS 3.0 or later.  According to Eli
-  Zaretskii <eliz@is.elta.co.il> and Darrel Hankerson
-  <hankedr@dms.auburn.edu>, you will need the following:
-
-  Compiler: djgpp version 1.12 maint 1 or later.  Djgpp 2.0 or later is
-            recommended, since 1.x is being phased out.  Djgpp 2 supports
-            long filenames under Windows 9x.
-
-            You can get the latest release of djgpp by retrieving
-            all of the files in
-
-              ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp
-
-  Gunzip and tar:
-
-            The easiest way is to use "djtar" which comes with djgpp v2.x,
-            because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with
-            ".tar.gz") in one step.  Djtar comes in "djdev201.zip", from
-            the URL mentioned above.
-
-  Utilities: make, mv, sed, rm.  
-
-            All of these utilities are available at
-
-               ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu
-
-            16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish:
-
-              ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/gnuish
-
-  The files INSTALL and etc/PROBLEMS in the Emacs source contains some
-  additional information regarding Emacs under MS-DOS.
-
-  For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs
-  look-alikes), consult the list of "Emacs implementations and literature,"
-  available at
-
-    ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/
-
-  Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often
-  lack certain features, particularly the Emacs Lisp extension language.
-
-95:  Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows, Windows 9x, or Windows
-     NT?
-
-  GNU Emacs has been fully ported to Windows NT and Windows 95/98.  
-  If you have MSVC 4.0 or greater, then you can compile GNU Emacs
-  directly from the source distribution.  First read the file
-  nt/README, and then the file nt/INSTALL, for step by step
-  instructions on how to compile and install GNU Emacs on your system.
-
-  You can also download precompiled distributions of GNU Emacs from:
-
-    ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ntemacs
-
-  If you need the gunzip and tar utilities for unpacking distributions,
-  you can download precompiled versions from:
-
-    ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ntemacs/utilities
-
-  For more information on configuring your favorite package to run with
-  GNU Emacs on Windows NT/95/98, see the following FAQ:
-
-    http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/voelker/ntemacs.html
-    ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ntemacs/docs/ntemacs.html
-
-  If you are running Windows 3.11, and if you compile GNU Emacs for MSDOS
-  with the tools listed in the previous question, it will run under
-  Microsoft Windows in a DOS box.
-
-96:  Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
-
-  Emacs 19.33 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at:
-
-    ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/apps/editors/emacs/v19.33/
-
-97:  Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
-
-  Roland Schäuble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT
-  is available at
-
-    ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo
-
-98:  Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
-
-  The files you need are available at
-
-    ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/
-
-  David Gilbert <dgilbert@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org> has released a beta
-  version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga.  You can get the binary at
-
-    ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha
-
-99:  Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP?
-
-  Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors,
-  menus, and multiple frames.  You can get it from
-
-    ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz
-
-100:  Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
-
-
-  There used to be a boycott of Apple because of its "look and feel"
-  lawsuit.  The lawsuit failed, and the boycott is over.
-  Currently the GNU project treats Apple like other computer companies.
-
-  Since the Mac operating system is very different from Unix and GNU,
-  support for it would be a big job.  And this job would be tangential
-  to the GNU project's goals.  Meanwhile, we don't have the resources
-  to do all we want to do on supporting Emacs for GNU-like systems.
-  So if we had to do work on support for the Macintosh, that would
-  directly harm the GNU project.
-
-  Of course, the same is true for MSDOS and Windows NT.  We decided to
-  incorporate support for those systems because the code was very modular,
-  because volunteers not only wrote all the code but also investigate
-  all the bugs reported on those systems, and because we hoped that we
-  will be able to raise funds for GNU using these versions, and in this
-  way these ports will make up for the effort that they took.  (We still
-  hope so, but it has not happened yet.)
-
-  An unofficial port of GNU Emacs 18.59 to the Macintosh is available at a
-  number of ftp sites, the home being
-
-    ftp://ftp.cs.cornell.edu/pub/parmet/Emacs-1.17.sit.bin
-
-  To the best of our knowledge, Emacs 19 has not been ported to the
-  Macintosh.
-
-  Apple's forthcoming "OS X" is based largely on NeXTSTEP and OpenStep.
-  See question 99 for more details about that version.
-
-101: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
-
-  Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is
-  available at
-
-    http://vms.gnu.org/
-
-102: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, Csh, C++,
-     Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk?
-
-  Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution.  To
-  get additional modes, look in the Lisp Code Directory (see question 89).
-  For C++, if you use lisp-dir-apropos, you must specify the pattern like
-  this:
-
-    M-x lisp-dir-apropos RET c\+\+ RET
-
-  Note that Barry Warsaw's cc-mode now works for C, C++, Objective-C, and
-  Java code.  You can get the latest version from the Emacs Lisp Archive;
-  see question 90 for details.  A FAQ for cc-mode is available at
-
-      http://www.python.org/emacs/cc-mode/
-
-103: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
-
-  If you are on a Unix machine, try using the "nslookup" command, included
-  in the Berkeley BIND package.  For example, to find the IP address of
-  "ftp.gnu.org", you would type
-
-    nslookup ftp.gnu.org
-
-  Your computer should then provide the IP address of that computer.
-
-  If your site's nameserver is deficient, you can use IP addresses to FTP
-  files.  You can get this information by
-
-  * E-mail:
-
-    To: dns@[134.214.84.25]              (to grasp.insa-lyon.fr)
-    Body: ip XXX.YYY.ZZZ                 (or "help" for more information
-                                                and options - no quotes) 
-    or:
-
-    To: resolve@[147.31.254.130]         (to laverne.cs.widener.edu)
-    Body: site XXX.YYY.ZZZ
-
-
-Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs
-
-104: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support
-
-  Author: Kyle Jones <kyle@uunet.uu.net>
-  Latest version: 6.67
-  Anonymous FTP:
-    ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/vm.tar.gz
-  Newsgroups and mailing lists:
-    Informational newsgroup/mailing list:
-      gnu.emacs.vm.info (newsgroup)
-      info-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions)
-      info-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions)
-    Bug reports newsgroup/mailing list:
-      gnu.emacs.vm.bug (newsgroup)
-      bug-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions)
-      bug-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions)
-  NOTE: VM 6 is not guaranteed to work under Emacs 20 (although many people
-  seem to use it without too much trouble).  Users of Emacs 20 might prefer
-  to use VM 5.97, available from the same FTP site.
-
-105: Supercite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs
-
-  Author: Barry Warsaw <bwarsaw@cen.com>
-  Latest version: 3.1 (comes with Emacs 20)
-
-  World Wide Web:
-    http://www.python.org/emacs/supercite.tar.gz
-  Mailing list:
-    supercite-request@python.org (for subscriptions)
-    supercite@python.org (for submissions)
-  NOTE: Superyank is an old version of Supercite.
-
-106: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
-
-  Author: Dave Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu>
-  Latest version: 2.02f
-  Anonymous FTP:
-    ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc/calc-2.02f.tar.gz
-  NOTE: Unlike Wolfram Research, Dave has never threatened to sue
-        anyone for having a program with a similar command language to
-        Calc.  :-)
-
-107: VIPER -- vi emulation for Emacs
-
-  Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred vi emulation in Emacs is VIPER (M-x
-  viper-mode RET), which comes with Emacs.  It extends and supersedes VIP
-  (including VIP 4.3) and provides vi emulation at several levels, from one
-  that closely follows vi to one that departs from vi in several
-  significant ways.
-
-  For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally
-  better than the one distributed with Emacs:
-
-  Author: Aamod Sane <sane@cs.uiuc.edu>
-  Latest version: 4.3
-  Anonymous FTP:
-    ftp://ftp.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z
-
-108: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
-
-  Authors: Kresten Krab Thorup <krab@iesd.auc.dk>
-           and Per Abrahamsen <abraham@iesd.auc.dk>
-  Latest version: 9.8l
-  Anonymous FTP:
-    ftp://sunsite.auc.dk/packages/auctex/auctex.tar.gz
-  Mailing list:
-    auc-tex-request@iesd.auc.dk (for subscriptions)
-    auc-tex@iesd.auc.dk (for submissions)
-    auc-tex_mgr@iesd.auc.dk (auc-tex development team)
-  World Wide Web:
-    http://sunsite.auc.dk/auctex/
-
-109: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
-
-  Maintainer: Matt Simmons <simmonmt@acm.org>
-  Latest released version: 2.00
-  Available from:
-    http://www.netcom.com/~simmonmt/bbdb/index.html
-  Mailing lists:
-    info-bbdb-request@xemacs.org (for subscriptions)
-    info-bbdb@xemacs.org (for submissions)
-    bbdb-announce-request@xemacs.org (to be informed of new releases)
-
-110: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
-
-  Author: Geoff Kuenning <geoff@itcorp.com>
-  Latest released version: 3.1.20
-  Anonymous FTP:
-   Master Sites:
-     ftp://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.20.tar.gz
-   Known Mirror Sites:
-     ftp://ftp.th-darmstadt.de/pub/dicts/ispell/
-     ftp://ftp.nl.net/pub/textproc/ispell/
-  World Wide Web:
-     http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html
-
-  NOTE: * Do not ask Geoff to send you the latest version of Ispell.
-          He does not have free e-mail.
-      
-        * This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU
-          Ispell 4.0 is no longer a supported product.
-
-111: W3-mode -- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs
-
-  Author: Bill Perry <wmperry@spry.com>
-  Latest version: 4.0pre.39
-  Anonymous FTP:
-    ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/elisp/w3/.betas/w3.tar.gz
-  Mailing lists:
-    w3-announce-request@indiana.edu (to get announcements of new versions)
-    w3-beta-request@indiana.edu (for beta-testers of new versions)
-    w3-dev@indiana.edu (for developers of W3)
-
-112: EDB -- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes
-
-  Author: Michael Ernst <mernst@theory.lcs.mit.edu>
-  Latest version: 1.21
-  Anonymous FTP:
-    ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb
-
-113: Mailcrypt -- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news
-
-  Authors: Patrick J. LoPresti <patl@lcs.mit.edu> and 
-           Jin S. Choi <jin@atype.com>
-  Maintainer: Len Budney <lbudney@pobox.com>
-  Latest version: 3.5.1
-  Anonymous FTP:
-    ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/crypto/mailcrypt-3.5.1.tar.gz
-  World Wide Web:
-    http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt.html
-
-114: JDE -- Development environment for Java programming
-
-  Author: Paul Kinnucan <paulk@mathworks.com>
-  Mailing list: jde-subscribe@sunsite.auc.dk
-  Latest version: 2.1.4
-  World Wide Web: http://sunsite.auc.dk/jde/
-
-115: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
-
-  Author: Larry Wall <lwall@wall.org> (with GNU modifications)
-  Latest version: 2.5
-  Anonymous FTP: See question 92
-
-
-Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems
-
-116: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
-
-  Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your .emacs
-  file.  To interactively bind keys for all modes, type
-
-    M-x global-set-key RET KEY CMD RET
-
-  To bind a key just in the current major mode, type
-
-    M-x local-set-key RET KEY CMD RET
-
-  See "Key Bindings" in the on-line manual for further details.
-
-  To bind keys on starting Emacs or on starting any given mode, use the
-  following "trick": First bind the key interactively, then immediately
-  type "C-x ESC ESC C-a C-k C-g".  Now, the command needed to bind the key
-  is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your .emacs file.  If the key
-  binding is global, no changes to the command are required.  For example,
-
-    (global-set-key [f1] 'help-for-help)
-
-  can be placed directly into the .emacs file.  If the key binding is
-  local, the command is used in conjunction with the "add-hook" command.
-  For example, in tex-mode, a local binding might be
-
-    (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook
-      (lambda ()
-        (local-set-key [f1] 'help-for-help)))
-
-  NOTE: * Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the
-          kill ring are given in their graphic form -- i.e., CTRL is shown
-          as `^', TAB as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc.  You may want to
-          convert these into their vector or string forms.
-
-        * If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already
-          bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new
-          binding.  For example, if "ESC {" is previously bound:
-
-                    (global-unset-key [?\e ?{])   ;;   or
-                     (local-unset-key [?\e ?{])
-
-        * Aside from commands and "lambda lists," a vector or string also
-          can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro.  For example:
-
-           (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g])  ;;  or
-           (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g")
-
-        * The "kbd" macro is convenient for converting a key description in
-          the form used in documentation or printed by C-h c (except that
-          function key symbols must be enclosed in angle brackets).  For
-          example:
-
-            (global-set-key (kbd "<f1>") 'help-for-help)
-            (global-set-key (kbd "C-h") 'help-for-help)
-            (local-set-key (kbd "DEL") 'scroll-down)
-
-117: Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"?
-
-  Usually, one of two things has happened.  In one case, the control
-  character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. "C-f" used
-  instead of "\C-f" within a Lisp expression).  In the other case, a
-  "prefix key" in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind was
-  already bound as a "complete key."  Historically, the "ESC [" prefix was
-  usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either of these
-  forms before attempting to bind the key sequence:
-
-    (global-unset-key [?\e ?[])  ;;  or
-    (global-unset-key "\e[")
-
-118: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my
-     .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
-
-  During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file
-  order.  If some of the code executed in your .emacs file needs to be
-  postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has been
-  executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this
-  code/file execution order is not enforced after startup).
-
-  To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or
-  window-system setup, treat the code as a "lambda list" and set the value
-  of either the "term-setup-hook" or "window-setup-hook" variable to this
-  "lambda function."  For example,
-
-    (setq term-setup-hook
-          (function
-           (lambda ()
-             (cond ((string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
-                    ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x:
-                    (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command))
-                   ))))
-
-  For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see
-  "Starting Up Emacs" in the Lisp Reference Manual.
-
-119: How do I use function keys under X Windows?
-
-  With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key.  See
-  question 116 for details.
-
-120: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys
-     emit?
-
-  Type "C-h c" then the function or arrow keys.  The command will return
-  either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the Emacs on-line
-  documentation for an explanation).  This works for other keys as well.
-
-121: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs?
-
-  Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no
-  "translations" to be set.  (We aren't sure how to set such translations
-  if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!)
-
-  The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through
-  "xmodmap" (outside Emacs) or "define-key" (inside Emacs).  The
-  "define-key" command should be used in conjunction with the
-  "function-key-map" map.  For instance,
-
-     (define-key function-key-map [M-tab] [?\M-\t])
-
-  defines the "M-TAB" key sequence.
-
-122: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control?
-
-  C-s and C-q are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.  This messes
-  things up when you're using Emacs, because Emacs binds these keys to
-  commands by default.  Because Emacs won't honor them as flow control
-  characters, too many of these characters are not passed on and overwhelm
-  output buffers.  Sometimes, intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow
-  control will prevent Emacs from ever seeing C-s and C-q.
-
-  Possible solutions:
-
-  * Disable the use of C-s and C-q for flow control.
-
-    You need to determine the cause of the flow control.
-
-    * your terminal
-
-      Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display
-      all the characters it receives.  For example, VT series terminals do
-      this.  It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu.  For
-      example, on a VT220 you may select "No XOFF" in the setup menu.  This
-      is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs.
-
-      When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to
-      turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are
-      logged in to or at some terminal server in between.
-
-      If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer
-      connected to the terminal may fail.  You may be able to get around
-      this problem by modifying the "termcap" entry for your terminal to
-      include extra NUL padding characters.
-
-    * a modem
-
-      If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using
-      XON/XOFF flow control.  It's not clear how to get around this.
-
-    * a router or terminal server
-
-      Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using
-      XON/XOFF flow control.  It may be possible to make it use some other
-      kind of flow control.  You will probably have to ask your local
-      network experts for help with this.
-
-    * tty and/or pty devices
-
-      If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple tty and/or pty
-      devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it is not
-      necessary.
-
-      Eirik Fuller <eirik@theory.tn.cornell.edu> writes:
-
-        Some versions of "rlogin" (and possibly telnet) do not pass flow
-        control characters to the remote system to which they connect.  On
-        such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow
-        control on the local system.  Sometimes "rlogin -8" will avoid this
-        problem.
-
-        One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host
-        (the one running rlogin, not the one running rlogind) using the
-        stty command, before starting the rlogin process.  On many systems,
-        "stty start u stop u" will do this.
-
-        Some versions of "tcsh" will prevent even this from working.  One
-        way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin,
-        and issue the stty command to disable flow control from that shell.
-
-      Use "stty -ixon" instead of "stty start u stop u" on some systems.
-
-  * Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
-
-    You can make Emacs treat C-s and C-q as flow control characters by
-    evaluating the form
-
-      (enable-flow-control)
-
-    to unconditionally enable flow control or
-
-      (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19")
-
-    (using your terminal names instead of "vt100" or "h19") to enable
-    selectively.  These commands will automatically swap `C-s' and `C-q' to
-    `C-\' and `C-^'.  Variables can be used to change the default swap keys
-    ("flow-control-c-s-replacement" and "flow-control-c-q-replacement").
-
-    If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your .emacs
-    file.  If you are fixing this for your entire site, the best place to
-    put it is in the lisp/site-start.el file.  Putting this form in
-    lisp/default.el has the problem that if the user's .emacs file has an
-    error, this will prevent lisp/default.el from being loaded and Emacs
-    may be unusable for the user, even for correcting their .emacs file
-    (unless they're smart enough to move it to another name).
-
-    For further discussion of this issue, read the file PROBLEMS (in the
-    top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source).
-
-123: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered
-     out?
-
-  To bind `C-s' and `C-q', use either "enable-flow-control" or
-  "enable-flow-control-on".  See question 122 for usage and implementation
-  details.
-
-  To bind other keys, use "keyboard-translate".  See question 126 for usage
-  details.  To do this for an entire site, you should swap the keys in
-  lisp/site-start.el.  See question 122 for an explanation of why
-  lisp/default.el should not be used.
-
-  NOTE: * If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by
-          the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs
-          actually behaves.
-
-124: Why does the "Backspace" key invoke help?
-
-  The "Backspace" key (on most keyboards) generates ASCII code 8.  `C-h'
-  sends the same code.  In Emacs by default `C-h' invokes help-command.
-  This is intended to be easy to remember since the first letter of "help"
-  is `h'.  The easiest solution to this problem is to use `C-h' (and
-  Backspace) for help and DEL (the Delete key) for deleting the previous
-  character.
-
-  For many people this solution may be problematic:
-
-  * They normally use Backspace outside of Emacs for deleting the previous
-    character.  This can be solved by making DEL the command for deleting
-    the previous character outside of Emacs.  On many Unix systems, this
-    command will remap DEL:
-
-      stty erase `^?'
-
-  * The person may prefer using the Backspace key for deleting the previous
-    character because it is more conveniently located on their keyboard or
-    because they don't even have a separate Delete key.  In this case, the
-    Backspace key should be made to behave like Delete.  There are several
-    methods.
-
-  * Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) allow the character generated by
-    the Backspace key to be changed from a setup menu.
-
-  * You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable.
-
-  * Under X or on a dumb terminal, it is possible to swap the Backspace and
-    Delete keys inside Emacs:
-
-      (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?)
-
-    See question 126 for further details of "keyboard-translate".
-
-  * Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on "C-x h"
-    instead:
-
-      (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char)
-      (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command) ;; overrides mark-whole-buffer
-
-    Other popular key bindings for help are M-? and "C-x ?".
-
-    NOTE: * Don't try to bind DEL to help-command, because there are many
-            modes that have local bindings of DEL that will interfere.
-
-125: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete?
-
-  Good question!
-
-126: How do I "swap" two keys?
-
-  In Emacs 19, you can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the
-  "keyboard-translate" function.  For example, to turn `C-h' into DEL and
-  DEL to `C-h', use
-
-        (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?)  ; translate `C-h' to DEL
-        (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h)  ; translate DEL to `C-h'.
-
-  The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is
-  produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the keymaps.
-
-  Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps.  Emacs
-  contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but there
-  is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every
-  character that Emacs reads from the terminal.  Keyboard translations take
-  place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are looked
-  up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard
-  translation.
-
-  Also see "Keyboard Translations" in the on-line manual.
-
-127: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
-
-  On terminals (but not under X), some common "aliases" are:
-
-            C-2  or  C-SPC         for      C-@
-            C-6                    for      C-^
-            C-7  or  C-S--         for      C-_
-            C-4                    for      C-\
-            C-5                    for      C-]
-            C-/                    for      C-?
-
-  Often other aliases exist; use the "C-h c" command and try `CTRL' with
-  all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets generated.  You can
-  also try the "C-h w" command if you know the name of the command.
-
-128: What if I don't have a Meta key?
-
-  Instead of typing "M-a", you can type "ESC a".  In fact, Emacs converts
-  M-a internally into "ESC a" anyway (depending on the value of
-  meta-prefix-char).  Note that you press "Meta" and `a' together, while
-  you press `ESC', release it, and then press `a'.
-
-129: What if I don't have an Escape key?
-
-  Type `C-[' instead.  This should send ASCII code 27 just like an Escape
-  key would.  `C-3' may also work on some terminal (but not under X).  For
-  many terminals (notably DEC terminals) `F11' generates ESC.  If not, the
-  following form can be used to bind it:
-
-  (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e])  ; F11 is the documented ESC
-                                             ; replacement on DEC terminals.
-
-130: Can I make my "Compose Character" key behave like a Meta key?
-
-  On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no.  It is rumored that certain VT220
-  clones could have their Compose key configured this way.  If you're using
-  X, you might be able to do this with the "xmodmap" program.
-
-131: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
-
-  With Emacs 19 you can represent modified function keys in vector format
-  by adding prefixes to the function key symbol.  For example (from the
-  on-line documentation):
-
-           (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page)
-
-  where "?\C-x" is the Lisp character constant for the character "C-x".
-
-  You can use the modifier keys Control, Meta, Hyper, Super, Alt, and Shift
-  with function keys.  To represent these modifiers, prepend the strings
-  "C-", "M-", "H-", "s-", "A-", and "S-" to the symbol name.  Here is how
-  to make "Hyper-Meta-RIGHT" move forward a word:
-
-           (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word)
-
-  In recent Emacs versions this may also be written as:
-
-           (global-set-key [(hyper meta right)] 'forward-word)
-
-  NOTE: * Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations.  Hyper, Super,
-          and Alt are available only under X (provided there are such
-          keys).  Non-ASCII keys and mouse events (e.g. "C-=" and
-          "mouse-1") also fall under this category.
-
-  See question 116 for general key binding instructions.
-
-132: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window?
-
-  Try all of these methods before asking for further help:
-
-  * You may have big problems using "mwm" as your window manager.  {Does
-    anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the Meta key in
-    Emacs with mwm?}
-
-  * For X11: Make sure it really is a Meta key.  Use "xev" to find out what
-    keysym your Meta key generates.  It should be either Meta_L or Meta_R.
-    If it isn't, use xmodmap to fix the situation.
-
-  * Make sure the pty the xterm is using is passing 8 bit characters.
-    "stty -a" (or "stty everything") should show "cs8" somewhere.  If it
-    shows "cs7" instead, use "stty cs8 -istrip" (or "stty pass8") to fix
-    it.
-
-  * If there is an rlogin connection between the xterm and the Emacs, the
-    "-8" argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits
-    of every character.
-
-  * If the Emacs is running under Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating
-    (set-input-mode t nil) helps.
-
-  * If all else fails, you can make xterm generate "ESC W" when you type
-    M-W, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it got the M-W
-    anyway.  In X11R4, the following resource specification will do this:
-
-      XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false
-
-    (This changes the behavior of the insert-eight-bit action.)
-
-    With older xterms, you can specify this behavior with a translation:
-
-      XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
-        Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert()
-
-    You might have to replace "Meta" with "Alt".
-
-133: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0
-     and 9.x?
-
-  This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the
-  fact that HP is now using this extension.  Emacs assumes that
-  XLookupString returns the same result regardless of the Meta key state
-  which is no longer necessarily true.  Until Emacs is fixed, the temporary
-  kludge is to run this command after each time the X server is started but
-  preferably before any xterm clients are:
-
-    xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch'
-
-  NOTE: This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which
-  may be undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
-
-
-Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets
-
-134: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
-
-  Emacs 19 introduced built-in support for 8-bit characters.  Emacs 20 can
-  operate similarly in Unibyte mode or else in Multibyte mode.  See the
-  "International" node in the online manual, specifically "Single-Byte
-  European Support".
-
-135: How do I input 8-bit characters?
-
-  Again, see the "International" node of the on-line manual.
-
-136: Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other
-     character sets?
-
-  Emacs 20 now includes many of the features of MULE, the Multilingual
-  Enhancement of Emacs.  See question 84 for information on where to find
-  and download Emacs.
-
-137: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
-
-  Emacs 20 supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not yet
-  support right-to-left character entry.
-
-  Joel M. Hoffman <joel@exc.com> has written a Lisp package called
-  hebrew.el that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew.  It reportedly
-  works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for Emacs 18.
-  Write to Joel if you want the patches or package.
-
-  Hebrew.el requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other Hardware support.
-  Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS and Linux.
-
-  You might also try to query archie for files named with "hebrew"; several
-  ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary files.
-
-
-Mail and News
-
-138: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
-
-  If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable
-  mail-yank-prefix.  For VM, set vm-included-text-prefix.  For mh-e, set
-  mh-ins-buf-prefix.
-
-  For fancier control of citations, use Supercite.  See question 105.
-
-  To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to
-  message, set the value of mail-yank-ignored-headers to an appropriate
-  regexp.
-
-139: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
-
-  You can either mail yourself a copy by including a "BCC:" header in the
-  mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by
-  including an "FCC:" header.
-
-  If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a "BCC:" to
-  yourself by putting
-
-    (setq mail-self-blind t)
-
-  in your .emacs file.  You can automatically include an "FCC:" field by
-  putting something like the following in your .emacs file:
-
-    (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing"))
-
-  The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly
-  by VM, but not always by Rmail.  See question 141.
-
-  For Gnus, see the `Archived Messages node of the Gnus manual.
-
-  If you use mh-e, add an "FCC:" or "BCC:" field to your components file.
-
-  It does not work to put "set record filename" in the .mailrc file.
-
-140: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
-
-  * You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer
-    with commas.  This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses
-    like this one:
-
-      To: Willy Smith <wks@xpnsv.lwyrs.com>
-
-    However, you do not need to -- and probably should not, unless your
-    system's version of /usr/ucb/mail (aka mailx) supports RFC822 --
-    separate addresses with commas in your ~/.mailrc file.
-
-  * Emacs normally only reads the ".mailrc" file once per session, when you
-    start to compose your first mail message.  If you edit .mailrc, you can
-    type "M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs RET" to make Emacs reread your ~/.mailrc
-    file.
-
-  * If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you
-    type them in.  To enable this feature, execute the following:
-
-       (add-hook 'mail-setup-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup)
-
-    Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type
-    RET or a punctuation character (e.g. `,').  You can force their
-    expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing "C-x a e"
-    (M-x expand-abbrev).
-
-141: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message?
-
-  A file created through the FCC: field in a message is in Unix mail
-  format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format).  Rmail will try to
-  convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it
-  makes errors.  For guaranteed safety, you can make the saved-messages
-  file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the function
-  set-rmail-inbox-list.
-
-142: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder?
-
-  In Rmail, type "C-c C-s C-h" to get a list of sorting functions and their
-  key bindings.
-
-143: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail?
-
-  This is the behavior of the "movemail" program which Rmail uses.  This
-  indicates that movemail is configured to use lock files.
-
-  RMS writes:
-
-    Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files.
-    On these systems, movemail must write lock files, or you risk losing
-    mail.  You simply must arrange to let movemail write them.
-
-    Other systems use the flock system call to interlock access.  On these
-    systems, you should configure movemail to use flock.
-
-144: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format?
-
-  If you have just done rmail-input on a file and you don't want to save it
-  in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with C-x k).
-
-  If you typed M-x rmail and it read some messages out of your inbox and
-  you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use C-o on each message.
-
-  If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail
-  format, use the command M-x unrmail: it will prompt you for the input and
-  output file names.
-
-145: How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the
-  other recipients?
-
-  Ron Isaacson <isaacson@seas.upenn.edu> says: When you hit "r" to reply in
-  Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original recipients (everyone on the
-  original "To" and "CC" lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing "C-u"
-  before "r"), it replies only to the sender.  However, going through the
-  whole C-u business every time you want to reply is a pain.  This is the
-  best fix I've been able to come up with:
-
-    (defun rmail-reply-t ()
-      "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)"
-      (interactive)
-      (rmail-reply t))
-
-    (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook
-      '(lambda ()
-         (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t)
-         (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply)))
-
-146: How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME?  
-
-  Look at the Emacs MIME FAQ, maintained by MacDonald Hall Jackson
-  <trey@cs.berkeley.edu> at
-
-    http://bmrc.berkeley.edu/~trey/emacs/mime.html
-
-  Version 6.x of VM supports MIME.  See question 104.
-
-  MIME support has been added in the development version of Gnus which will
-  be included with a future version of Emacs.
-
-147: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
-
-  To start Emacs in Gnus:
-
-    emacs -f gnus
-
-  in Rmail:
-
-    emacs -f rmail
-
-  A more convenient way to start with Gnus:
-
-    alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus'
-    gnus
-
-  It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader
-  from your .emacs file.  This would cause problems if you needed to run
-  two copies of Emacs at one time.  Also, this would make it difficult for
-  you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to.
-
-148: How do I read news under Emacs?
-
-  Use M-x gnus.  It is documented in Info (see question 14).
-
-149: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP?
-
-  There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests
-  are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one before
-  blocking waiting for more input which never comes.  NNTP version 1.5.11
-  claims to fix this.
-
-  You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this:
-
-    (setq nntp-maximum-request 1)
-
-  You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by
-  telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine
-  (i.e., "telnet server-machine 119").  The server should give its version
-  number in the welcome message.  Type "quit" to get out.
-
-  Also see question 75 in this FAQ for some additional ideas.
-
-150: How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g.,
-     ClariNews)?
-
-  Underlining appears like this:
-
-    _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg
-
-  Use Gnus' "Overstrike" function from the Article -> Washing menu (or type
-  "W o").  You can do this for all articles with:
-
-    (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-treat-overstrike)
-
-  If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can
-  destructively remove it with M-x ununderline-region; do this
-  automatically via
-
-    (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook
-      (lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max))))
-
-  See the Gnus manual for more information about this and similar methods
-  for treating article contents.
-
-151: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus?
-
-  Use gnus-uu.  Type C-c C-v C-h in the Gnus summary buffer to see a list
-  of available commands.
-
-152: How do I make Gnus start up faster?
-
-  From the Gnus FAQ (see question 158):
-
-   Pranav Kumar Tiwari <pktiwari@eos.ncsu.edu> writes: I posted the same
-   query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to repeat the
-   answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version 5.0.4+. I am
-   using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the following settings:
-
-    (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil
-          gnus-read-active-file 'some
-          gnus-nov-is-evil nil
-          gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server))
-
-153: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus?
-
-  In the "*Newsgroup*" buffer, type the following magical incantation:
-
-    M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e
-
-  Leave off the "M-<" if you only want to catch up from point to the end of
-  the "*Newsgroup" buffer.
-
-154: Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control
-     headers?
-
-  Gnus will complain that the "Newsgroups:", "Keywords:", and "Control:"
-  headers are "Unknown header" fields.
-
-  For the "Newsgroups:" header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the
-  "Xref" header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article
-  (as long as your site carries the cross-post group).
-
-  If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like
-  this:
-
-    (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)")
-
-155: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections?
-
-  Set nntp-debug-read to nil.
-
-156: Why is catch up slow in Gnus?
-
-  Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read.  You can control this with
-  the variable gnus-use-cross-reference.
-
-157: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting?
-
-  David Lawrence <tale@uunet.uu.net> explains:
-
-    The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News.  NNTP
-    POST asks C News's inews to not background itself but rather hang
-    around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was
-    successful.  (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status
-    of the waited for job is a different sort of problem.)  It ends up
-    taking a long time because inews is calling relaynews, which often
-    waits for another relaynews to free the lock on the news system so it
-    can file the article.
-
-    My preferred solution is to change inews to not call relaynews, but
-    rather use newsspool.  This loses some error-catching functionality,
-    but is for the most part safe as inews will detect a lot of the errors
-    on its own.  The C News folks have sped up inews, too, so speed should
-    look better to most folks as that update propagates around.
-
-158: Where can I find out more about Gnus?
-
-  Visit http://www.gnus.org/, which has a pointer to the current Gnus FAQ and
-  more information.  The relevant newsgroup is gnu.emacs.gnus.
-
-------------------------------------------------------------
-Modified, with permission, for the Emacs 20.4 distribution by Dave Love.
-
-Copyright 1994-1998 Reuven M. Lerner
-Copyright 1992-1993 Steven Byrnes
-Copyright 1990-1992 Joseph Brian Wells
-
-This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
-("FAQ") may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
-formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information.
-
-The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ
-itself.  Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved
-translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to
-contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the
-latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information).
-
-The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that
-the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
-itself allows free copying and redistribution.
-
-------------------------------------------------------------
-
-People who helped with this version of the FAQ:
-
-Ethan Bradford <ethanb@u.washington.edu>, William G. Dubuque
-<wgd@martigny.ai.mit.edu>, Michael Ernst <mernst@theory.lcs.mit.edu>,
-and Denby Wong <3dw16@qlink.QueensU.CA>.