; Minor doc fixes found by checkdoc

29 files changed, 86 insertions, 96 deletions

diff --git a/lisp/dnd.el b/lisp/dnd.el
index e641b2843a9..44316154b0f 100644
--- a/lisp/dnd.el
+++ b/lisp/dnd.el
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ and is the default except for MS-Windows."
 
 
 (defcustom dnd-open-file-other-window nil
-  "If non-nil, always use find-file-other-window to open dropped files."
+  "If non-nil, always use `find-file-other-window' to open dropped files."
   :version "22.1"
   :type 'boolean)
 
diff --git a/lisp/files.el b/lisp/files.el
index 7e4bdab5075..67c4628468b 100644
--- a/lisp/files.el
+++ b/lisp/files.el
@@ -1108,7 +1108,7 @@ customize the variable `user-emacs-directory-warning'."
 (defun exec-path ()
   "Return list of directories to search programs to run in remote subprocesses.
 The remote host is identified by `default-directory'.  For remote
-hosts that do not support subprocesses, this returns `nil'.
+hosts that do not support subprocesses, this returns nil.
 If `default-directory' is a local directory, this function returns
 the value of the variable `exec-path'."
   (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler default-directory 'exec-path)))
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/bat-mode.el b/lisp/progmodes/bat-mode.el
index 7ba8a69775e..2cc8dfce668 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/bat-mode.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/bat-mode.el
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
 
 ;;;###autoload
 (define-derived-mode bat-mode prog-mode "Bat"
-  "Major mode for editing DOS/Windows batch files.\n
+  "Major mode for editing DOS/Windows batch files.
 Start a new script from `bat-template'.  Read help pages for DOS commands
 with `bat-cmd-help'.  Navigate between sections using `imenu'.
 Run script using `bat-run' and `bat-run-args'.\n
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/bug-reference.el b/lisp/progmodes/bug-reference.el
index a596b27cd08..54d4b141656 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/bug-reference.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/bug-reference.el
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ guesswork is based on these variables:
   "Enable `bug-reference-mode' and force auto-setup.
 Enabling `bug-reference-mode' runs its auto-setup only if
 `bug-reference-bug-regexp' and `bug-reference-url-format' are not
-set already.  This function sets the latter to `nil'
+set already.  This function sets the latter to nil
 buffer-locally, so that the auto-setup will always run.
 
 This is mostly intended for MUA modes like `rmail-mode' where the
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/cfengine.el b/lisp/progmodes/cfengine.el
index 4649e506541..53914616cdc 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/cfengine.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/cfengine.el
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
 ;; (add-hook 'cfengine3-mode-hook 'eldoc-mode)
 
 ;; You may also find the command `cfengine3-reformat-json-string'
-;; useful, just bind it to a key you prefer. It will take the current
-;; string and reformat it as JSON. So if you're editing JSON inside
+;; useful, just bind it to a key you prefer.  It will take the current
+;; string and reformat it as JSON.  So if you're editing JSON inside
 ;; the policy, it's a quick way to make it more legible without
 ;; manually reindenting it.  For instance:
 
@@ -140,8 +140,7 @@ bundle agent rcfiles
       \"/tmp/netrc\"
               comment => \"my netrc\",
                 perms => mog(\"600\", \"tzz\", \"tzz\");
-}
-"
+}"
   :version "24.4"
   :type '(list
           (choice (const :tag "Anchor at beginning of promise" promise)
@@ -1193,7 +1192,7 @@ Intended as the value of `indent-line-function'."
 ;; CATEGORY: [a-zA-Z_]+:
 
 (defun cfengine3--current-function ()
-  "Look up current CFEngine 3 function"
+  "Look up current CFEngine 3 function."
   (let* ((syntax (cfengine3-make-syntax-cache))
          (flist (assq 'functions syntax)))
     (when flist
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/compile.el b/lisp/progmodes/compile.el
index af7b8292b74..8d1486b6e68 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/compile.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/compile.el
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ This is bound before running `compilation-filter-hook'.")
   "This is how compilers number the first column, usually 1 or 0.
 If this is buffer-local in the destination buffer, Emacs obeys
 that value, otherwise it uses the value in the *compilation*
-buffer.  This enables a major-mode to specify its own value.")
+buffer.  This enables a major mode to specify its own value.")
 
 (defvar compilation-parse-errors-filename-function #'identity
   "Function to call to post-process filenames while parsing error messages.
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ program and Emacs agree about the display width of the characters,
 especially the TAB character.
 If this is buffer-local in the destination buffer, Emacs obeys
 that value, otherwise it uses the value in the *compilation*
-buffer.  This enables a major-mode to specify its own value."
+buffer.  This enables a major mode to specify its own value."
   :type 'boolean
   :version "20.4")
 
@@ -2767,7 +2767,7 @@ Actual value is never used, only the text property.")
     (set-window-margins w (- (car (window-margins w)) 2))))
 
 (defun compilation--set-up-arrow-spec-in-margins ()
-  "Set up compilation-arrow-overlay to display as an arrow in margins."
+  "Set up `compilation-arrow-overlay' to display as an arrow in margins."
   (setq overlay-arrow-string "")
   (setq compilation-arrow-overlay
         (make-overlay overlay-arrow-position overlay-arrow-position))
@@ -2780,7 +2780,7 @@ Actual value is never used, only the text property.")
             #'compilation--tear-down-arrow-spec-in-margins nil t))
 
 (defun compilation--tear-down-arrow-spec-in-margins ()
-  "Restore compilation-arrow-overlay to not using the margins, which are removed."
+  "Restore `compilation-arrow-overlay' to not using the margins, which are removed."
   (when (overlayp compilation-arrow-overlay)
     (overlay-put compilation-arrow-overlay 'before-string nil)
     (delete-overlay compilation-arrow-overlay)
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/cperl-mode.el b/lisp/progmodes/cperl-mode.el
index 165834cc20f..8e32c5a4b79 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/cperl-mode.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/cperl-mode.el
@@ -312,8 +312,7 @@ own abbrevs in cperl-mode, but do not want keywords to be
 electric, you must redefine `cperl-mode-abbrev-table': do
 \\[edit-abbrevs], search for `cperl-mode-abbrev-table', and, in
 that paragraph, delete the words that appear at the ends of lines and
-that begin with \"cperl-electric\".
-"
+that begin with \"cperl-electric\"."
   :type '(choice (const null) boolean)
   :group 'cperl-affected-by-hairy)
 
@@ -767,8 +766,7 @@ line-breaks/spacing between elements of the construct.
 
 10) Uses a linear-time algorithm for indentation of regions.
 
-11) Syntax-highlight, indentation, sexp-recognition inside regular expressions.
-")
+11) Syntax-highlight, indentation, sexp-recognition inside regular expressions.")
 
 (defvar cperl-speed 'please-ignore-this-line
   "This is an incomplete compendium of what is available in other parts
@@ -865,9 +863,7 @@ In regular expressions (including character classes):
                                 backslashes of escape sequences
   `font-lock-variable-name-face' Interpolated constructs, embedded code,
                                 POSIX classes (inside charclasses)
-  `font-lock-comment-face'      Embedded comments
-
-")
+  `font-lock-comment-face'      Embedded comments")
 
 
 
@@ -1452,7 +1448,7 @@ the last)."
 
 (defvar cperl-outline-regexp
   (rx (sequence line-start (0+ blank) (eval cperl--imenu-entries-rx)))
-  "The regular expression used for outline-minor-mode")
+  "The regular expression used for `outline-minor-mode'.")
 
 (defvar cperl-mode-syntax-table nil
   "Syntax table in use in CPerl mode buffers.")
@@ -4840,7 +4836,7 @@ recursive calls in starting lines of here-documents."
 ;; Moreover, one takes positive approach (looks for else,grep etc)
 ;; another negative (looks for bless,tr etc)
 (defun cperl-after-block-p (lim &optional pre-block)
-  "Return true if the preceding } (if PRE-BLOCK, following {) delimits a block.
+  "Return non-nil if the preceding } (if PRE-BLOCK, following {) delimits a block.
 Would not look before LIM.  Assumes that LIM is a good place to begin a
 statement.  The kind of block we treat here is one after which a new
 statement would start; thus the block in ${func()} does not count."
@@ -4876,7 +4872,7 @@ statement would start; thus the block in ${func()} does not count."
       (error nil))))
 
 (defun cperl-after-expr-p (&optional lim chars test)
-  "Return true if the position is good for start of expression.
+  "Return non-nil if the position is good for start of expression.
 TEST is the expression to evaluate at the found position.  If absent,
 CHARS is a string that contains good characters to have before us (however,
 `}' is treated \"smartly\" if it is not in the list)."
@@ -4972,7 +4968,7 @@ CHARS is a string that contains good characters to have before us (however,
   (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
 
 (defun cperl-after-block-and-statement-beg (lim)
-  "Return true if the preceding ?} ends the statement."
+  "Return non-nil if the preceding ?} ends the statement."
   ;;  We assume that we are after ?\}
   (and
    (cperl-after-block-p lim)
@@ -5620,7 +5616,7 @@ comment, or POD."
 (defvar cperl-font-lock-keywords nil
   "Additional expressions to highlight in Perl mode.  Default set.")
 (defvar cperl-font-lock-keywords-2 nil
-  "Additional expressions to highlight in Perl mode.  Maximal set")
+  "Additional expressions to highlight in Perl mode.  Maximal set.")
 
 (defun cperl-load-font-lock-keywords ()
   (or cperl-faces-init (cperl-init-faces))
@@ -5635,10 +5631,10 @@ comment, or POD."
   cperl-font-lock-keywords-2)
 
 (defun cperl-font-lock-syntactic-face-function (state)
-  "Apply faces according to their syntax type.  In CPerl mode, this
-is used for here-documents which have been marked as c-style
-comments.  For everything else, delegate to the default
-function."
+  "Apply faces according to their syntax type.
+In CPerl mode, this is used for here-documents which have been
+marked as c-style comments.  For everything else, delegate to the
+default function."
   (cond
    ;; A c-style comment is a HERE-document.  Fontify if requested.
    ((and (eq 2 (nth 7 state))
@@ -6251,7 +6247,7 @@ side-effect of memorizing only.  Examples in `cperl-style-examples'."
                   (filename nodename &optional no-going-back strict-case))
 
 (defun cperl-info-buffer (type)
-  ;; Returns buffer with documentation.  Creates if missing.
+  ;; Return buffer with documentation.  Creates if missing.
   ;; If TYPE, this vars buffer.
   ;; Special care is taken to not stomp over an existing info buffer
   (let* ((bname (if type "*info-perl-var*" "*info-perl*"))
@@ -6385,7 +6381,7 @@ Customized by setting variables `cperl-shrink-wrap-info-frame',
 (declare-function imenu-choose-buffer-index "imenu" (&optional prompt alist))
 
 (defun cperl-imenu-on-info ()
-  "Shows imenu for Perl Info Buffer.
+  "Show imenu for Perl Info Buffer.
 Opens Perl Info buffer if needed."
   (interactive)
   (require 'imenu)
@@ -6733,8 +6729,7 @@ Does not move point."
   "Add to TAGS data for \"pure\" Perl files in the current directory and kids.
 Use as
   emacs -batch -q -no-site-file -l emacs/cperl-mode.el \\
-        -f cperl-add-tags-recurse-noxs
-"
+        -f cperl-add-tags-recurse-noxs"
   (cperl-write-tags nil nil t t nil t))
 
 (defun cperl-add-tags-recurse-noxs-fullpath ()
@@ -6742,16 +6737,14 @@ Use as
 Writes down fullpath, so TAGS is relocatable (but if the build directory
 is relocated, the file TAGS inside it breaks). Use as
   emacs -batch -q -no-site-file -l emacs/cperl-mode.el \\
-        -f cperl-add-tags-recurse-noxs-fullpath
-"
+        -f cperl-add-tags-recurse-noxs-fullpath"
   (cperl-write-tags nil nil t t nil t ""))
 
 (defun cperl-add-tags-recurse ()
   "Add to TAGS file data for Perl files in the current directory and kids.
 Use as
   emacs -batch -q -no-site-file -l emacs/cperl-mode.el \\
-        -f cperl-add-tags-recurse
-"
+        -f cperl-add-tags-recurse"
   (cperl-write-tags nil nil t t))
 
 (defvar cperl-tags-file-name "TAGS"
@@ -7735,11 +7728,10 @@ prototype \\&SUB	Returns prototype of the function given a reference.
 =begin formatname       Start directly formatted region.
 =end formatname End directly formatted region.
 =for formatname text    Paragraph in special format.
-=encoding encodingname  Encoding of the document.
-")
+=encoding encodingname  Encoding of the document.")
 
 (defun cperl-switch-to-doc-buffer (&optional interactive)
-  "Go to the perl documentation buffer and insert the documentation."
+  "Go to the Perl documentation buffer and insert the documentation."
   (interactive "p")
   (let ((buf (get-buffer-create cperl-doc-buffer)))
     (if interactive
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/ebnf2ps.el b/lisp/progmodes/ebnf2ps.el
index 6ad55fc1423..052a68547b8 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/ebnf2ps.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/ebnf2ps.el
@@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@ Please send all bug fixes and enhancements to
 ;;; Interface to the command system
 
 (defgroup postscript nil
-  "Printing with PostScript"
+  "Printing with PostScript."
   :tag "PostScript"
   :version "20"
   :group 'environment)
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/ebrowse.el b/lisp/progmodes/ebrowse.el
index 7524c280f25..ab0329d7eec 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/ebrowse.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/ebrowse.el
@@ -3062,7 +3062,7 @@ the first derived class."
 
 (easy-menu-define
  ebrowse-member-name-object-menu ebrowse-member-mode-map
- "Object menu for member names"
+ "Object menu for member names."
  '("Ebrowse"
    ["Find Definition" ebrowse-find-member-definition
     :help "Find this member's definition in the source files"
@@ -4200,7 +4200,7 @@ EVENT is the mouse event."
 
 (easy-menu-define
  ebrowse-tree-buffer-class-object-menu ebrowse-tree-mode-map
- "Object menu for classes in the tree buffer"
+ "Object menu for classes in the tree buffer."
  '("Class"
    ["Functions" ebrowse-tree-command:show-member-functions
     :help "Display a list of member functions"
@@ -4242,7 +4242,7 @@ EVENT is the mouse event."
 
 (easy-menu-define
  ebrowse-tree-buffer-object-menu ebrowse-tree-mode-map
- "Object menu for tree buffers"
+ "Object menu for tree buffers."
  '("Ebrowse"
    ["Filename Display" ebrowse-toggle-file-name-display
     :help "Toggle display of source files names"
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/flymake.el b/lisp/progmodes/flymake.el
index cc12fce04a0..5879bce2a76 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/flymake.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/flymake.el
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ associated `flymake-category' return DEFAULT."
                              (list bitmap)))))))
 
 (defun flymake--highlight-line (diagnostic)
-  "Highlight buffer with info in DIGNOSTIC."
+  "Highlight buffer with info in DIAGNOSTIC."
   (let ((type (or (flymake--diag-type diagnostic)
                   :error))
         (ov (make-overlay
@@ -973,7 +973,7 @@ Interactively, with a prefix arg, FORCE is t."
 
 (defvar flymake-mode-map
   (let ((map (make-sparse-keymap))) map)
-  "Keymap for `flymake-mode'")
+  "Keymap for `flymake-mode'.")
 
 ;;;###autoload
 (define-minor-mode flymake-mode
diff --git a/lisp/progmodes/hideif.el b/lisp/progmodes/hideif.el
index a2f5d7286ac..7cd49a69d4a 100644
--- a/lisp/progmodes/hideif.el
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/hideif.el
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ that form should be displayed.")
      ((bound-and-true-p semantic-c-takeover-hideif)
       (semantic-c-hideif-defined var))
      ;; Here we can't use hif-lookup as an empty definition like `#define EMPTY'
-     ;; is considered defined but is evaluated as `nil'.
+     ;; is considered defined but is evaluated as nil.
      ((assq var hide-ifdef-env) 1)
      ((and (setq def (assq var hif-predefine-alist))
            (funcall (cdr def))) 1)
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/css-mode.el b/lisp/textmodes/css-mode.el
index d57f2d54936..9f123dc8167 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/css-mode.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/css-mode.el
@@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ by `css--colors-regexp'.  START-POINT is the start of the color,
 and MATCH is the string matched by the regexp.
 
 This function will either return the color, as a hex RGB string;
-or `nil' if no color could be recognized.  When this function
+or nil if no color could be recognized.  When this function
 returns, point will be at the end of the recognized color."
   (cond
    ((eq (aref match 0) ?#)
@@ -1170,7 +1170,7 @@ returns, point will be at the end of the recognized color."
 
 (defcustom css-fontify-colors t
   "Whether CSS colors should be fontified using the color as the background.
-When non-`nil', a text representing CSS color will be fontified
+When non-nil, a text representing CSS color will be fontified
 such that its background is the color itself.  E.g., #ff0000 will
 be fontified with a red background."
   :version "26.1"
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/enriched.el b/lisp/textmodes/enriched.el
index 877658a5a55..c650da43bff 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/enriched.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/enriched.el
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 ;; A separate file, enriched.txt, contains further documentation and other
 ;; important information about this code.  It also serves as an example
 ;; file in text/enriched format.  It should be in the etc directory of your
-;; emacs distribution.
+;; Emacs distribution.
 
 ;;; Code:
 
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/flyspell.el b/lisp/textmodes/flyspell.el
index 423f37762cf..9b3211df57a 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/flyspell.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/flyspell.el
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ in your init file.
 (custom-add-option 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-flyspell)
 
 (defvar flyspell-buffers nil
-  "For remembering buffers running flyspell")
+  "For remembering buffers running flyspell.")
 (make-obsolete-variable 'flyspell-buffers "not used." "28.1")
 
 ;;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
@@ -702,8 +702,8 @@ has been used, the current word is not checked."
 ;;*    has to be spell checked.                                         */
 ;;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 (defvar flyspell-pre-buffer     nil "Buffer current before `this-command'.")
-(defvar flyspell-pre-point      nil "Point before running `this-command'")
-(defvar flyspell-pre-column     nil "Column before running `this-command'")
+(defvar flyspell-pre-point      nil "Point before running `this-command'.")
+(defvar flyspell-pre-column     nil "Column before running `this-command'.")
 (defvar flyspell-pre-pre-buffer nil)
 (defvar flyspell-pre-pre-point  nil)
 (make-variable-buffer-local 'flyspell-pre-point) ;Why??  --Stef
@@ -1746,7 +1746,7 @@ FLYSPELL-BUFFER."
 ;;*    flyspell-overlay-p ...                                           */
 ;;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 (defun flyspell-overlay-p (o)
-  "Return true if O is an overlay used by flyspell."
+  "Return non-nil if O is an overlay used by flyspell."
   (and (overlayp o) (overlay-get o 'flyspell-overlay)))
 
 ;;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/ispell.el b/lisp/textmodes/ispell.el
index 3b9f1d35129..0d95b4c1151 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/ispell.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/ispell.el
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 ;; `a': Accept word for this session.
 ;; `A': Accept word and place in buffer-local dictionary.
 ;; `r': Replace word with typed-in value.  Rechecked.
-;; `R': Replace word with typed-in value. Query-replaced in buffer. Rechecked.
+;; `R': Replace word with typed-in value.  Query-replaced in buffer.  Rechecked.
 ;; `?': Show these commands
 ;; `x': Exit spelling buffer.  Move cursor to original point.
 ;; `X': Exit spelling buffer.  Leaves cursor at the current point, and permits
@@ -731,8 +731,7 @@ Otherwise returns the library directory name, if that is defined."
     result))
 
 (defmacro ispell-with-safe-default-directory (&rest body)
-  "Execute the forms in BODY with a reasonable
-`default-directory'."
+  "Execute the forms in BODY with a reasonable `default-directory'."
   (declare (indent 0) (debug t))
   `(let ((default-directory default-directory))
      (unless (file-accessible-directory-p default-directory)
@@ -2530,7 +2529,7 @@ if defined."
       ;; `grep' returns status 1 and no output when word not found, which
       ;; is a perfectly normal thing.
       (if (stringp status)
-          (error "error: %s exited with signal %s"
+          (error "Error: %s exited with signal %s"
                  (file-name-nondirectory prog) status)
         ;; Else collect words into `results' in FIFO order.
         (goto-char (point-max))
@@ -4090,7 +4089,7 @@ Includes LaTeX/Nroff modes and extended character mode."
 ;; Can kill the current ispell process
 
 (defun ispell-buffer-local-dict (&optional no-reload)
-  "Initializes local dictionary and local personal dictionary.
+  "Initialize local dictionary and local personal dictionary.
 If optional NO-RELOAD is non-nil, do not reload any dictionary.
 When a dictionary is defined in the buffer (see variable
 `ispell-dictionary-keyword'), it will override the local setting
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/page-ext.el b/lisp/textmodes/page-ext.el
index 87c91e8f1b7..558d6b81d77 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/page-ext.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/page-ext.el
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@
 ;;; Addresses related variables
 
 (defcustom pages-addresses-file-name "~/addresses"
-  "Standard name for file of addresses. Entries separated by page-delimiter.
+  "Standard name for file of addresses.  Entries separated by `page-delimiter'.
 Used by `pages-directory-for-addresses' function."
   :type 'file)
 
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/picture.el b/lisp/textmodes/picture.el
index 1d5d1caeabc..a9b7b6dc964 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/picture.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/picture.el
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ Interactively, reads the register using `register-read-with-preview'."
            (move-to-column column t))))
 
 (defun picture-yank-rectangle (&optional insertp)
-  "Overlay rectangle saved by \\[picture-clear-rectangle]
+  "Overlay rectangle saved by \\[picture-clear-rectangle].
 The rectangle is positioned with upper left corner at point, overwriting
 existing text.  With prefix argument, the rectangle is inserted instead,
 shifting existing text.  Leaves mark at one corner of rectangle and
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/refbib.el b/lisp/textmodes/refbib.el
index 084b17c676b..ce556be00db 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/refbib.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/refbib.el
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ This is in addition to the `r2b-capitalize-title-stop-words'.")
          (sit-for 0))))
 
 (defun r2b-match (exp)
-   "Returns string matched in current buffer."
+   "Return string matched in current buffer."
    (buffer-substring (match-beginning exp) (match-end exp)))
 
 (defcustom r2b-out-buf-name "*Out*"
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/reftex-cite.el b/lisp/textmodes/reftex-cite.el
index 895064b82f3..a2b745b0af1 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/reftex-cite.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/reftex-cite.el
@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@
 
 ;;; Variables and constants
 (defvar reftex-cite-regexp-hist nil
-  "The history list of regular expressions used for citations")
+  "The history list of regular expressions used for citations.")
 
 (defconst reftex-citation-prompt
   "Select: [n]ext [p]revious [r]estrict [ ]full_entry [q]uit RET [?]Help+more"
-  "Prompt and help string for citation selection")
+  "Prompt and help string for citation selection.")
 
 (defconst reftex-citation-help
   " n / p      Go to next/previous entry (Cursor motion works as well).
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/reftex-index.el b/lisp/textmodes/reftex-index.el
index 28cc7db2dcd..5674d31c81b 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/reftex-index.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/reftex-index.el
@@ -1150,7 +1150,7 @@ When index is restricted, select the previous section as restriction criterion."
 
 ;; Some constants and variables
 (defconst reftex-index-phrases-comment-regexp "^[ \t]*%.*"
-  "Regular expression to match comment lines in phrases buffer")
+  "Regular expression to match comment lines in phrases buffer.")
 (defconst reftex-index-phrases-macrodef-regexp
   "^\\(>>>INDEX_MACRO_DEFINITION:\\)[ \t]+\\(\\S-\\)\\( *\t[ \t]*\\)\\([^\t]*[^ \t]\\)\\( *\t[ \t]*\\)\\(\\S-+\\)"
   "Regular expression to match macro definition lines the phrases buffer.")
@@ -2068,7 +2068,7 @@ both ends."
 
 (defun reftex-index-phrases-replace-space (pos)
   "If there is a space at POS, replace it with a newline char.
-Does not do a save-excursion."
+Does not do a `save-excursion'."
   (when (equal (char-after pos) ?\ )
     (goto-char pos)
     (delete-char 1)
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/reftex-vars.el b/lisp/textmodes/reftex-vars.el
index 96065ee69e1..cfdf256f70a 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/reftex-vars.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/reftex-vars.el
@@ -433,8 +433,8 @@ This flag can be toggled from within the *toc* buffer with the `f' key."
   :type 'boolean)
 
 (defcustom reftex-revisit-to-follow nil
-  "Non-nil means, follow-mode will revisit files if necessary.
-If nil, follow-mode will be suspended for stuff in unvisited files."
+  "Non-nil means, `follow-mode' will revisit files if necessary.
+If nil, `follow-mode' will be suspended for stuff in unvisited files."
   :group 'reftex-table-of-contents-browser
   :group 'reftex-referencing-labels
   :type 'boolean)
@@ -1694,8 +1694,8 @@ entries and for BibTeX database files with live associated buffers."
   "Non-nil means, echoed information for cite macros is cached.
 The information displayed in the echo area for cite macros is
 cached and even saved along with the parsing information.  The
-cache survives document scans.  In order to clear it, use M-x
-reftex-reset-mode <RET>."
+cache survives document scans.  In order to clear it, use
+\\[reftex-reset-mode]."
   :group 'reftex-viewing-cross-references
   :type 'boolean)
 
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/reftex.el b/lisp/textmodes/reftex.el
index 1cb2cf40c3b..1278e4c403c 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/reftex.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/reftex.el
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 ;;; reftex.el --- minor mode for doing \label, \ref, \cite, \index in LaTeX  -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
+
 ;; Copyright (C) 1997-2000, 2003-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 ;; Author: Carsten Dominik <dominik@science.uva.nl>
@@ -1930,7 +1931,7 @@ When DIE is non-nil, throw an error if file not found."
 (defun reftex-convert-string (string split-re invalid-re dot keep-fp
                                      nwords maxchar invalid abbrev sep
                                      ignore-words &optional downcase)
-  "Convert a string (a sentence) to something shorter.
+  "Convert STRING (a sentence) to something shorter.
 SPLIT-RE     is the regular expression used to split the string into words.
 INVALID-RE   matches characters which are invalid in the final string.
 DOT          t means add dots to abbreviated words.
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/sgml-mode.el b/lisp/textmodes/sgml-mode.el
index fda00ec367e..5bfcc1a20cc 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/sgml-mode.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/sgml-mode.el
@@ -1208,7 +1208,7 @@ and move to the line in the SGML document that caused it."
   (compilation-start command))
 
 (defsubst sgml-at-indentation-p ()
-  "Return true if point is at the first non-whitespace character on the line."
+  "Return t if point is at the first non-whitespace character on the line."
   (save-excursion
     (skip-chars-backward " \t")
     (bolp)))
@@ -2614,7 +2614,7 @@ HTML Autoview mode is a buffer-local minor mode for use with
   "</nav>")
 
 (define-skeleton html-html5-template
-  "Initial HTML5 template"
+  "Initial HTML5 template."
   nil
   "<!DOCTYPE html>" \n
   "<html lang=\"en\">" \n
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/table.el b/lisp/textmodes/table.el
index 2dd52b87b79..50e44ff6367 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/table.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/table.el
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 ;; holders.  Amazingly there have been no direct support for WYSIWYG
 ;; table editing tasks in Emacs.  Many people must have experienced
 ;; manipulating existing overwrite-mode and picture-mode for this task
-;; and only dreamed of having such a lisp package which supports this
+;; and only dreamed of having such a Lisp package which supports this
 ;; specific task directly.  Certainly, I have been one of them.  The
 ;; most difficult part of dealing with table editing in Emacs probably
 ;; is how to realize localized rectangular editing effect.  Emacs has
@@ -860,7 +860,7 @@ cell to cache and cache to cell.")
 This is always set to nil at the entry to `table-with-cache-buffer' before
 executing body forms.")
 (defvar-local table-mode-indicator nil
-  "For mode line indicator")
+  "For mode line indicator.")
 ;; This is not a real minor-mode but placed in the minor-mode-alist
 ;; so that we can show the indicator on the mode line handy.
 (unless (assq table-mode-indicator minor-mode-alist)
@@ -3625,8 +3625,7 @@ independently.
 
 By applying `table-release', which does the opposite process, the
 contents become once again plain text.  `table-release' works as
-companion command to `table-capture' this way.
-"
+companion command to `table-capture' this way."
   (interactive
    (let ((col-delim-regexp)
          (row-delim-regexp))
@@ -4535,7 +4534,7 @@ grow into."
 
 (defun table--untabify-line (&optional from)
   "Untabify current line.
-Unlike save-excursion this guarantees preserving the cursor location
+Unlike `save-excursion' this guarantees preserving the cursor location
 even when the point is on a tab character which is to be removed.
 Optional FROM narrows the subject operation from this point to the end
 of line."
@@ -5074,7 +5073,7 @@ signals error if the optional ABORT-ON-ERROR is non-nil."
 
 (defun table--insert-rectangle (rectangle)
   "Insert text of RECTANGLE with upper left corner at point.
-Same as insert-rectangle except that mark operation is eliminated."
+Same as `insert-rectangle' except that mark operation is eliminated."
   (let ((lines rectangle)
         (insertcolumn (current-column))
         (first t))
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/tex-mode.el b/lisp/textmodes/tex-mode.el
index d7cd0aceb21..697c0de5984 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/tex-mode.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/tex-mode.el
@@ -2353,7 +2353,7 @@ FILE is typically the output DVI or PDF file."
            collect (cons char (shell-quote-argument file))))
 
 (defun tex-format-cmd (format fspec)
-  "Like `format-spec' but adds user-specified args to the command.
+  "Like `format-spec' but add user-specified args to the command.
 Only applies the FSPEC to the args part of FORMAT."
   (setq fspec (tex--quote-spec fspec))
   (if (not (string-match "\\([^ /\\]+\\) " format))
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/texinfo.el b/lisp/textmodes/texinfo.el
index 11d60e1eb03..135a4047318 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/texinfo.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/texinfo.el
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ and also to be turned into Info files with \\[makeinfo-buffer] or
 the `makeinfo' program.  These files must be written in a very restricted and
 modified version of TeX input format.
 
-  Editing commands are like text-mode except that the syntax table is
+  Editing commands are like `text-mode' except that the syntax table is
 set up so expression commands skip Texinfo bracket groups.  To see
 what the Info version of a region of the Texinfo file will look like,
 use \\[makeinfo-region], which runs `makeinfo' on the current region.
@@ -378,15 +378,15 @@ updating menus and node pointers.  These functions
 
 Here are the functions:
 
-    texinfo-update-node                \\[texinfo-update-node]
-    texinfo-every-node-update          \\[texinfo-every-node-update]
-    texinfo-sequential-node-update
+    `texinfo-update-node'                \\[texinfo-update-node]
+    `texinfo-every-node-update'          \\[texinfo-every-node-update]
+    `texinfo-sequential-node-update'
 
-    texinfo-make-menu                  \\[texinfo-make-menu]
-    texinfo-all-menus-update           \\[texinfo-all-menus-update]
-    texinfo-master-menu
+    `texinfo-make-menu'                  \\[texinfo-make-menu]
+    `texinfo-all-menus-update'           \\[texinfo-all-menus-update]
+    `texinfo-master-menu'
 
-    texinfo-indent-menu-description (column &optional region-p)
+    `texinfo-indent-menu-description' (column &optional region-p)
 
 The `texinfo-column-for-description' variable specifies the column to
 which menu descriptions are indented.
diff --git a/lisp/vc/vc-hg.el b/lisp/vc/vc-hg.el
index 4a64caa36b8..8a9a6b85830 100644
--- a/lisp/vc/vc-hg.el
+++ b/lisp/vc/vc-hg.el
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ and an optional path to which to limit history) and produce a
 string.  The function is called with `default-directory' set to
 within the repository.
 
-If no list entry produces a useful revision, return `nil'."
+If no list entry produces a useful revision, return nil."
   :type '(repeat (choice
                   (const :tag "Active bookmark" builtin-active-bookmark)
                   (string :tag "Hg template")
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ If no list entry produces a useful revision, return `nil'."
 (defcustom vc-hg-use-file-version-for-mode-line-version nil
   "When enabled, the modeline contains revision information for the visited file.
 When not, the revision in the modeline is for the repository
-working copy.  `nil' is the much faster setting for
+working copy.  nil is the much faster setting for
 large repositories."
   :type 'boolean
   :version "26.1")
diff --git a/lisp/windmove.el b/lisp/windmove.el
index ef970bb6c96..47a1668ee88 100644
--- a/lisp/windmove.el
+++ b/lisp/windmove.el
@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ Default value of MODIFIERS is `shift'."
 
 (defcustom windmove-display-no-select nil
   "Whether the window should be selected after displaying the buffer in it.
-If `nil', then the new window where the buffer is displayed will be selected.
+If nil, then the new window where the buffer is displayed will be selected.
 If `ignore', then don't select a window: neither the new nor the old window,
 thus allowing the next command to decide what window it selects.
 Other non-nil values will reselect the old window that was selected before.
diff --git a/test/lisp/progmodes/flymake-tests.el b/test/lisp/progmodes/flymake-tests.el
index 45e0c435984..10111ca06cd 100644
--- a/test/lisp/progmodes/flymake-tests.el
+++ b/test/lisp/progmodes/flymake-tests.el
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ SEVERITY-PREDICATE is used to setup
                 (face-at-point)))))
 
 (ert-deftest perl-backend ()
-  "Test the perl backend"
+  "Test the perl backend."
   (skip-unless (executable-find "perl"))
   (flymake-tests--with-flymake ("test.pl")
     (flymake-goto-next-error)
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ SEVERITY-PREDICATE is used to setup
 
 (defvar ruby-mode-hook)
 (ert-deftest ruby-backend ()
-  "Test the ruby backend"
+  "Test the ruby backend."
   (skip-unless (executable-find "ruby"))
   ;; Some versions of ruby fail if HOME doesn't exist (bug#29187).
   (let* ((tempdir (make-temp-file "flymake-tests-ruby" t))
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ SEVERITY-PREDICATE is used to setup
           (lambda (_report-fn)
             ;; HACK: Shoosh log during tests
             (setq-local warning-minimum-log-level :emergency)
-            (error "crashed"))))
+            (error "Crashed"))))
       (insert "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing
     elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore
     manha aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ SEVERITY-PREDICATE is used to setup
         (should-error (flymake-goto-next-error nil nil t))))))
 
 (ert-deftest recurrent-backend ()
-  "Test a backend that calls REPORT-FN multiple times"
+  "Test a backend that calls REPORT-FN multiple times."
   (with-temp-buffer
     (let (tick)
       (cl-letf
@@ -374,4 +374,4 @@ SEVERITY-PREDICATE is used to setup
 
 (provide 'flymake-tests)
 
-;;; flymake.el ends here
+;;; flymake-tests.el ends here